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Author : Herman Parret,Jacques Bouveresse
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2012-06-04
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783110839715
Author : Richard K. Larson,Gabriel Segal
Publisher : Bradford Book
Page : 639 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0262621002
Current textbooks in formal semantics are all versions of, or introductions to, the same paradigm in semantic theory: Montague Grammar. Knowledge of Meaning is based on different assumptions and a different history. It provides the only introduction to truth- theoretic semantics for natural languages, fully integrating semantic theory into the modern Chomskyan program in linguistic theory and connecting linguistic semantics to research elsewhere in cognitive psychology and philosophy. As such, it better fits into a modern graduate or undergraduate program in linguistics, cognitive science, or philosophy. Furthermore, since the technical tools it employs are much simpler to teach and to master, Knowledge of Meaning can be taught by someone who is not primarily a semanticist. Linguistic semantics cannot be studied as a stand-alone subject but only as part of cognitive psychology, the authors assert. It is the study of a particular human cognitive competence governing the meanings of words and phrases. Larson and Segal argue that speakers have unconscious knowledge of the semantic rules of their language, and they present concrete, empirically motivated proposals about a formal theory of this competence based on the work of Alfred Tarski and Donald Davidson. The theory is extended to a wide range of constructions occurring in natural language, including predicates, proper nouns, pronouns and demonstratives, quantifiers, definite descriptions, anaphoric expressions, clausal complements, and adverbs. Knowledge of Meaning gives equal weight to philosophical, empirical, and formal discussions. It addresses not only the empirical issues of linguistic semantics but also its fundamental conceptual questions, including the relation of truth to meaning and the methodology of semantic theorizing. Numerous exercises are included in the book.
Author : Barry Stroud
Publisher : Clarendon Press
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0199252149
Contains thirteen essays published by Barry Stroud between 1965 and 2000 on central topics in the philosophy of language and epistemology.
Author : Barbara Hemforth,Barbara Mertins,Cathrine Fabricius-Hansen
Publisher : Springer
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2014-07-01
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783319056753
Reports on joint work by researchers from different theoretical and linguistic backgrounds offer new insights on the interaction of linguistic code and context in language production and comprehension. This volume takes a genuinely cross-linguistic approach integrating theoretically well-founded contrastive descriptions with thorough empirical investigations. Authors answer questions on the topic of how we ‘encode’ complex thoughts into linguistic signals and how we interpret such signals in appropriate ways. Chapters combine on- and off-line empirical methods varying from large-scale corpus analyses over acceptability judgements, sentence completion studies and reading time experiments. The authors shed new light on the central questions related to our everyday use of language, especially the problem of how we construe meaning in and through language in general as well as through the means provided by particular languages.
Author : Michael G. Dyer
Publisher : MIT Press (MA)
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1983-07-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0262541556
This dissertation describes a theory of memory representation, organization, and processing for in-depth understanding of complex narrative texts. Complicated texts require that many different knowledge sources be represented, coordinated, instantiated, searched and applied. Such sources include: goals, plans, scripts, physical objects, settings, interpersonal relationships, social roles, and emotional reactions. This theory is implemented in BORIS, a computer program which reads and answers questions about narratives involving such topics as: divorce, legal disputes, personal favors, and service contracts.
Author : John Henry McDowell
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0674007131
This book collects some of McDowell’s most influential papers of the last two decades. The essays deal with themes such as the interpretation of Aristotle’s and Plato’s ethical writings, questions in moral philosophy that arise out of the Greek tradition, Wittengensteinian ideas about reason in action, and issues central to philosophy of mind.
Author : Gordon P. Baker,P. M. S. Hacker
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 424 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2008-04-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780470752791
This is a new edition of the first volume of G.P.Baker and P.M.S. Hacker’s definitive reference work on Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations. New edition of the first volume of the monumental four-volume Analytical Commentary on the Philosophical Investigations. Takes into account much material that was unavailable when the first edition was written. Following Baker’s death in 2002, P.M.S. Hacker has thoroughly revised the first volume, rewriting many essays and sections of exegesis completely. Part One - the Essays - now includes two completely new essays: 'Meaning and Use' and 'The Recantation of a Metaphysician'. Part Two - Exegesis §§1-184 - has been thoroughly revised in the light of the electronic publication of Wittgenstein’s Nachlass, and includes many new interpretations of the remarks, a history of the composition of the book, and an overview of its structure. The revisions will ensure that this remains the definitive reference work on Wittgenstein’s masterpiece for the foreseeable future.
Author : Mark Johnson
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2012-06-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780226026992
In The Meaning of the Body, Mark Johnson continues his pioneering work on the exciting connections between cognitive science, language, and meaning first begun in the classic Metaphors We Live By. Johnson uses recent research into infant psychology to show how the body generates meaning even before self-consciousness has fully developed. From there he turns to cognitive neuroscience to further explore the bodily origins of meaning, thought, and language and examines the many dimensions of meaning—including images, qualities, emotions, and metaphors—that are all rooted in the body’s physical encounters with the world. Drawing on the psychology of art and pragmatist philosophy, Johnson argues that all of these aspects of meaning-making are fundamentally aesthetic. He concludes that the arts are the culmination of human attempts to find meaning and that studying the aesthetic dimensions of our experience is crucial to unlocking meaning's bodily sources. Throughout, Johnson puts forth a bold new conception of the mind rooted in the understanding that philosophy will matter to nonphilosophers only if it is built on a visceral connection to the world. “Mark Johnson demonstrates that the aesthetic and emotional aspects of meaning are fundamental—central to conceptual meaning and reason, and that the arts show meaning-making in its fullest realization. If you were raised with the idea that art and emotion were external to ideas and reason, you must read this book. It grounds philosophy in our most visceral experience.”—George Lakoff, author of Moral Politics
Author : Carlos Periñán Pascual,Eva M. Mestre-Mestre
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Cognitive grammar
ISBN : 1443884618
Today, there is a need to develop natural language processing (NLP) systems from deeper linguistic approaches. Although there are many NLP applications which can work without taking into account any linguistic theory, this type of system can only be described as â oedeceptively intelligentâ . On the other hand, however, those computer programs requiring some language comprehension capability should be grounded in a robust linguistic model if they are to display the expected behaviour. The purpose of this book is to examine and discuss recent work in meaning and knowledge representation within theoretical linguistics and cognitive linguistics, particularly research which can be reused to model NLP applications.
Author : G. L. Hagberg
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2018-08-15
Category : PHILOSOPHY
ISBN : 150172696X
'What is the meaning of a word?' In this thought-provoking book, Hagberg demonstrates how this question--which initiated Wittgenstein's later work in the philosophy of language--is significant for our understanding not only of linguistic meaning but of the meaning of works of art and literature as well.
Author : David Kessler
Publisher : Scribner
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2019-11-05
Category : Self-Help
ISBN : 9781501192739
In this groundbreaking new work, David Kessler—an expert on grief and the coauthor with Elisabeth Kübler-Ross of the iconic On Grief and Grieving—journeys beyond the classic five stages to discover a sixth stage: meaning. In 1969, Elisabeth Kübler Ross first identified the stages of dying in her transformative book On Death and Dying. Decades later, she and David Kessler wrote the classic On Grief and Grieving, introducing the stages of grief with the same transformative pragmatism and compassion. Now, based on hard-earned personal experiences, as well as knowledge and wisdom earned through decades of work with the grieving, Kessler introduces a critical sixth stage. Many people look for “closure” after a loss. Kessler argues that it’s finding meaning beyond the stages of grief most of us are familiar with—denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance—that can transform grief into a more peaceful and hopeful experience. In this book, Kessler gives readers a roadmap to remembering those who have died with more love than pain; he shows us how to move forward in a way that honors our loved ones. Kessler’s insight is both professional and intensely personal. His journey with grief began when, as a child, he witnessed a mass shooting at the same time his mother was dying. For most of his life, Kessler taught physicians, nurses, counselors, police, and first responders about end of life, trauma, and grief, as well as leading talks and retreats for those experiencing grief. Despite his knowledge, his life was upended by the sudden death of his twenty-one-year-old son. How does the grief expert handle such a tragic loss? He knew he had to find a way through this unexpected, devastating loss, a way that would honor his son. That, ultimately, was the sixth state of grief—meaning. In Finding Meaning, Kessler shares the insights, collective wisdom, and powerful tools that will help those experiencing loss. Finding Meaning is a necessary addition to grief literature and a vital guide to healing from tremendous loss. This is an inspiring, deeply intelligent must-read for anyone looking to journey away from suffering, through loss, and towards meaning.
Author : Grant P. Wiggins,Jay McTighe
Publisher : ASCD
Page : 383 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781416600350
What is understanding and how does it differ from knowledge? How can we determine the big ideas worth understanding? Why is understanding an important teaching goal, and how do we know when students have attained it? How can we create a rigorous and engaging curriculum that focuses on understanding and leads to improved student performance in today's high-stakes, standards-based environment? Authors Grant Wiggins and Jay McTighe answer these and many other questions in this second edition of Understanding by Design. Drawing on feedback from thousands of educators around the world who have used the UbD framework since its introduction in 1998, the authors have greatly revised and expanded their original work to guide educators across the K-16 spectrum in the design of curriculum, assessment, and instruction. With an improved UbD Template at its core, the book explains the rationale of backward design and explores in greater depth the meaning of such key ideas as essential questions and transfer tasks. Readers will learn why the familiar coverage- and activity-based approaches to curriculum design fall short, and how a focus on the six facets of understanding can enrich student learning. With an expanded array of practical strategies, tools, and examples from all subject areas, the book demonstrates how the research-based principles of Understanding by Design apply to district frameworks as well as to individual units of curriculum. Combining provocative ideas, thoughtful analysis, and tested approaches, this new edition of Understanding by Design offers teacher-designers a clear path to the creation of curriculum that ensures better learning and a more stimulating experience for students and teachers alike.
Author : Jan Zwicky
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2019-05-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780773558519
The aim of this book is a recovery of interest in the experience of meaning. Jan Zwicky defends the claim that we experience meaning in the apprehension of wholes and their internal structural relations, providing examples of such insight in mathematics and physics, literature, music, and Plato's ancient theory of forms. Taken together, these essays constitute a powerful indictment of the aggressive reductionism and the reliance on calculative modes of thought that dominate our present conception of understanding. The Experience of Meaning proposes a more just epistemology, arguing for a new grammar of thought, a new way of understanding the relationship of human intelligence to the world. Engaging with philosophy, psychology, literature, fine arts, music, and environmental studies in a profound way, The Experience of Meaning will interest any reader who ponders the question of meaning and its relation to true human expression.
Author : John A. Simpson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2002-04-18
Category : Reference
ISBN : 0195218892
The Oxford English Dictionary is the internationally recognized authority on the evolution of the English language from 1150 to the present day. The Dictionary defines over 500,000 words, making it an unsurpassed guide to the meaning, pronunciation, and history of the English language. This new upgrade version of The Oxford English Dictionary Second Edition on CD-ROM offers unparalleled access to the world's most important reference work for the English language. The text of this version has been augmented with the inclusion of the Oxford English Dictionary Additions Series (Volumes 1-3), published in 1993 and 1997, the Bibliography to the Second Edition, and other ancillary material. System requirements: PC with minimum 200 MHz Pentium-class processor; 32 MB RAM (64 MB recommended); 16-speed CD-ROM drive (32-speed recommended); Windows 95, 98, Me, NT, 200, or XP (Local administrator rights are required to install and open the OED for the first time on a PC running Windows NT 4 and to install and run the OED on Windows 2000 and XP); 1.1 GB hard disk space to run the OED from the CD-ROM and 1.7 GB to install the CD-ROM to the hard disk: SVGA monitor: 800 x 600 pixels: 16-bit (64k, high color) setting recommended. Please note: for the upgrade, installation requires the use of the OED CD-ROM v2.0.
Author : Cory McKay,Brian Kayser
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 138 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2017-06-18
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1548082910
In honor of the fifteenth anniversary of The True Meaning, which is coming up on June 25, Cormega teamed up with Brian Kayser to deliver an in-depth look at the critically-acclaimed album. Featuring lyrical breakdowns from Mega as well as commentary from those involved, including the producers and behind-the-scenes team. Understanding The True Meaning will not disappoint. Contributors include Alchemist, Buckwild, D/R Period, Hi-Tek, J Waxx Garfield, and of course J-Love, among others.
