Micrornas In Plant Development And Stress Responses

Author : Ramanjulu Sunkar
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2012-02-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642273841

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MicroRNAs in Plant Development and Stress Responses by Ramanjulu Sunkar Pdf

Precise regulation of gene expression in both time and space is vital to plant growth, development and adaptation to biotic and abiotic stress conditions. This is achieved by multiple mechanisms, with perhaps the most important control being exerted at the level of transcription. However, with the recent discovery of microRNAs another ubiquitous mode of gene regulation that occurs at the post-transcriptional level has been identified. MicroRNAs can silence gene expression by targeting complementary or partially complementary mRNAs for degradation or translational inhibition. Recent studies have revealed that microRNAs play fundamental roles in plant growth and development, as well as in adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses. This book highlights the roles of individual miRNAs that control and regulate diverse aspects of plant processes.

Author : Deepu Pandita,Anu Pandita
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 584 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2023-07-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000919080

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Plant MicroRNAs and Stress Response by Deepu Pandita,Anu Pandita Pdf

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (20–24 nt), single stranded, regulatory RNA molecules or gene regulators of critical transcriptional or post-transcriptional gene regulation in plants in sequence-specific order that respond to numerous abiotic stresses and animals, non-coding, highly evolutionarily conserved and widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom. MiRNAs are master regulators of plant growth and development, development attenuation under various environmental stresses by stress-responsive miRNAs and plant stress responses and tolerance. Drought, salinity, heat, cold, UV radiation, heavy metal, pathogens, pests and other microbial infections affect survival, growth, development, quality, yield, and production of plants. Stress induced miRNAs down regulate their target miRNAs. This down regulation leads to the accumulation and function of positive regulators, highlighting their roles in stress responses and tolerance. Plant miRNA mediated modifications include overexpression or repression of stress-responsive miRNAs and/or their target complementary or partially complementary gene products, miRNA-resistant target genes, target-mimics and artificial miRNAs. Thus, miRNAs may serve as "genomic gold mines", novel, potent and potential targets in plant genetic manipulations and miRNA-based biotechnology will aid plant improvement and crop-plant tolerance to different environmental stresses. This book reviews our recent understanding of plant microRNAs, biogenesis and functions, computational tools and bioinformatics, regulation of plant growth and development, expression studies, and the role of plant miRNAs in various biotic and abiotic stress-response regulation in plants.

Author : Célia Miguel,Tamas Dalmay,Inês Chaves
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2020-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030357726

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Plant microRNAs by Célia Miguel,Tamas Dalmay,Inês Chaves Pdf

This book summarizes the latest findings on the functions of microRNAs in the regulation of plant development and responses to the surrounding environment. MicroRNAs are an important class of molecules that can be found in diverse groups of organisms, including plants and animals, and the investigation of their roles is a highly dynamic and “hot” research topic. The respective chapters address four main aspects, namely: microRNA investigation and annotation, the regulatory roles of microRNAs in various developmental processes, in response to abiotic factors, and in the context of biotic stress response regulation. Systematically reviewing the most important findings in this field, the book offers an essential guide for undergraduate and graduate students, teachers, and plant science researchers. Due to the potential applications of microRNAs in crop breeding and plant protection, it also represents a valuable resource for scientists in academia and the private sector alike.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : MicroRNA.
ISBN : 3030357732

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Plant MicroRNAs by Anonim Pdf

This book summarizes the latest findings on the functions of microRNAs in the regulation of plant development and responses to the surrounding environment. MicroRNAs are an important class of molecules that can be found in diverse groups of organisms, including plants and animals, and the investigation of their roles is a highly dynamic and "hot" research topic. The respective chapters address four main aspects, namely: microRNA investigation and annotation, the regulatory roles of microRNAs in various developmental processes, in response to abiotic factors, and in the context of biotic stress response regulation. Systematically reviewing the most important findings in this field, the book offers an essential guide for undergraduate and graduate students, teachers, and plant science researchers. Due to the potential applications of microRNAs in crop breeding and plant protection, it also represents a valuable resource for scientists in academia and the private sector alike.

Author : Stefan de Folter
Publisher : Humana Press
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2019-01-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 1493990411

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Plant MicroRNAs by Stefan de Folter Pdf

This detailed volume provides a collection of protocols for the study of miRNA functions in plants. Beginning with coverage of miRNA function, biogenesis, activity, and evolution in plants, the book continues by guiding readers through methods on the identification and detection of plant miRNAs, bioinformatic analyses, and strategies for functional analyses of miRNAs. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Plant MicroRNAs: Method and Protocols aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital area of plant science.

Author : Mirza Hasanuzzaman,Khalid Rehman Hakeem,Kamrun Nahar,Hesham F. Alharby
Publisher : Springer
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2019-04-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030061180

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Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance by Mirza Hasanuzzaman,Khalid Rehman Hakeem,Kamrun Nahar,Hesham F. Alharby Pdf

Plants have to manage a series of environmental stresses throughout their entire lifespan. Among these, abiotic stress is the most detrimental; one that is responsible for nearly 50% of crop yield reduction and appears to be a potential threat to global food security in coming decades. Plant growth and development reduces drastically due to adverse effects of abiotic stresses. It has been estimated that crop can exhibit only 30% of their genetic potentiality under abiotic stress condition. So, this is a fundamental need to understand the stress responses to facilitate breeders to develop stress resistant and stress tolerant cultivars along with good management practices to withstand abiotic stresses. Also, a holistic approach to understanding the molecular and biochemical interactions of plants is important to implement the knowledge of resistance mechanisms under abiotic stresses. Agronomic practices like selecting cultivars that is tolerant to wide range of climatic condition, planting date, irrigation scheduling, fertilizer management could be some of the effective short-term adaptive tools to fight against abiotic stresses. In addition, “system biology” and “omics approaches” in recent studies offer a long-term opportunity at the molecular level in dealing with abiotic stresses. The genetic approach, for example, selection and identification of major conditioning genes by linkage mapping and quantitative trait loci (QTL), production of mutant genes and transgenic introduction of novel genes, has imparted some tolerant characteristics in crop varieties from their wild ancestors. Recently research has revealed the interactions between micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and plant stress responses exposed to salinity, freezing stress and dehydration. Accordingly transgenic approaches to generate stress-tolerant plant are one of the most interesting researches to date. This book presents the recent development of agronomic and molecular approaches in conferring plant abiotic stress tolerance in an organized way. The present volume will be of great interest among research students and teaching community, and can also be used as reference material by professional researchers.

Author : Lei Li,Xiuren Zhang,Xiaozeng Yang,Turgay Unver
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2022-09-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782832500521

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Roles and regulatory mechanisms of microRNA in plant development, evolution, and adaptation by Lei Li,Xiuren Zhang,Xiaozeng Yang,Turgay Unver Pdf

Author : Anthony A. Millar
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2020-05-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783039287307

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The Role of MicroRNAs in Plants by Anthony A. Millar Pdf

Discovered in plants at the turn of the century, microRNAs (miRNAs) have been found to be fundamental to many aspects of plant biology. These small (20–24 nt) regulatory RNAs are derived via processing from longer imperfect double-stranded RNAs. They are then incorporated into silencing complexes, which they guide to (m)RNAs of high sequence complementarity, resulting in gene silencing outcomes, either via RNA degradation and/or translational inhibition. Some miRNAs are ancient, being present in all species of land plants and controlling fundamental processes such as phase change, organ polarity, flowering, and leaf and root development. However, there are many more miRNAs that are much less conserved and with less understood functions. This Special Issue contains seven research papers that span from understanding the function of a single miRNA family to examining how the miRNA profiles alter during abiotic stress or nutrient deficiency. The possibility of circular RNAs in plants acting as miRNA decoys to inhibit miRNA function is investigated, as was the hierarchical roles of miRNA biogenesis factors in the maintenance of phosphate homeostasis. Three reviews cover the potential of miRNAs for agronomic improvement of maize, the role of miRNA-triggered secondary small RNAs in plants, and the potential function of an ancient plant miRNA.

Author : Dinesh Kumar Srivastava,Ajay Kumar Thakur,Pankaj Kumar
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 727 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2022-01-08
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789811623394

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Agricultural Biotechnology: Latest Research and Trends by Dinesh Kumar Srivastava,Ajay Kumar Thakur,Pankaj Kumar Pdf

This book caters to the need of researchers working in the ever-evolving field of agricultural biotechnology. It discusses and provides in-depth information about latest advancements happening in this field. The book discusses evolution of plant tissue culture techniques, development of doubled haploids technology, role of recombinant-DNA technology in crop improvement. It also provides an insight into the global status of genetically modified crops, use of RNAi technology and mi-RNAs in plant improvement. Chapters are also dedicated for different branches of ‘omics’ science including genomics, bioinformatics, proteomics, metabolomics and phenomics along with the use of molecular markers in tagging and mapping of various genes/QTLs of agronomic importance. This book also covers the role of enzymes and microbes in agriculture in productivity enhancement. It is of interest to teachers, researchers of biotechnology and agriculture scientists. Also the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and postgraduate students of biotechnology, agriculture, horticulture, forestry, ecology, soil science, and environmental sciences. National and international biotechnologists and agricultural scientists will also find this to be a useful read.

Author : Durgesh Kumar Tripathi,Vijay Pratap Singh,Devendra Kumar Chauhan,Shivesh Sharma,Sheo Mohan Prasad,Nawal Kishore Dubey,Naleeni Ramawat
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 1014 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2020-04-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128182055

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Plant Life under Changing Environment by Durgesh Kumar Tripathi,Vijay Pratap Singh,Devendra Kumar Chauhan,Shivesh Sharma,Sheo Mohan Prasad,Nawal Kishore Dubey,Naleeni Ramawat Pdf

Plant Life under Changing Environment: Responses and Management presents the latest insights, reflecting the significant progress that has been made in understanding plant responses to various changing environmental impacts, as well as strategies for alleviating their adverse effects, including abiotic stresses. Growing from a focus on plants and their ability to respond, adapt, and survive, Plant Life under Changing Environment: Responses and Management addresses options for mitigating those responses to ensure maximum health and growth. Researchers and advanced students in environmental sciences, plant ecophysiology, biochemistry, molecular biology, nano-pollution climate change, and soil pollution will find this an important foundational resource. Covers both responses and adaptation of plants to altered environmental states Illustrates the current impact of climate change on plant productivity, along with mitigation strategies Includes transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic and ionomic approaches

Author : Parvaiz Ahmad
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 784 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2016-06-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119054474

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Water Stress and Crop Plants by Parvaiz Ahmad Pdf

Plants are subjected to a variety of abiotic stresses such as drought, temperature, salinity, air pollution, heavy metals, UV radiations, etc. To survive under these harsh conditions plants are equipped with different resistance mechanisms which vary from species to species. Due to the environmental fluctuations agricultural and horticultural crops are often exposed to different environmental stresses leading to decreased yield and problems in the growth and development of the crops. Drought stress has been found to decrease the yield to an alarming rate of some important crops throughout the globe. During last few decades, lots of physiological and molecular works have been conducted under water stress in crop plants. Water Stress and Crop Plants: A Sustainable Approach presents an up-to-date in-depth coverage of drought and flooding stress in plants, including the types, causes and consequences on plant growth and development. It discusses the physiobiochemical, molecular and omic approaches, and responses of crop plants towards water stress. Topics include nutritional stress, oxidative stress, hormonal regulation, transgenic approaches, mitigation of water stress, approaches to sustainability, and modern tools and techniques to alleviate the water stress on crop yields. This practical book offers pragmatic guidance for scientists and researchers in plant biology, and agribusinesses and biotechnology companies dealing with agronomy and environment, to mitigate the negative effects of stress and improve yield under stress. The broad coverage also makes this a valuable guide enabling students to understand the physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of environmental stress in plants.

Author : Praveen Guleria,Vineet Kumar
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 638 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2020-02-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128173367

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Plant Small RNA by Praveen Guleria,Vineet Kumar Pdf

Plant Small RNA: Biogenesis, Regulation and Application describes the biosynthesis of small RNA in plant systems. With an emphasis on the various molecular mechanisms affected by small RNA and their applications in supporting plant growth and survival, this books presents the basics and most recent advancements in small RNA mediated plant genomics, metabolomics, proteomics and physiology. In addition, it emphasizes the various molecular mechanisms affected by small RNA and their applications in supporting plant growth and survival. Final sections cover the most recent advancements in small RNA mediated plant genomics, metabolomics, proteomics and physiology. Presents foundational information about small RNA biology and regulation in plants Includes small RNA pathway advances Describes the application and scope of small RNA technology for agricultural stability

Author : Shabir H. Wani,Vinay Kumar
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2020-04-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119432364

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Heat Stress Tolerance in Plants by Shabir H. Wani,Vinay Kumar Pdf

Demystifies the genetic, biochemical, physiological, and molecular mechanisms underlying heat stress tolerance in plants Heat stress—when high temperatures cause irreversible damage to plant function or development—severely impairs the growth and yield of agriculturally important crops. As the global population mounts and temperatures continue to rise, it is crucial to understand the biochemical, physiological, and molecular mechanisms of thermotolerance to develop ‘climate-smart’ crops. Heat Stress Tolerance in Plants provides a holistic, cross-disciplinary survey of the latest science in this important field. Presenting contributions from an international team of plant scientists and researchers, this text examines heat stress, its impact on crop plants, and various mechanisms to modulate tolerance levels. Topics include recent advances in molecular genetic approaches to increasing heat tolerance, the potential role of biochemical and molecular markers in screening germplasm for thermotolerance, and the use of next-generation sequencing to unravel the novel genes associated with defense and metabolite pathways. This insightful book: Places contemporary research on heat stress in plants within the context of global climate change and population growth Includes diverse analyses from physiological, biochemical, molecular, and genetic perspectives Explores various approaches to increasing heat tolerance in crops of high commercial value, such as cotton Discusses the applications of plant genomics in the development of thermotolerant ‘designer crops’ An important contribution to the field, Heat Stress Tolerance in Plants is an invaluable resource for scientists, academics, students, and researchers working in fields of pulse crop biochemistry, physiology, genetics, breeding, and biotechnology.

Author : Blake C. Meyers,Pamela J. Green
Publisher : Humana Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2012-08-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 1617796530

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Plant MicroRNAs by Blake C. Meyers,Pamela J. Green Pdf

MicroRNAs constitute a particularly important class of small RNAs given their abundance, broad phylogenetic conservation and strong regulatory effects, with plant miRNAs uniquely divulging their ancient evolutionary origins and their strong post-transcriptional regulatory effects. In Plant MicroRNAs: Methods and Protocols, experts in the field present chapters that focus on the identification, validation, and characterization of the miRNA class of RNAs, and address important aspects about heterochromatic small interfering RNAs. In addition, the methods contained in this volume emphasize miRNA analyses, but also include ways to distinguish one class of small RNAs from another. As a volume in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series, chapters include brief introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easy to use, Plant MicroRNAs: Methods and Protocols provides the research community with a set of protocols that will help advance vital miRNA research for all plant species, both in typical model species and non-model species alike.

Author : Y. P. Abrol,N. Raghuram,M. S. Sachdev
Publisher : I. K. International Pvt Ltd
Page : 553 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9788189866334

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Agricultural Nitrogen Use and Its Environmental Implications by Y. P. Abrol,N. Raghuram,M. S. Sachdev Pdf

Nitrogen fertilizers are the inescapable necessity to enhance agricultural production and to sustain food security. However, their inefficient use accrues from inherent limitations of the crop plants as well as the manner in which N fertilizers are formulated, applied and managed. Excessive accumulation of N in the environment leads to soil acidification, pollution of groundwater and eutrophication of surface water, posing a public health problem as well as ecosystem imbalance. Moreover, the ozone layer depletion and greenhouse effects of NOx gases have global implications. Agricultural Nitrogen Use: Environmental Implications provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary description of problems related to the efficient use of nitrogen in agriculture, in the overall context of the nitrogen cycle, its environmental and human health implications, as well as various approaches to improve N use efficiency. The book is presented in six sections: N Use, Flows and Cycling in Agricultural Systems; N Use Efficiency in Crop Ecosystems; Management Options and Strategies for Enhancing N Use Efficiency; Plant Physiological and Molecular Aspects of Enhancing N Use Efficiency; Role of Legumes and Biofertilizers in Agricultural N Economy; and Environmental and Human Health Implications.