Microtheory

Author : William J. Baumol
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0262022451

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Microtheory by William J. Baumol Pdf

This volume of seventeen previously published essays by William J. Baumol brings together work on the theory of contestable markets, welfare theory, antitrust, pricing, and the history of economic thought. Written between 1971 and 1983, they have sparked productive extensions and criticism in microeconomic theory and provide an engaging intellectual history of one of the leading figures in the field of economics. Baumol introduces each of the book's four parts, presenting his subsequent views on the subjects covered in the reprinted articles, including some important amendments.The book opens with an autobiographical essay that presents the intellectual climate of economics in the 1940s in which Kenneth Arrow, Frank Hahn, Martin Shubik, Otto Eckstein, and Gary Becker were beginning their careers. Baumol's introductory essays to the book's major sections take up the threads from this autobiographical piece and follow them to the development of concepts central to economic theory, applications, and methodology.Three essays in the first part provide an underpinning for the theory of contestable markets. In the second part five essays explore issues in welfare economics such as the role of diminishing and increasing returns may play the role of symmetric obstacles to Pareto optimality. Essays in the third part range from regulation and antitrust to urban economics to the Phillips curve and the pitfalls of using, in the analysis of real issues, dual values derived from linear models when the underlying reality is nonlinear. Those in the concluding part focus on the history of economic ideas such as the Smithian versus Marxian view of business morality and the social interest, the Marxian concept of value transformation, the iron law of wages, and Say's law.William J. Baumol is Professor of Economics by joint appointment at Princeton University and New York University.

Author : William J. Baumol
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2010-07-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781400835225

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The Microtheory of Innovative Entrepreneurship by William J. Baumol Pdf

An authoritative look at the microeconomics of entrepreneurship Entrepreneurs are widely recognized for the vital contributions they make to economic growth and general welfare, yet until fairly recently entrepreneurship was not considered worthy of serious economic study. Today, progress has been made to integrate entrepreneurship into macroeconomics, but until now the entrepreneur has been almost completely excluded from microeconomics and standard theoretical models of the firm. The Microtheory of Innovative Entrepreneurship provides the framework for introducing entrepreneurship into mainstream microtheory and incorporating the activities of entrepreneurs, inventors, and managers into standard models of the firm. William Baumol distinguishes between the innovative entrepreneur, who comes up with new ideas and puts them into practice, and the replicative entrepreneur, which can be anyone who launches a new business venture, regardless of whether similar ventures already exist. Baumol puts forward a quasi-formal theoretical analysis of the innovative entrepreneur's influential role in economic life. In doing so, he opens the way to bringing innovative entrepreneurship into the accepted body of mainstream microeconomics, and offers valuable insights that can be used to design more effective policies. The Microtheory of Innovative Entrepreneurship lays the foundation for a new kind of microtheory that reflects the innovative entrepreneur's importance to economic growth and prosperity.

Author : Heiner Stuckenschmidt,Christine Parent,Stefano Spaccapietra
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 375 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2009-05-25
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783642019067

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Modular Ontologies by Heiner Stuckenschmidt,Christine Parent,Stefano Spaccapietra Pdf

This book constitutes a collection of research achievements mature enough to provide a firm and reliable basis on modular ontologies. It gives the reader a detailed analysis of the state of the art of the research area and discusses the recent concepts, theories and techniques for knowledge modularization. The 13 papers presented in this book were all carefully reviewed before publication. They have been organized in three parts: Part I gives a general introduction to the idea and issues characterizing modularization and offers an in-depth analysis of properties, criteria and knowledge import techniques for modularization. Part II describes four major research proposals for creating modules from an existing ontology either by partitioning an ontology into a collection of modules or by extracting one or more modules from the ontology. Part III reports on collaborative approaches where modules that pre-exist are linked together through mappings to form a virtual large ontology.

Author : Constance Rimmer Tiffany,Louette R. Johnson Lutjens
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Medical
ISBN : 076190235X

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Planned Change Theories for Nursing by Constance Rimmer Tiffany,Louette R. Johnson Lutjens Pdf

In a groundbreaking publication, Constance Rimmer Tiffany and Louette R. Johnson Lutjens present a foundation for nurses: understanding of planned change. "Planned Change Theories for Nursing" contains overviews of three widely accepted change theoriesand a new systems-oriented planned change theory and shows the implications of these theories for nursing practice. The first section of this book offers a thoughtful overview of the issues involved in the use of planned change theories, beginning with the rationale for studying planned change theories and important points to consider in choosing among them. The authors then explore the role of power in change and discuss moral and ethical questions involved in planned change. The final chapter in this section addresses the diagnostic process, innovations as solutions, and the evaluation of planned change. Chapter 9 serves as a transition in which the authors reflect on the implications of planned change in a representative nursing model, the well-known Roy Adaptation Model. This chapter also provides a nursing orientation for Part II, in which the authors examine in turn Lewin's micro theories; Bennis, Benne, and Chin's planned change writings; the Rogers Diffusion Model; and Bhola's Configurations Model. For each of these theories or models, the authors present an overview, an analysis and critique, and a discussion entitled, "Altering the Peg," in which the theories are individually viewed in light of the key concepts in the Roy Adaptation Model. The book concludes with a discussion of the theoretical underpinnings for carrying out planned change research and incorporating research findings in nursing practice. In addition, the appendixes provide a wealth of source information for the theories discussed.

Author : Steven Rabin
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 630 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2013-09-11
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781466565968

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Game AI Pro by Steven Rabin Pdf

Successful games merge art and technology in truly unique ways. Fused under tight production deadlines and strict performance requirements, shaped by demanding player expectations, games are among the most complex software projects created today. Game AI Pro: Collected Wisdom of Game AI Professionals covers both the art and the technology of game AI. Nothing covered is theory or guesswork. The book brings together the accumulated wisdom, cutting-edge ideas, and clever tricks and techniques of 54 of today’s top game AI professionals. Some chapters present techniques that have been developed and passed down within the community for years while others discuss the most exciting new research and ideas from today’s most innovative games. The book includes core algorithms that you’ll need to succeed, such as behavior trees, utility theory, spatial representation, path planning, motion control, and tactical reasoning. It also describes tricks and techniques that will truly bring your game to life, including perception systems, social modeling, smart camera systems, player prediction, and even an AI sound designer. Throughout, the book discusses the optimizations and performance enhancements that enable your game to run while maintaining 60 frames per second.

Author : Alan H. Bond,Les Gasser
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
Page : 668 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2014-06-05
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781483214443

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Readings in Distributed Artificial Intelligence by Alan H. Bond,Les Gasser Pdf

Most artificial intelligence research investigates intelligent behavior for a single agent--solving problems heuristically, understanding natural language, and so on. Distributed Artificial Intelligence (DAI) is concerned with coordinated intelligent behavior: intelligent agents coordinating their knowledge, skills, and plans to act or solve problems, working toward a single goal, or toward separate, individual goals that interact. DAI provides intellectual insights about organization, interaction, and problem solving among intelligent agents. This comprehensive collection of articles shows the breadth and depth of DAI research. The selected information is relevant to emerging DAI technologies as well as to practical problems in artificial intelligence, distributed computing systems, and human-computer interaction. "Readings in Distributed Artificial Intelligence" proposes a framework for understanding the problems and possibilities of DAI. It divides the study into three realms: the natural systems approach (emulating strategies and representations people use to coordinate their activities), the engineering/science perspective (building automated, coordinated problem solvers for specific applications), and a third, hybrid approach that is useful in analyzing and developing mixed collections of machines and human agents working together. The editors introduce the volume with an important survey of the motivations, research, and results of work in DAI. This historical and conceptual overview combines with chapter introductions to guide the reader through this fascinating field. A unique and extensive bibliography is also provided.

Author : Nachum Dershowitz,Ephraim Nissan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 604 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2014-12-03
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783642453212

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Language, Culture, Computation: Computing - Theory and Technology by Nachum Dershowitz,Ephraim Nissan Pdf

This Festschrift volume is published in Honor of Yaacov Choueka on the occasion of this 75th birthday. The present three-volumes liber amicorum, several years in gestation, honours this outstanding Israeli computer scientist and is dedicated to him and to his scientific endeavours. Yaacov's research has had a major impact not only within the walls of academia, but also in the daily life of lay users of such technology that originated from his research. An especially amazing aspect of the temporal span of his scholarly work is that half a century after his influential research from the early 1960s, a project in which he is currently involved is proving to be a sensation, as will become apparent from what follows. Yaacov Choueka began his research career in the theory of computer science, dealing with basic questions regarding the relation between mathematical logic and automata theory. From formal languages, Yaacov moved to natural languages. He was a founder of natural-language processing in Israel, developing numerous tools for Hebrew. He is best known for his primary role, together with Aviezri Fraenkel, in the development of the Responsa Project, one of the earliest fulltext retrieval systems in the world. More recently, he has headed the Friedberg Genizah Project, which is bringing the treasures of the Cairo Genizah into the Digital Age. This first part of the three-volume set covers a range of topics in computer science. The papers are grouped in topical sections on: the jubilaris: Yaacov and his oeuvre; theory of computation; science computing and tools for engineering; information retrieval.

Author : Zoubida Kedad,Nadira Lammari,Elisabeth Métais,Farid Meziane,Yacine Rezgui
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 453 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2007-06-21
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540733508

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Natural Language Processing and Information Systems by Zoubida Kedad,Nadira Lammari,Elisabeth Métais,Farid Meziane,Yacine Rezgui Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Applications of Natural Language to Information Systems, NLDB 2007, held in Paris, France in June 2007. It covers natural language for database query processing, email management, semantic annotation, text clustering, ontology engineering, natural language for information system design, information retrieval systems, and natural language processing techniques.

Author : Lev D. Beklemishev
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 978 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2000-04-01
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 0080954847

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Provability, Computability and Reflection by Lev D. Beklemishev Pdf

Provability, Computability and Reflection

Author : Jeff Zhuk
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 652 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2004-07-26
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0521525837

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Integration-Ready Architecture and Design by Jeff Zhuk Pdf

What would you do if your IT job was no longer performed in your country? Your survival does not lie in limiting global collaborative engineering. IT workers will survive and prosper because of their ability to innovate, to quickly learn and change directions, and to evolve from Information Technology into Distributed Knowledge Marketplace. You have no choice but to be pro-active, learn to stay current, even run ahead of the game. Integration-Ready Architecture and Design bridges the gap for a new generation of wired and wireless software technologies and teaches a set of skills that are demanded by fast moving software evolution. This up-to-date textbook integrates theory and practice, going from foundations and concepts to specific applications. Through deep insights into almost all areas of modern CIS and IT, Zhuk provides an entry into the new world of integrated knowledge and software engineering. Readers will learn the what s, why s, and how s on: J2EE, J2ME, .NET, JSAPI, JMS, JMF, SALT, VoiceXML, WAP, 802.11, CDNA, GPRS, CycL, XML, and multiple XML-based technologies including RDF, DAML, SOAP, UDDI, and WDSL. Students, architects, designers, coders, and even management benefit from innovative ideas and detailed examples for building multi-dimensional worlds of enterprise applications and creating distributed knowledge marketplace.

Author : Ralph E. Gomory,William J. Baumol
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2022-06-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780262545808

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Global Trade and Conflicting National Interests by Ralph E. Gomory,William J. Baumol Pdf

Ralph Gomory and William Baumol adapt classical trade models to the modern world economy. In this book Ralph Gomory and William Baumol adapt classical trade models to the modern world economy. Trade today is dominated by manufactured goods, rapidly moving technology, and huge firms that benefit from economies of scale. This is very different from the largely agricultural world in which the classical theories originated. Gomory and Baumol show that the new and significant conflicts resulting from international trade are inherent in modern economies.Today improvement in one country's productive capabilities is often attainable only at the expense of another country's general welfare. The authors describe why and when this is so and why, in a modern free-trade environment, a country might have a vital stake in the competitive strength of its industries.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1949
Category : Agriculture
ISBN : MINN:30000010144313

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Agriculture Handbook by Anonim Pdf

Set includes revised editions of some issues.

Author : Perley Spaulding
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 774 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1958
Category : Trees
ISBN : STANFORD:36105117925441

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Diseases of Foreign Forest Trees Growing in the United States by Perley Spaulding Pdf

Author : Richard J. Foote,United States. Department of Agriculture
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1958
Category : Agricultural prices
ISBN : UIUC:30112084391728

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Analytical Tools for Studying Demand and Price Structures by Richard J. Foote,United States. Department of Agriculture Pdf

Author : Yang Cai,Julio Abascal
Publisher : Springer
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2006-08-18
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540377887

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Ambient Intelligence in Everyday Life by Yang Cai,Julio Abascal Pdf

Ambient Intelligence refers to smart electronic environments that are sensitive and responsive to the presence of people. This book originates from the Workshop on Ambient Intelligence in Everyday Life held in San Sebastian, Spain, July 2005. Coverage is devoted to the cognitive aspects of ambient intelligence. The 15 carefully reviewed and revised articles presented are organized in topical sections on human-centric computing, ambient interfaces, and architectures for ambient intelligence.