Mathematics And Plausible Reasoning Patterns Of Plausible Inference

Author : George Polya
Publisher : Lushena Books
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2023-02-08
Category : Computers
ISBN : 1639235663

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Mathematics and Plausible Reasoning by George Polya Pdf

This two volume classic comprises two titles: "Patterns of Plausible Inference" and "Induction and Analogy in Mathematics". This is a guide to the practical art of plausible reasoning, particularly in mathematics, but also in every field of human activity. Using mathematics as the example par excellence, Polya shows how even the most rigorous deductive discipline is heavily dependent on techniques of guessing, inductive reasoning, and reasoning by analogy. In solving a problem, the answer must be guessed at before a proof can be given, and guesses are usually made from a knowledge of facts, experience, and hunches. The truly creative mathematician must be a good guesser first and a good prover afterward; many important theorems have been guessed but no proved until much later. In the same way, solutions to problems can be guessed, and a god guesser is much more likely to find a correct solution. This work might have been called "How to Become a Good Guesser."-From the Dust Jacket.

Author : George Pólya
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1954
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 0691080062

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Patterns of Plausible Inference by George Pólya Pdf

A guide to the practical art of plausible reasoning, this book has relevance in every field of intellectual activity. Professor Polya, a world-famous mathematician from Stanford University, uses mathematics to show how hunches and guesses play an important part in even the most rigorously deductive science. He explains how solutions to problems can be guessed at; good guessing is often more important than rigorous deduction in finding correct solutions. Vol. II, on Patterns of Plausible Inference, attempts to develop a logic of plausibility. What makes some evidence stronger and some weaker? How does one seek evidence that will make a suspected truth more probable? These questions involve philosophy and psychology as well as mathematics.

Author : George Pólya
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1968
Category : Logic, Symbolic and mathematical
ISBN : STANFORD:36105002020886

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Mathematics and Plausible Reasoning: Patterns of plausible inference by George Pólya Pdf

Author : George Pólya
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 1964
Category : Logic, Symbolic and mathematical
ISBN : UOM:39015008206248

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Mathematics and Plausible Reasoning by George Pólya Pdf

Author : George Pólya
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1954
Category : Inference
ISBN : UOM:39076002031032

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Patterns of Plausible Inference by George Pólya Pdf

Author : G. Polya
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1990-08-23
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 069102510X

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Mathematics and Plausible Reasoning: Patterns of plausible inference by G. Polya Pdf

"Here the author of How to Solve It explains how to become a "good guesser." Marked by G. Polya's simple, energetic prose and use of clever examples from a wide range of human activities, this two-volume work explores techniques of guessing, inductive reasoning, and reasoning by analogy, and the role they play in the most rigorous of deductive disciplines."--Book cover.

Author : G. Polya
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1954
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:491733366

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Mathematics and Plausible Reasoning by G. Polya Pdf

Author : George Pólya
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1954
Category : Logic, Symbolic and mathematical
ISBN : OCLC:1087897278

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Mathematics and plausible reasoning. 2. Patterns of plausible inference by George Pólya Pdf

Author : George Polya
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 494 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2012-07-01
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1258437651

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Mathematics and Plausible Reasoning, V1-2 by George Polya Pdf

Author : Judea Pearl
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2014-06-28
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780080514895

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Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems by Judea Pearl Pdf

Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems is a complete and accessible account of the theoretical foundations and computational methods that underlie plausible reasoning under uncertainty. The author provides a coherent explication of probability as a language for reasoning with partial belief and offers a unifying perspective on other AI approaches to uncertainty, such as the Dempster-Shafer formalism, truth maintenance systems, and nonmonotonic logic. The author distinguishes syntactic and semantic approaches to uncertainty--and offers techniques, based on belief networks, that provide a mechanism for making semantics-based systems operational. Specifically, network-propagation techniques serve as a mechanism for combining the theoretical coherence of probability theory with modern demands of reasoning-systems technology: modular declarative inputs, conceptually meaningful inferences, and parallel distributed computation. Application areas include diagnosis, forecasting, image interpretation, multi-sensor fusion, decision support systems, plan recognition, planning, speech recognition--in short, almost every task requiring that conclusions be drawn from uncertain clues and incomplete information. Probabilistic Reasoning in Intelligent Systems will be of special interest to scholars and researchers in AI, decision theory, statistics, logic, philosophy, cognitive psychology, and the management sciences. Professionals in the areas of knowledge-based systems, operations research, engineering, and statistics will find theoretical and computational tools of immediate practical use. The book can also be used as an excellent text for graduate-level courses in AI, operations research, or applied probability.

Author : George Pólya,Sam Sloan
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 4871878317

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Mathematical Discovery on Understanding, Learning, and Teaching Problem Solving by George Pólya,Sam Sloan Pdf

George Polya was a Hungarian mathematician. Born in Budapest on 13 December 1887, his original name was Polya Gyorg. He wrote perhaps the most famous book of mathematics ever written, namely "How to Solve It." However, "How to Solve It" is not strictly speaking a math book. It is a book about how to solve problems of any kind, of which math is just one type of problem. The same techniques could in principle be used to solve any problem one encounters in life (such as how to choose the best wife ). Therefore, Polya wrote the current volume to explain how the techniques set forth in "How to Solve It" can be applied to specific areas such as geometry.

Author : Sanjoy Mahajan
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2010-03-05
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780262265591

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Street-Fighting Mathematics by Sanjoy Mahajan Pdf

An antidote to mathematical rigor mortis, teaching how to guess answers without needing a proof or an exact calculation. In problem solving, as in street fighting, rules are for fools: do whatever works—don't just stand there! Yet we often fear an unjustified leap even though it may land us on a correct result. Traditional mathematics teaching is largely about solving exactly stated problems exactly, yet life often hands us partly defined problems needing only moderately accurate solutions. This engaging book is an antidote to the rigor mortis brought on by too much mathematical rigor, teaching us how to guess answers without needing a proof or an exact calculation. In Street-Fighting Mathematics, Sanjoy Mahajan builds, sharpens, and demonstrates tools for educated guessing and down-and-dirty, opportunistic problem solving across diverse fields of knowledge—from mathematics to management. Mahajan describes six tools: dimensional analysis, easy cases, lumping, picture proofs, successive approximation, and reasoning by analogy. Illustrating each tool with numerous examples, he carefully separates the tool—the general principle—from the particular application so that the reader can most easily grasp the tool itself to use on problems of particular interest. Street-Fighting Mathematics grew out of a short course taught by the author at MIT for students ranging from first-year undergraduates to graduate students ready for careers in physics, mathematics, management, electrical engineering, computer science, and biology. They benefited from an approach that avoided rigor and taught them how to use mathematics to solve real problems. Street-Fighting Mathematics will appear in print and online under a Creative Commons Noncommercial Share Alike license.

Author : Nikolai Dokuchaev
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2015-06-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789814678056

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Probability Theory by Nikolai Dokuchaev Pdf

This book provides a systematic, self-sufficient and yet short presentation of the mainstream topics on introductory Probability Theory with some selected topics from Mathematical Statistics. It is suitable for a 10- to 14-week course for second- or third-year undergraduate students in Science, Mathematics, Statistics, Finance, or Economics, who have completed some introductory course in Calculus. There is a sufficient number of problems and solutions to cover weekly tutorials.

Author : Jonathan Borwein,David Bailey
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 393 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2008-10-27
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781439865361

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Mathematics by Experiment by Jonathan Borwein,David Bailey Pdf

This revised and updated second edition maintains the content and spirit of the first edition and includes a new chapter, "Recent Experiences", that provides examples of experimental mathematics that have come to light since the publication of the first edition in 2003. For more examples and insights, Experimentation in Mathematics: Computational P

Author : András Kertész,Csilla Rákosi
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2012-02-09
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781107378421

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Data and Evidence in Linguistics by András Kertész,Csilla Rákosi Pdf

The question of what types of data and evidence can be used is one of the most important topics in linguistics. This book is the first to comprehensively present the methodological problems associated with linguistic data and evidence. Its originality is twofold. First, the authors' approach accounts for a series of unexplained characteristics of linguistic theorising: the uncertainty and diversity of data, the role of evidence in the evaluation of hypotheses, the problem solving strategies as well as the emergence and resolution of inconsistencies. Second, the findings are obtained by the application of a new model of plausible argumentation which is also of relevance from a general argumentation theoretical point of view. All concepts and theses are systematically introduced and illustrated by a number of examples from different linguistic theories, and a detailed case-study section shows how the proposed model can be applied to specific linguistic problems.