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Since its commercialization in 1971, the microprocessor, a modern and integrated form of the central processing unit, has continuously broken records in terms of its integrated functions, computing power, low costs and energy saving status. Today, it is present in almost all electronic devices. Sound knowledge of its internal mechanisms and programming is essential for electronics and computer engineers to understand and master computer operations and advanced programming concepts. This book in five volumes focuses more particularly on the first two generations of microprocessors, those that handle 4- and 8- bit integers. Microprocessor 4 – the fourth of five volumes – addresses the software aspects of this component. Coding of an instruction, addressing modes and the main features of the Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) of a generic component are presented. Futhermore, two approaches are discussed for altering the flow of execution using mechanisms of subprogram and interrupt. A comprehensive approach is used, with examples drawn from current and past technologies that illustrate theoretical concepts, making them accessible.
Microprocessor 8086 : Architecture, Programming and Interfacing by Mathur Sunil Pdf
Primarily intended for the undergraduate students of electronics and communication engineering, computer science and engineering, and information technology, this book skilfully integrates both the hardware and software aspects of the 8086 microprocessor. It offers the students an up-to-date account of the state-of-the-art microprocessors and therefore can be regarded as an incomparable source of information on recently developed microprocessor chips. The book covers the advanced microprocessor architecture of the Intel microprocessor family, from 8086 to Pentium 4. The text is organized in four parts. Part I (Chapters 1-7) includes a detailed description of the architecture, organization, instruction set, and assembler directives of microprocessor 8086. Part II (Chapters 8-11) discusses the math coprocessor, multiprocessing and multiprogramming, the different types of data transfer schemes, and memory concepts. Part III (Chapters 12-15) covers programmable interfacing chips with the help of extensive interfacing examples. Part IV (Chapters 16-18) deals with advanced processors--from 80186 to Pentium 4. This well-organized and student-friendly text should prone to be an invaluable asset to the students as well as the practising engineers. KEY FEATURES: Gives elaborate programming examples to develop the analytical ability of students. Provides solved examples covering different types of typical interfacing problems to develop the practical skills of students. Furnishes chapter-end exercises to reinforce the understanding of the subject.
Microprocessor and Interfacing by Atul P. Godse,Dr. Deepali A. Godse Pdf
The book provides comprehensive coverage of the hardware and software aspects of the 8085 microprocessor. It also introduces advanced processors from Intel family, SUN SPARC microprocessor and ARM Processor. The book teaches you the 8085 architecture, instruction set, machine cycles and timing diagrams, Assembly Language Programming (ALP), Interrupts, interfacing 8085 with support chips, memory and peripheral ICs - 8255 and 8259. The book explains the features, architecture, memory addressing, operating modes, addressing modes of Intel 8086, 80286, 80386 microprocessors, segmentation, paging and protection mechanism provided by 80386 microprocessor and the features of 80486 and Pentium Processors. It also explains the architecture of SUN SPARC microprocessor and ARM Processor.
Microprocessor Theory and Applications with 68000/68020 and Pentium by M. Rafiquzzaman Pdf
MICROPROCESSOR THEORY AND APPLICATIONS WITH 68000/68020 AND PENTIUM A SELF-CONTAINED INTRODUCTION TO MICROPROCESSOR THEORY AND APPLICATIONS This book presents the fundamental concepts of assembly language programming and system design associated with typical microprocessors, such as the Motorola MC68000/68020 and Intel® Pentium®. It begins with an overview of microprocessors—including an explanation of terms, the evolution of the microprocessor, and typical applications—and goes on to systematically cover: Microcomputer architecture Microprocessor memory organization Microprocessor Input/Output (I/O) Microprocessor programming concepts Assembly language programming with the 68000 68000 hardware and interfacing Assembly language programming with the 68020 68020 hardware and interfacing Assembly language programming with Pentium Pentium hardware and interfacing The author assumes a background in basic digital logic, and all chapters conclude with a Questions and Problems section, with selected answers provided at the back of the book. Microprocessor Theory and Applications with 68000/68020 and Pentium is an ideal textbook for undergraduate- and graduate-level courses in electrical engineering, computer engineering, and computer science. (An instructor’s manual is available upon request.) It is also appropriate for practitioners in microprocessor system design who are looking for simplified explanations and clear examples on the subject. Additionally, the accompanying Website, which contains step-by-step procedures for installing and using Ide 68k21 (68000/68020) and MASM32 / Olly Debugger (Pentium) software, provides valuable simulation results via screen shots.
Designed for an undergraduate course on the 8085 microprocessor, this text provides comprehensive coverage of the programming and interfacing of the 8-bit microprocessor. Written in a simple and easy-to-understand manner, this book introduces the reader to the basics and the architecture of the 8085 microprocessor. It presents balanced coverage of both hardware and software concepts related to the microprocessor.
Each topic is well explained by illustration and photographs. The book covers basic microprocessors to advanced processors in a consistent progression from theoretical concept to design considerations. The operation of various microprocessors is described with the help of pin diagram, functional diagram and timing diagrams. A large number of working programs, problem, and the each chapter are summarized in the end.
While writing this treatise,I have constantly kept in mind the requirments of all the students regarding the latest as well as changing trend of their examinations.To make it really useful for the students,latest examination questions of various indian universities as well as other examinations bodies have been included.The Book has been written in easy style,with full details and illustrations.
Computer Fundamentals, Architecture & Organisation by B. Ram Pdf
The fourth edition of this widely used book includes several new topics to make the coverage more comprehensive and contemporary. The book presents an exhaustive and up-to-date exposition of CPUs, peripherals, supporting chips and bus standards. The cov
4- And 8-Bit Microprocessors, Architecture and History. by Patrick Stakem Pdf
This book surveys the history and architecture of 8-bit microprocessors. We actually start with 4-bit microprocessors, look at a strange 1-bit processor, and look at 8-bit, then 12 bit micros. The 16-bit processors will be the subject of another book. Eight bit processors are still manufactured and used. This book is not an exhaustive view of the field, but the major players are covered. There is a review of computer architecture, binary math, and digital logic that can be skipped. The evolution of the 8-bit processors is a history of the advance of semiconductor technology from the first transistors, to the breakthrough of multiple transistors on a chip, the integrated circuit. A lot of this happened when the "Silicon Valley" of northern California was mostly known for its citrus crops. The tools that made all this happen were large mainframe computers with vacuum tube technology, punched card input, and memory drums with the staggering capacity of a thousand words. The growth of the integrated circuit shows what Gordon Moore observed was an exponential growth law: the complexity increased about every 18 months. Naturally, this growth rate is not sustainable forever. But, in the age of multi-core 64 bit microprocessor systems on a chip, so far, so good. Modern computers started out using relays and vacuum tubes, switching to mechanical relays for switching elements. The semiconductor revolution provided diodes for logic functions, and transistors for switching. As the technology allowed for putting multiple transistors and other elements on a single substrate, the integrated circuit began to be widely used. The complexity of the devices increased according to an exponential growth law, the technology feeding upon itself. This allowed for functions such as an arithmetic-logic unit to occupy one chip. Then, at around 4,000 transistors capacity, an entire 4-bit cpu that executed instructions. Not much later came the 8-bit cpu. Memory and I/O functions also benefited from the increasingly complex solid state-electronics. glossary, bibliography, and pictures are included. The author built an Intel 8080-based Altair 8800 computer in 1975. He went to the Big Computer Faire in Atlantic City, and saw two guys, both named Steve, from California, with a wooden-cased project that probably wasn't going to go anywhere commercially. His Aerospace career has revolved around support for space-based microprocessors and computers for NASA since 1971. Mr. Stakem received a Bachelor's Degree in Electrical Engineering from Carnegie Mellon University, and masters in Physics and Computer Science from the Johns Hopkins University. He has followed a career as a NASA support contractor, working at every NASA Site. He is associated with the Graduate Computer Science Department at Loyola University in Maryland, and the Whiting School of Engineering of the Johns Hopkins University Another book by the author discusses 16-bit microporcessors.
Calculation is the main function of a computer. The central unit is responsible for executing the programs. The microprocessor is its integrated form. This component, since the announcement of its marketing in 1971, has not stopped breaking records in terms of computing power, price reduction and integration of functions (calculation of basic functions, storage with integrated controllers). It is present today in most electronic devices. Knowing its internal mechanisms and programming is essential for the electronics engineer and computer scientist to understand and master the operation of a computer and advanced concepts of programming. This first volume focuses more particularly on the first generations of microprocessors, that is to say those that handle integers in 4 and 8-bit formats. The first chapter presents the calculation function and reminds the memory function. The following is devoted to notions of calculation model and architecture. The concept of bus is then presented. Chapters 4 and 5 can then address the internal organization and operation of the microprocessor first in hardware and then software. The mechanism of the function call, conventional and interrupted, is more particularly detailed in a separate chapter. The book ends with a presentation of architectures of the first microcomputers for a historical perspective. The knowledge is presented in the most exhaustive way possible with examples drawn from current and old technologies that illustrate and make accessible the theoretical concepts. Each chapter ends if necessary with corrected exercises and a bibliography. The list of acronyms used and an index are at the end of the book.