Measuring Abundance

Author : Graham Upton
Publisher : Pelagic Publishing Ltd
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2020-10-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781784272333

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Measuring Abundance by Graham Upton Pdf

Measuring the abundance of individuals and the diversity of species are core components of most ecological research projects and conservation monitoring. This book brings together in one place, for the first time, the methods used to estimate the abundance of individuals in nature. The statistical basis of each method is detailed along with practical considerations for survey design and data collection. Methods are illustrated using data ranging from Alaskan shrubs to Yellowstone grizzly bears, not forgetting Costa Rican ants and Prince Edward Island lobsters. Where necessary, example code for use with the open source software R is supplied. When appropriate, reference is made to other widely used programs. After opening with a brief synopsis of relevant statistical methods, the first section deals with the abundance of stationary items such as trees, shrubs, coral, etc. Following a discussion of the use of quadrats and transects in the contexts of forestry sampling and the assessment of plant cover, there are chapters addressing line-intercept sampling, the use of nearest-neighbour distances, and variable sized plots. The second section deals with individuals that move, such as birds, mammals, reptiles, fish, etc. Approaches discussed include double-observer sampling, removal sampling, capture-recapture methods and distance sampling. The final section deals with the measurement of species richness; species diversity; species-abundance distributions; and other aspects of diversity such as evenness, similarity, turnover and rarity. This is an essential reference for anyone involved in advanced undergraduate or postgraduate ecological research and teaching, or those planning and carrying out data analysis as part of conservation survey and monitoring programmes.

Author : Marc Kéry,J. Andrew Royle
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 810 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2015-11-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128014868

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Applied Hierarchical Modeling in Ecology: Analysis of distribution, abundance and species richness in R and BUGS by Marc Kéry,J. Andrew Royle Pdf

Applied Hierarchical Modeling in Ecology: Distribution, Abundance, Species Richness offers a new synthesis of the state-of-the-art of hierarchical models for plant and animal distribution, abundance, and community characteristics such as species richness using data collected in metapopulation designs. These types of data are extremely widespread in ecology and its applications in such areas as biodiversity monitoring and fisheries and wildlife management. This first volume explains static models/procedures in the context of hierarchical models that collectively represent a unified approach to ecological research, taking the reader from design, through data collection, and into analyses using a very powerful class of models. Applied Hierarchical Modeling in Ecology, Volume 1 serves as an indispensable manual for practicing field biologists, and as a graduate-level text for students in ecology, conservation biology, fisheries/wildlife management, and related fields. Provides a synthesis of important classes of models about distribution, abundance, and species richness while accommodating imperfect detection Presents models and methods for identifying unmarked individuals and species Written in a step-by-step approach accessible to non-statisticians and provides fully worked examples that serve as a template for readers' analyses Includes companion website containing data sets, code, solutions to exercises, and further information

Author : Philippe Crane
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540491699

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The Light Element Abundances by Philippe Crane Pdf

This is the first volume of a series on a regular up-to-date coverage of important developments in astronomy and astrophysics jointly published by ESO and Springer-Verlag. Here the reader finds a thorough review of the abundances of the elements up to Boron. Special emphasis is laid on primordial abundances of interest to cosmologists in particular, and on stellar production or destruction respectively. The articles written for researchers and graduate students cover theory and most recent data from telescope observations.

Author : Anne E. Magurran
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2013-04-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118687925

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Measuring Biological Diversity by Anne E. Magurran Pdf

This accessible and timely book provides a comprehensive overview of how to measure biodiversity. The book highlights new developments, including innovative approaches to measuring taxonomic distinctness and estimating species richness, and evaluates these alongside traditional methods such as species abundance distributions, and diversity and evenness statistics. Helps the reader quantify and interpret patterns of ecological diversity, focusing on the measurement and estimation of species richness and abundance. Explores the concept of ecological diversity, bringing new perspectives to a field beset by contradictory views and advice. Discussion spans issues such as the meaning of community in the context of ecological diversity, scales of diversity and distribution of diversity among taxa Highlights advances in measurement paying particular attention to new techniques such as species richness estimation, application of measures of diversity to conservation and environmental management and addressing sampling issues Includes worked examples of key methods in helping people to understand the techniques and use available computer packages more effectively

Author : Margaret Barnes,R N Gibson,R. N. Gibson
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2000-09-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780203180525

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Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review: Volume 38 by Margaret Barnes,R N Gibson,R. N. Gibson Pdf

A new edition of this thorough, comprehensive and respected review source for oceanographers and marine biologists. A must for every station, institute and university involved with marine biology.

Author : M. Pilar Francino,Mónica Medina
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2017-02-02
Category : Electronic book
ISBN : 9782889450152

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Recent Advances in Symbiosis Research: Integrative Approaches by M. Pilar Francino,Mónica Medina Pdf

Traditionally, symbiosis research has been undertaken by researchers working independently of one another and often focused on a few cases of bipartite host-symbiont interactions. New model systems are emerging that will enable us to fill fundamental gaps in symbiosis research and theory, focusing on a broad range of symbiotic interactions and including a variety of multicellular hosts and their complex microbial communities. In this Research Topic, we invited researchers to contribute their work on diverse symbiotic networks, since there are a large variety of symbioses with major roles in the proper functioning of terrestrial or aquatic ecosystems, and we wished the Topic to provide a venue for communicating findings across diverse taxonomic groups. A synthesis of recent investigations in symbiosis can impact areas such as agriculture, where a basic understanding of plant-microbe symbiosis will provide foundational information on the increasingly important issue of nitrogen fixation; climate change, where anthropogenic factors are threatening the survival of marine symbiotic ecosystems such as coral reefs; animal and human health, where unbalances in host microbiomes are being increasingly associated with a wide range of diseases; and biotechnology, where process optimization can be achieved through optimization of symbiotic partnerships. Overall, our vision was to produce a volume of works that will help define general principles of symbiosis within a new conceptual framework, in the road to finally establish symbiology as an overdue central discipline of biological science.

Author : E. J. Milner-Gulland,J. Marcus Rowcliffe
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2007-11-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780191523908

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Conservation and Sustainable Use by E. J. Milner-Gulland,J. Marcus Rowcliffe Pdf

The relentless exploitation and unsustainable use of wildlife, whether for food, medicine or other uses, is a key concern for conservationists worldwide. Indeed, wildlife conservation and sustainable use have recently become centrepieces in conservation and development research. Assessment, interpretation and ultimate action in a scientific study of exploited species must consider numerous factors: from the biology, habitat requirements and population dynamics of the species in question to the relationships that people have with their environment and the species within it. Any long-term management plan must ensure that people and wildlife can coexist - otherwise it is doomed to failure. Conservation and Sustainable Use provides a practical and integrated approach to carrying out research on the conservation of exploited species. It is relevant to both tropical and temperate biomes and is applicable to all exploited species, including mammals, fish and plants. It describes both the practical (field) and theoretical (modelling) techniques for obtaining and interpreting information, integrating biological, social, economic and institutional analyses. It also demonstrates how to translate information into effective action through appropriate interventions, from legislation to changing people's attitudes. This is the first time that all these issues have been covered together in a single, practically-orientated volume. This book will be essential reading for graduate level students and researchers in conservation biology, human ecology, sociology and resource economics. It will also provide an important reference for anyone who is interested in carrying out a scientifically-based conservation programme for an exploited species, including field biologists, wildlife managers and practitioners in the fields of conservation and international development.

Author : United States. National Bureau of Standards
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1953
Category : Mass spectrometry
ISBN : UIUC:30112106782532

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Mass Spectroscopy in Physics Research by United States. National Bureau of Standards Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 626 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Geology
ISBN : UOM:39015010171026

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U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9027705003

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Manganese Nodules: Dimensions and Perspectives by Anonim Pdf

Author : Norman Uphoff,Janice Thies
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 630 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2023-10-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000891089

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Biological Approaches to Regenerative Soil Systems by Norman Uphoff,Janice Thies Pdf

Agriculture in the 21st century will need considerable modification to remain both productive and sustainable. Greater production is needed to meet the needs of our still-growing populations and to combat hunger and poverty. Declines in soil health and the pollution of water sources are making many of our production systems less tenable. These adverse trends are exacerbated more and more by the impacts of climate change. There are, fortunately, alternative methods available for agricultural practice that can countervail these constraints. Biological Approaches to Regenerative Soil Systems brings together the work of both researchers and practitioners to map out better approaches to contemporary agriculture that draw upon both old and new knowledge. It presents the science that underlies more biologically driven strategies as well as contemporary innovative experiences in diverse parts of the world. Both accepted research and these varied experiences encourage confidence that these approaches, not relying primarily on the introduction of new varieties and on exogenous inputs, can succeed. This book updates and revises a preceding volume Biological Approaches to Sustainable Soil Systems published by CRC Press in 2006. So much has been learned and done on this subject in the past decade and a half that a second edition was warranted. For instance, the first edition was published, knowledge about plant-soil microbiomes, which are a frequent focus in this book, has mushroomed. Because sustainability is a broad term and an end-state, the editors preferred to assemble expertise regarding regenerative agriculture, which is concerned with the means for achieving sustainability. The concept of regenerative soil systems, entities that are more complex and multifaceted than "soil" alone, also incorporates a concern with having more resilient agricultural systems, ones that are better able to cope with the multiple stresses of climate change that are foreseen for the decades ahead. The book’s chapters representing a wide range of disciplines were contributed by 84 scientists and practitioners from 20 countries. Although they come from persons with in-depth knowledge of their respective fields, the chapters are written to be accessible to readers who are not trained in the specialized subjects. Taken together, the chapters provide students, researchers, practitioners, planners, and policy makers with a comprehensive understanding of both the science and the steps needed to regenerate and sustain soil systems around the world for the long-term benefit of humankind and the environment.

Author : National Radio Astronomy Observatory (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 568 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1977
Category : Astronomy
ISBN : OSU:32435023323876

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Reprints - National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Green Bank, W. Va by National Radio Astronomy Observatory (U.S.) Pdf

Author : Johan H. Knapen,Janice C. Lee,Armando Gil de Paz
Publisher : Springer
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2017-07-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319565705

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Outskirts of Galaxies by Johan H. Knapen,Janice C. Lee,Armando Gil de Paz Pdf

This book consists of invited reviews written by world-renowned experts on the subject of the outskirts of galaxies, an upcoming field which has been understudied so far. These regions are faint and hard to observe, yet hide a tremendous amount of information on the origin and early evolution of galaxies. They thus allow astronomers to address some of the most topical problems, such as gaseous and satellite accretion, radial migration, and merging. The book is published in conjunction with the celebration of the end of the four-year DAGAL project, an EU-funded initial training network, and with a major international conference on the topic held in March 2016 in Toledo. It thus reflects not only the views of the experts, but also the scientific discussions and progress achieved during the project and the meeting. The reviews in the book describe the most modern observations of the outer regions of our own Galaxy, and of galaxies in the local and high-redshift Universe. They tackle disks, haloes, streams, and accretion as observed through deep imaging and spectroscopy, and guide the reader through the various formation and evolution scenarios for galaxies. The reviews focus on the major open questions in the field, and explore how they can be tackled in the future. This book provides a unique entry point into the field for graduate students and non-specialists, and serves as a reference work for researchers in this exciting new field.

Author : Royal Entomological Society of London. Symposium
Publisher : CABI
Page : 471 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2007-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781845932541

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Insect Conservation Biology by Royal Entomological Society of London. Symposium Pdf

These proceedings contain papers on insect conservation biology that are classified under 3 themes: (1) the current status of insect conservation, and major avenues for progress and hindrances (6 papers); (2) insects as model organisms in conservation biology (6 papers); and (3) future directions in insect conservation biology (6 papers).

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Biodiversity
ISBN : UCSD:31822020655288

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Measuring and Monitoring Biological Diversity by Anonim Pdf

"Provides a comprehensive manual for designing and implementing inventories of mammalian biodiversity anywhere in the world and for any group, from rodents to open-country grazers." -- Back cover.