Megaliths Of The Vera Island In The Southern Urals
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The Megaliths of Vera Island in the Southern Urals by Stanislav Grigoriev,Yulia Vasina Pdf
The largest and brightest megalithic complex in Russia’s Ural Mountains is located on Vera Island, represented by three chambered megaliths and sanctuaries of the Eneolithic period (mid-4th - 3rd millennium BC). The oldest samples of stone sculpture in the Urals have been revealed within this complex.
Megaliths of the Vera Island in the Southern Urals by Stanislav Grigoriev,Yulia Vasina Pdf
The largest and brightest megalithic complex in Russia's Ural Mountains is located on Vera Island, represented by three chambered megaliths and sanctuaries of the Eneolithic period (mid-4th - 3rd millennium BC). The oldest samples of stone sculpture in the Urals have been revealed within this complex.
Metallurgical Production in Northern Eurasia in the Bronze Age by Stanislav Grigoriev Pdf
Copper is the first metal to play a large part in human history. This work is devoted to the history of metallurgical production in Northern Eurasia during the Bronze Age, based on experiments carried out by the author and analyses of ancient slag, ore and metal.
The Races of Man: An Outline of Anthropology and Ethnography by Joseph Deniker Pdf
THE innumerable groups of mankind, massed together or scattered, according to the varying nature of the earth’s surface, are far from presenting a homogeneous picture. Every country has its own variety of physical type, language, manners, and customs. Thus, in order to exhibit a systematic view of all the peoples of the earth, it is necessary to observe a certain order in the study of these varieties, and to define carefully what is meant by such and such a descriptive term, having reference either to the physical type or to the social life of men. This we shall do in the subsequent chapters as we proceed to develop this slight sketch of the chief general facts of the physical and psychical life of man, and of the most striking social phenomena of the groups of mankind. But there are some general terms which are of more importance than others, and their meaning should be clearly understood from the first. I refer to expressions like “people,” “nation,” “tribe,” “race,” “species,” in short, all the designations of the different groupings, real or theoretic, of human beings. Having defined them, we shall by so doing define the object of our studies. Since ethnography and anthropology began to exist as sciences, an attempt has been made to determine and establish the great groups amongst which humanity might be divided. A considerable diversity of opinion, however, exists among leading scientific men not only as to the number of these groups, of these “primordial divisions” of the human race, but, above all, as to the very nature of these groups. Their significance, most frequently, is very vaguely indicated. In zoology, when we proceed to classify, we have to do with beings which, in spite of slight individual differences, are easily grouped around a certain number of types, with well-defined characters, called “species.” An animal can always be found which will represent the “type” of its species. In all the great zoological collections there exist these “species-types,” to which individuals may be compared in order to decide if they belong to the supposed species. We have then in zoology a real substratum for the determination of species, those primordial units which are grouped afterwards in genera, families, orders, etc.
Maps of the Ancient Sea Kings by Charles H. Hapgood Pdf
Hapgood utilizes ancient maps as concrete evidence of an advanced worldwide civilization existing many thousands of years before ancient Egypt. Hapgood concluded that these ancient mapmakers were in some ways much more advanced in mapmaking than any people prior to the 18th century. Hapgood believes that they mapped all the continents. This would mean that the Americas were mapped thousands of years before Columbus. Antarctica would have been mapped when its coasts were free of ice. Hapgood supposes that there is evidence that these people must have lived when the Ice Age had not yet ended in the Northern Hemisphere and when Alaska was still connected with Siberia by the Pleistocene, Ice Age 'land bridge'.
Heritage Sites of Astronomy and Archaeoastronomy in the Context of the UNESCO World Heritage Convention by Clive L. N. Ruggles Pdf
This Thematic Study is a joint venture between ICOMOS, the advisory body to UNESCO on cultural sites, and the International Astronomical Union. It presents an overall vision on astronomical heritage, attempts to identify what constitutes "outstanding universal significance to humankind" in relation to astronomy, and identifies broad issues that could arise in the assessment of cultural properties relating to astronomy. This is the first Thematic Study in any field of science heritage. It is elaborated using examples of properties from around the world, including some already on the World Heritage List or national Tentative Lists. The subject matter ranges from early prehistory to modern astrophysics and space heritage, and also prominently includes dark sky issues and modern observatory sites. An e-version of the Thematic Study was published in June 2010 in time to be presented to the 2010 meeting of UNESCO's World Heritage Committee, where it was duly approved. It has been circulated officially by the WHC to all of UNESCO's National Commissions. This full-colour paperback edition with some updates, and reformatted to new ICOMOS standards, was published in 2011 and is now offered for public sale.
In Northern Mists (Vol. 1&2) by Fridtjof Nansen Pdf
"In Northern Mists" is one of the best-known works by a Norwegian explorer Fridtjof Nansen. This carefully crafted DigiCat ebook is formatted for your eReader with a functional and detailed table of contents. Volume 1: Antiquity, Before Pytheas Pytheas of Massalia: the Voyage to Thule Antiquity, After Pytheas The Early Middle Ages The Awakening of Mediæval Knowledge of the North Finns, Skridfinns (Lapps), and the First Settlement of Scandinavia The Voyages of the Norsemen: Discovery of Iceland and Greenland Voyages to the Uninhabited Parts of Greenland in the Middle Ages Wineland the Good, the Fortunate Isles, and the Discovery of America... Volume 2: Wineland the Good, the Fortunate Isles, and the Discovery of America Eskimo and Skræling The Decline of the Norse Settlements in Greenland Expeditions of the Norwegians to the White Sea, Voyages in the Polar Sea, Whaling and Sealing The North in Maps and Geographical Works of the Middle Ages John Cabot and the English Discovery of North America The Portuguese Discoveries in the North-West...
A Comprehensive Outline of World History by Jack E. Maxfield Pdf
This free PDF textbook presents Jack E. Maxfield's "A Comprehensive Outline of World History" as originally organized, chronologically by era and across regions within an era. Each chapter covers a period of historical time (e.g. a century). Sections
Africa, the Cradle of Human Diversity by Anonim Pdf
This book explores important chapters of past and recent African history from a multidisciplinary perspective. It covers an extensive time range from the evolution of early humans to the complex cultural and genetic diversity of modern-day populations in Africa. Through a comprehensive list of chapters, the book focuses on different time-periods, geographic regions and cultural and biological aspects of human diversity across the continent. Each chapter summarises current knowledge with perspectives from a varied set of international researchers from diverse areas of expertise. The book provides a valuable resource for scholars interested in evolutionary history and human diversity in Africa. Contributors are Shaun Aron, Ananyo Choudhury, Bernard Clist, Cesar Fortes-Lima, Rosa Fregel, Jackson S. Kimambo, Faye Lander , Marlize Lombard, Fidelis T. Masao, Ezekia Mtetwa, Gilbert Pwiti, Michèle Ramsay, Thembi Russell, Carina Schlebusch, Dhriti Sengupta, Plan Shenjere-Nyabezi, Mário Vicente.
A Little Corner of Freedom by Douglas R. Weiner Pdf
While researching Russia's historical efforts to protect nature, Douglas Weiner unearthed unexpected findings: a trail of documents that raised fundamental questions about the Soviet political system. These surprising documents attested to the unlikely survival of a critical-minded, scientist-led movement through the Stalin years and beyond. It appeared that, within scientific societies, alternative visions of land use, resrouce exploitation, habitat protection, and development were sustained and even publicly advocated. In sharp contrast to known Soviet practices, these scientific societies prided themselves on their traditions of free elections, foreign contacts, and a pre-revolutionary heritage. Weiner portrays nature protection activists not as do-or-die resisters to the system, nor as inoffensive do-gooders. Rather, they took advantage of an unpoliced realm of speech and activity and of the patronage by middle-level Soviet officials to struggle for a softer path to development. In the process, they defended independent social and professional identities in the face of a system that sought to impose official models of behavior, ethics, and identity for all. Written in a lively style, this absorbing story tells for the first time how organized participation in nature protection provided an arena for affirming and perpetuating self-generated social identities in the USSR and preserving a counterculture whose legacy survives today.
The Times Atlas of World History by Geoffrey Barraclough Pdf
Originally published in 1982, this atlas of world history - like its parent volume, 'The Times' Atlas of World History - combines original maps with text, and offers a comprehensive view of the story of humanity. From the emergence of the first hominids five million years ago to the collapse of the Soviet Union, the full sweep of human history is covered. This atlas makes a companion for anyone who seeks to understand the past, and is useful as a reference for all who study and enjoy history.
Presents evidence to support the author's woman-centered interpretation of prehistoric civilizations, considering the prehistoric goddesses, gods and religion, and discussing the living goddesses--deities which have continued to be venerated through the modern era.
