Meningitis

Author : Rodrigo Hasbun
Publisher : Springer
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2018-07-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319926780

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Meningitis and Encephalitis by Rodrigo Hasbun Pdf

Meningitis and Encephalitis are associated with high rates of mortality and neurological sequelae. The differential diagnosis includes a wide spectrum of infectious and non-infectious etiologies, some requiring urgent therapy for survival. The current management challenges in patients with meningitis and encephalitis include a low sensitivity of meningeal signs, overutilization of unnecessary screening cranial imaging, delays in diagnosis of urgent treatable causes, a large proportion of unknown etiologies, low sensitivity of current microbiological techniques especially in the setting of previous antibiotic therapy, underutilization of available molecular diagnostic tests, and empiric antibiotic therapy and hospitalization for viral meningitis cases. Even though there are published guidelines, compliance with them is not optimal and physicians do not follow standardized algorithms in their empirical approach. As meningitis and encephalitis is associated with high rates of adverse clinical outcomes, prevention, when feasible is of upmost importance. Adherence to protocols to prevent health-care associated meningitis and ventriculitis are effective but compliance with them is not uniformly performed. This book seeks to improve outcomes for meningitis and encephalitis cases handled by physicians who may or may not be thoroughly trained for these challenges. The text introduces the current guidelines but also discusses the gaps that leave clinicians struggling to implement the most appropriate approaches for these particular neurological infections. Each chapter delivers the tools necessary to identify and adhere to the most appropriate diagnostic technique, management protocols, and prevention approach for each situation. All chapters conclude with discourse on future directions in research and quality improvement. Written by experts in infectious diseases, the book covers topics that are the most devastating, including healthcare-acquired infections, autoimmune encephalitis, and infections as they present in HIV patients. Meningitis and Encephalitis is a well-rounded resource for all medical professionals encountering these neurological syndromes, including infectious disease specialists, neurologists, primary care physicians, and immunologists.

Author : James M. Stuart
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2021
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3036518088

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Bacterial Meningitis by James M. Stuart Pdf

This timely collection of expert papers draws attention to the global burden of meningitis and the challenges faced by the WHO's roadmap to defeat meningitis by 2030. The three main goals of the meningitis roadmap are to eliminate epidemics of bacterial meningitis, reduce cases and deaths from vaccine-preventable bacterial meningitis, and reduce disability and improve quality of life after meningitis of any cause. This book includes a wide range of original research and reviews on epidemiology and vaccination of bacterial meningitis that have direct relevance to advancing the goals of the roadmap.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 28 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Encephalitis
ISBN : IND:30000129333146

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Meningitis and Encephalitis by Anonim Pdf

Author : Richard Moxon
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2021-06-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781786349897

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Brain Fever: How Vaccines Prevent Meningitis And Other Killer Diseases by Richard Moxon Pdf

In Brain Fever, the internationally renowned medical scientist, Richard Moxon FRS, shares his experiences of bacterial meningitis, a fearful and devastating infection of the brain. In a clear, non-technical style, he explains what meningitis is, what causes it, who gets it and how research has come up with vaccines that can prevent it.A paediatrician, Moxon engages the reader in a compelling story of how chance, opportunity and passion drew him into researching the bacteria that are the dangerous assassins of unsuspecting, previously healthy people, especially young children. Moxon traces the story of his involvement as one of the extraordinary and inspiring group of scientists who pioneered a milestone in medical history: the development of vaccines to prevent bacterial meningitis.In this must-read book, Brain Fever provides expert insight into what it takes to develop a vaccine. As we are learning from the COVID-19 pandemic, it is vaccines that we rely on to fight and overcome the devastation caused by virulent pathogens. His message is clear and challenging: no other intervention in the history of medicine confers a greater public health benefit than immunisation.This book is a 2022 Nautilus Book Awards winner.This book is a 2021 Best Book Award-Winning Finalist (sponsored by American Book Fest).Related Link(s)

Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee to Review Adverse Effects of Vaccines
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 894 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2012-04-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309214353

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Adverse Effects of Vaccines by Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Committee to Review Adverse Effects of Vaccines Pdf

In 1900, for every 1,000 babies born in the United States, 100 would die before their first birthday, often due to infectious diseases. Today, vaccines exist for many viral and bacterial diseases. The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act, passed in 1986, was intended to bolster vaccine research and development through the federal coordination of vaccine initiatives and to provide relief to vaccine manufacturers facing financial burdens. The legislation also intended to address concerns about the safety of vaccines by instituting a compensation program, setting up a passive surveillance system for vaccine adverse events, and by providing information to consumers. A key component of the legislation required the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to collaborate with the Institute of Medicine to assess concerns about the safety of vaccines and potential adverse events, especially in children. Adverse Effects of Vaccines reviews the epidemiological, clinical, and biological evidence regarding adverse health events associated with specific vaccines covered by the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program (VICP), including the varicella zoster vaccine, influenza vaccines, the hepatitis B vaccine, and the human papillomavirus vaccine, among others. For each possible adverse event, the report reviews peer-reviewed primary studies, summarizes their findings, and evaluates the epidemiological, clinical, and biological evidence. It finds that while no vaccine is 100 percent safe, very few adverse events are shown to be caused by vaccines. In addition, the evidence shows that vaccines do not cause several conditions. For example, the MMR vaccine is not associated with autism or childhood diabetes. Also, the DTaP vaccine is not associated with diabetes and the influenza vaccine given as a shot does not exacerbate asthma. Adverse Effects of Vaccines will be of special interest to the National Vaccine Program Office, the VICP, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, vaccine safety researchers and manufacturers, parents, caregivers, and health professionals in the private and public sectors.

Author : Anthony L. Shrader
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Meningitis
ISBN : 1631171364

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Meningitis by Anthony L. Shrader Pdf

In this book the authors present current research in the study of meningitis. Topics discussed in this compilation include the drug induced aseptic meningitis; bacterial meningitis; the role of prophylactic antibiotics in posttraumatic meningitis; meningitis associated with auto-immune diseases; sepsis and bacteremia, meningitis, influenza infection, and infectious diarrhoea.

Author : Brian Shmaefsky,Hilary Babcock
Publisher : Infobase Publishing
Page : 121 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Meningitis
ISBN : 9781438132167

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Meningitis by Brian Shmaefsky,Hilary Babcock Pdf

Examines meningitis, a potentially deadly disease that comes in the form of a virus or bacteria.

Author : Janet R. Gilsdorf
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2019-10-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780190677336

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Continual Raving by Janet R. Gilsdorf Pdf

Not all scientific discoveries are genius. Continual Raving tells the combined stories of how scientists across the 19th and 20th centuries defeated meningitis -- not through flawless scientific research, but often through a series of serendipitous events, misplaced assumptions, and flawed conclusions. The result is a story of not just a vanquished disease, but how scientific accomplishment sometimes occurs where it's least expected. Although symptoms of meningitis were recorded as early as Hippocrates and the ancient Greeks, our understanding of the disease's origins and mechanisms remained obscure for most of human history. That changed in 1892, when German physician Richard Pfeiffer observed and isolated bacteria ultimately shown to cause meningitis in children -- and concluded that those bacteria cause influenza. Haemophilus influenzae, as thee meningitis-causing bacteria have been erroneously named ever since, continued their strange journey to discovery in the decades that followed. Continual Raving traces the disease's strange encounters with science, including: · Heinrich Quincke, the German internist who first used a needle to draw spinal fluid from between a patient's back bones · Simon Flexner's management of American meningitis epidemics using immune serum from a horse · American bacteriologist Margaret Pittman's discovery (during the Great Depression, no less) of a sugar overcoat that protects the bacteria from white blood cells · Pediatrician Ashley Weech, who gave the first antibiotic used in America (based on instructions written in German) to a young patient sick with meningitis · Microbiologist Hattie Alexander, who learned why these antibiotics sometimes fail in such patients · Four scientists, in two teams, as they vied to be the first to create the right vaccine to prevent meningitis in infants In each of these deeply human stories, variables of chance, circumstance, and incorrect assumptions intervene to shape not just the arc of the scientists' lives, but the trajectory of how humans have come to understand one of our most pernicious diseases. Continual Raving is a mosaic tale of how science conquered meningitis -- and a larger story of the sometimes winding road to discovery.

Author : Karen L. Roos,Allan R. Tunkel
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 293 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2010-03-03
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780444520159

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Bacterial Infections of the Central Nervous System by Karen L. Roos,Allan R. Tunkel Pdf

Bacterial Infections of the Central Nervous System aims to provide information useful to physicians taking care of patients with bacterial infections in the central nervous system (CNS), which can lead to morbidity and mortality. The increased number of patients suffering from this infection has led to the development of vaccines and antibiotics. Comprised of four chapters, the book explains the general approach to patients with bacterial CNS infection. It also discusses various CNS infection concepts and terms. These include the characteristic neuroimaging appearance of specific bacterial infections, the limitations of neuroimaging, the cerebrospinal fluid analysis, the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of bacterial CNS infections, the developments of specific adjunctive strategies, and the principles of antimicrobial therapy. It also includes discussions on various diseases that target the CNS, such as meningitis, focal CNS infections, neurological complications of endocarditis, suppurative venous sinus thrombosis, infections in the neurosurgical patient, and CNS diseases caused by selected infectious agents and toxins. This book will serve as a guide for clinical physicians who have patients suffering from bacterial CNS infection.

Author : Diana E. Lang
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2014-12
Category : Allergy
ISBN : 1634632257

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Bacterial Meningitis by Diana E. Lang Pdf

Despite advances in medical care, improvement of anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory therapy and worldwide immunisation programs, bacterial meningitis is still responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries. A worldwide reported mortality rate from bacterial meningitis continue to be high, ranging between 2% to 30%. Twenty percent of survivors develop neurological sequelae. During the last decades, the disease epidemiology has changed dramatically in the countries that implemented the conjugate vaccines against the most common meningeal pathogens. Also in developing countries, gradual changes have been observed in the epidemiology of bacterial meningitis that are unrelated to the introduction of new vaccines, but are partly due to the improvement of living conditions. This book examines the modes of transmission of bacterial meningitis, as well as the clinical characteristics, and treatment options.

Author : Rene Germanier
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323140218

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Bacterial Vaccines by Rene Germanier Pdf

Bacterial Vaccines provides information dealing with vaccination of man against bacterial diseases. This book emphasizes the description, composition, production, and control of the vaccines, as well as vaccine benefits and drawbacks. Organized into 14 chapters, this book contains a description of the etiological agent, particularly with respect to its antigenic composition, and also of the pathogenesis of the disease and the immune mechanisms acting against it. The chapters are separated according to the disease they describe, which include diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, cholera, typhoid fever, shigellosis, Escherichia coli infections, meningococcal meningitis, pneumococcal infections, Haemophilus influenzae type b infections, Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, gonorrhea, tuberculosis, and leprosy. This book will provide the reader with a comprehensive survey of vaccination of man against bacterial diseases. It is intended for those involved in vaccine development, production, and control.

Author : Daniel Y. F. Chung,Dipanjali Mondal,Erskine J. Holmes,Rakesh Misra
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 233 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2012-04-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780521279536

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Emergency Cross-sectional Radiology by Daniel Y. F. Chung,Dipanjali Mondal,Erskine J. Holmes,Rakesh Misra Pdf

Practical, highly illustrated, rapid reference presenting salient imaging findings for a wide range of emergency conditions.

Author : Connie Goldsmith
Publisher : Twenty-First Century Books
Page : 132 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2007-07-31
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 9780822570349

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Meningitis by Connie Goldsmith Pdf

Describes meningitis and how it can be prevented or treated.

Author : David Salisbury,Mary Ramsay,Karen Noakes
Publisher : The Stationery Office
Page : 486 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2006-12-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0113225288

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Immunisation against infectious diseases by David Salisbury,Mary Ramsay,Karen Noakes Pdf

This is the third edition of this publication which contains the latest information on vaccines and vaccination procedures for all the vaccine preventable infectious diseases that may occur in the UK or in travellers going outside of the UK, particularly those immunisations that comprise the routine immunisation programme for all children from birth to adolescence. It is divided into two sections: the first section covers principles, practices and procedures, including issues of consent, contraindications, storage, distribution and disposal of vaccines, surveillance and monitoring, and the Vaccine Damage Payment Scheme; the second section covers the range of different diseases and vaccines.

Author : Adel E. Ahmed Ganaw,Nissar Shaikh,Nabil A. Shallik,Marco Abraham E. Marcus
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2021-11-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030813338

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Management of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage by Adel E. Ahmed Ganaw,Nissar Shaikh,Nabil A. Shallik,Marco Abraham E. Marcus Pdf

This book focuses on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), describing in detail the neurophysiology, anatomy, epidemiology, grading, anesthesia management, coiling and interventional treatment of this dangerous disease. Written by leading international experts, it highlights the state-of-the-art techniques for the diagnosis and treatment (non-surgical and surgical) of SAH and the clinical variations. It also examines the reliability of the new techniques versus the standard clinical methods to predict problems related to SAH and its recent diagnosis and management. The book starts with a brief discussion of the epidemiology of SAH, cerebral circulation, anatomy of brain blood vessels and neurophysiology related to this fatal disease. Then, in the following chapters it covers grading of subarachnoid hemorrhage, anesthesia management of SAH, treatment, subarachnoid hemorrhage coiling and radiological intervention. Lastly, it explores surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms in more detail, and addresses complications, critical care management and headache in SAH, traumatic SAH and prognosis. Featuring numerous images, tables, schema, illustrations and videos, the book is intended for junior and senior anesthesiologists, neuroscientists, intervention radiologists, intensivists and neurosurgeons.