Military Strategy Of Middle Powers

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Military Strategy of Middle Powers

Håkan Edström,Jacob Westberg
Military Strategy of Middle Powers Book PDF

Author : Håkan Edström,Jacob Westberg
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 231 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2020-10-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000204667

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Military Strategy of Middle Powers by Håkan Edström,Jacob Westberg Pdf

Military Strategy of Middle Powers explores to what degree twenty-first-century middle powers adjust their military strategies due to changes in the international order, such as the decline in US power. The overarching objective of the book is to explain continuity and change in the strategies of a group of middle powers during the twenty-first century. These strategies are described, compared, and explained through the lens of Realism. In order to find potential explanations for change or continuity within the cases, as well as for similarities and differences between the cases, the strategies of 11 ‘middle’ powers are analysed (Canada, Germany, Italy, Spain, Australia, Brazil, Indonesia, South Africa, India, Japan, and South Korea). This group of countries are considered similar in several important aspects, primarily regarding relative power capacity. When searching for potential explanations for different strategic behaviours among the middle powers, their unique regional characteristics are a key focus and, consequently, the impact of the structure and polarity, as well as the patterns of amity and enmity, of the regional context are analysed. The empirical investigation is focused on security strategies used since the terrorist attacks 9/11 2001, which was one of the first major challenges to US hegemony. This book will be of much interest to students of military and strategic studies, foreign policy, and International Relations in general.

Security Strategies of Middle Powers in the Asia Pacific

Ralf Emmers,Sarah Teo
Security Strategies of Middle Powers in the Asia Pacific Book PDF

Author : Ralf Emmers,Sarah Teo
Publisher : Melbourne Univ. Publishing
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2018-02-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780522871197

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Security Strategies of Middle Powers in the Asia Pacific by Ralf Emmers,Sarah Teo Pdf

Security Strategies of Middle Powers in the Asia Pacific examines what drives the different regional security strategies of four middle powers in the Asia Pacific: Australia, Indonesia, South Korea and Malaysia. Drawing on the extant middle power literature, the authors argue that the regional security strategies of middle powers could take two forms, namely, functional or normative. A functional strategy means that the middle power targets its resources to address a specific problem that it has a high level of interest in, while a normative strategy refers to a focus on promoting general behavioural standards and confidence building at the multilateral level. This book argues that whether a middle power ultimately employs a more functional or normative regional security strategy depends on its resource availability and strategic environment.

Middle Powers in Asia and Europe in the 21st Century

Giampiero Giacomello,Bertjan Verbeek
Middle Powers in Asia and Europe in the 21st Century Book PDF

Author : Giampiero Giacomello,Bertjan Verbeek
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2020-07-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781793605658

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Middle Powers in Asia and Europe in the 21st Century by Giampiero Giacomello,Bertjan Verbeek Pdf

This volume presents three claims regarding the role of middle powers in the 21st Century: first, states aspiring to become or remain middle powers choose from three possible role: to be a global middle powers; to be a regional pivot; or to be a niche leader. Second, states seeking such roles need different mixes of hard and soft power sources. Third, more so than great or small powers, middle powers walk a thin line between the domestic and systemic pressures they face. In this volume, these claims are based on (comparative) case studies of Germany, Iran, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Norway, South Korea, Sweden, and Turkey.

Middle Powers and the Rise of China

Bruce Gilley,Andrew O'Neil
Middle Powers and the Rise of China Book PDF

Author : Bruce Gilley,Andrew O'Neil
Publisher : Georgetown University Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2014-09-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781626160859

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Middle Powers and the Rise of China by Bruce Gilley,Andrew O'Neil Pdf

China’s rise is changing the dynamics of the international system. Middle Powers and the Rise of China is the first work to examine how the group of states referred to as “middle powers” are responding to China’s growing economic, diplomatic, and military power. States with capabilities immediately below those of great powers, middle powers still exercise influence far above most other states. Their role as significant trading partners and allies or adversaries in matters of regional security, nuclear proliferation, and global governance issues such as human rights and climate change are reshaping international politics. Contributors review middle-power relations with China in the cases of South Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, Australia, South Africa, Turkey, and Brazil, addressing how these diverse nations are responding to a rising China, the impact of Chinese power on each, and whether these states are being attracted to China or deterred by its new power and assertiveness. Chapters also explore how much (or how little) China, and for comparison the US, value middle powers and examine whether or not middle powers can actually shape China’s behavior. By bringing a new analytic approach to a key issue in international politics, this unique treatment of emerging middle powers and the rise of China will interest scholars and students of international relations, security studies, China, and the diverse countries covered in the book.

Relocating Middle Powers

Andrew Fenton Cooper,Richard A. Higgott,Kim Richard Nossal
Relocating Middle Powers Book PDF

Author : Andrew Fenton Cooper,Richard A. Higgott,Kim Richard Nossal
Publisher : UBC Press
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0774804505

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Relocating Middle Powers by Andrew Fenton Cooper,Richard A. Higgott,Kim Richard Nossal Pdf

The fall of the Berlin Wall and the disintegration of the Soviet Union were only two of the many events that profoundly altered the international political system in the late 1980s and early 1990s. In a world no longer dominated by Cold War tensions, nation states have had to rethink their international roles and focus on economic rather than military concerns. This book examines how two middle powers, Australia and Canada, are grappling with the difficult process of relocating themselves in the rapidly changing international economy. The authors argue that the concept of middle power has continuing relevance in contemporary international relations theory, and they present a number of case studies to illustrate the changing nature of middle power behaviour.

The Strategic Options of Middle Powers in the Asia-Pacific

Chien-Wen Kou,Chiung-Chiu Huang,Brian Job
The Strategic Options of Middle Powers in the Asia Pacific Book PDF

Author : Chien-Wen Kou,Chiung-Chiu Huang,Brian Job
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 279 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2022-06-23
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000593037

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The Strategic Options of Middle Powers in the Asia-Pacific by Chien-Wen Kou,Chiung-Chiu Huang,Brian Job Pdf

This book analyses the responses of middle powers in the Asia-Pacific toward the contemporary great powers’ rivalry of the United States and China, through specific cases studies of South Korea, Australia, Japan, India, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Presenting local perspectives from multiple middle powers as they face the task of maintaining the international order in light of the recent competition between China and the United States, it further develops theories of foreign policy analyses, forming a systematic framework through initiating crucial concepts, including reluctant hedging, economic statecraft, and strategic position-taking. The contributions also provide an in-depth examination of the contemporary geo-politics of the region, including the impact of both the Trump and Biden administrations, Beijing’s “Wolf Warrior” diplomacy, cross-strait relations with Taiwan, and the influences of Japan, Vietnam, Australia and South Korea, revealing that regional middle powers do indeed exert influence on the direction of regional cooperation in the Asia-Pacific. Providing comprehensive studies of many regional powers in the Asia-Pacific, this will be a valuable resource for scholars and students of International Politics, Asian Politics, Asian Studies as well as policy makers on Asia-Pacific relations.

Military Strategy of Great Powers

Håkan Edström,Jacob Westberg
Military Strategy of Great Powers Book PDF

Author : Håkan Edström,Jacob Westberg
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2021-09-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000438673

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Military Strategy of Great Powers by Håkan Edström,Jacob Westberg Pdf

This book explores the military strategies of the five system-determining great powers during the twenty-first century. The book’s point of departure is that analyses of countries’ defence strategies should acknowledge that states come in various shapes and sizes and that their strategic choices are affected by their perceptions of their position in the international system and by power asymmetries between more and less resourceful states. This creates a diversity in strategies that is often overlooked in theoretically oriented analyses. The book examines how five major powers – the United States, China, the United Kingdom, France and Russia – have adjusted their strategies to improve or maintain their relative position and to manage power asymmetries during the twenty-first century. It also develops and applies an analytical framework for exploring and categorising the strategies pursued by the five major powers which combines elements of structural realism with research on power transition theory and status competition. The concluding chapter addresses questions related to stability and change in the present international system. This book will be of interest to students of strategic studies, foreign policy, and International Relations.

Middle Powers and Accidental Wars

Bernard Fook Weng Loo
Middle Powers and Accidental Wars Book PDF

Author : Bernard Fook Weng Loo
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Political Science
ISBN : IND:30000093968612

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Middle Powers and Accidental Wars by Bernard Fook Weng Loo Pdf

The traditional understanding of strategic stability, as a condition wherein adversarial states refrain from waging a strategic war, is in the first place flawed as it conflates the concept with the wider issue of causes of war, it places too great an emphasis on arms racing and crisis management, and it has focused too much on nuclear strategy. This study situates the concept directly with the phenomena of accidental or inadvertent wars, and proposes an understanding of strategic stability as a condition wherein policy-makers do not feel pressured into knee-jerk decisions concerning the use of military force. This study proposes a framework of conventional strategic stability. It includes a geographic and strategic cultural milieu that frames the processes by which policy-makers and strategic planners identify and assess the threat posed by potential adversaries. It directs attention away from armaments to other military-strategic factors such as interpretations of strategic doctrines and intelligence and early warning processes. how domestic and external political conditions provide clues as to how and why strategic stability either maintains or fails, because decisions for war are ultimately political in nature.

Relocating Middle Powers

Andrew F. Cooper,Richard A. Higgott,Kim R. Nossal
Relocating Middle Powers Book PDF

Author : Andrew F. Cooper,Richard A. Higgott,Kim R. Nossal
Publisher : UBC Press
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2007-10-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780774853736

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Relocating Middle Powers by Andrew F. Cooper,Richard A. Higgott,Kim R. Nossal Pdf

The fall of the Berlin Wall and the disintegration of the Soviet Union were only two of the many events that profoundly altered the international political system in the late 1980s and early 1990s. In a world no longer dominated by Cold War tensions, nation states have had to rethink their international roles and focus on economic rather than military concerns. This book examines how two middle powers, Australia and Canada, are grappling with the difficult process of relocating themselves in the rapidly changing international economy. The authors argue that the concept of middle power has continuing relevance in contemporary international relations theory, and they present a number of case studies to illustrate the changing nature of middle power behaviour.

Military Strategies of the New European Allies

Håkan Edström,Jacob Westberg
Military Strategies of the New European Allies Book PDF

Author : Håkan Edström,Jacob Westberg
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2022-12-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000830514

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Military Strategies of the New European Allies by Håkan Edström,Jacob Westberg Pdf

This book analyses how and to what extent ex-communist states have adjusted their defence strategies since joining the EU and NATO, and how differences and similarities between their strategies can be explained. Between 1999 and 2013, four phases of enlargement took place when the European Union (EU) and NATO allowed 11 new former communist states to enter both organisations. These states share some common attributes and experiences related to strategic culture and common experiences during the Cold War era that can potentially explain similarities in behaviour and preferences among them. However, the strategic adjustments among these states are far from uniform. In an effort to explain these differences, the book introduces three intervening variables: (1) differences in relative power and position in the international system, (2) national geographical characteristics; and (3) historical experiences related to formative periods of state-building processes as well as wars and armed conflicts. Empirically, the book strives to present and analyse the defence strategies of each of the new allies by conducting a structured focused comparison of official strategic documents from the twenty-first century for each of the 11 cases. Theoretically and methodologically, it introduces an analytical framework enabling us to explain both similarities and differences in the formulation of the strategies of the 11 states, and to shed light on their external and internal efforts to promote their strategic interest by operationalising the dependent variable - defence strategy. The analytical framework combines elements of structural realism with classical realism, and constructivist research on unit-level characteristics related to relative power and perceptions of strategic exposure. This book will be of much interest to students of strategic studies, European Union policy, NATO and International Relations in general.

Military Strategy: A Very Short Introduction

Antulio J. Echevarria II
Military Strategy A Very Short Introduction Book PDF

Author : Antulio J. Echevarria II
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2024
Category : History
ISBN : 9780197760154

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Military Strategy: A Very Short Introduction by Antulio J. Echevarria II Pdf

Military Strategy: A Very Short Introduction adapts Clausewitz's framework to highlight the dynamic relationship between the main elements of strategy: purpose, method, and means. Drawing on historical examples, Antulio J. Echevarria discusses the major types of military strategy and how emerging technologies are affecting them. This second edition has been updated to include an expanded chapter on manipulation through cyberwarfare and new further reading.

The Rise And Fall of British Naval Mastery

Paul Kennedy
The Rise And Fall of British Naval Mastery Book PDF

Author : Paul Kennedy
Publisher : Penguin UK
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2017-01-26
Category : History
ISBN : 9780141983837

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The Rise And Fall of British Naval Mastery by Paul Kennedy Pdf

Paul Kennedy's classic naval history, now updated with a new introduction by the author This acclaimed book traces Britain's rise and fall as a sea power from the Tudors to the present day. Challenging the traditional view that the British are natural 'sons of the waves', he suggests instead that the country's fortunes as a significant maritime force have always been bound up with its economic growth. In doing so, he contributes significantly to the centuries-long debate between 'continental' and 'maritime' schools of strategy over Britain's policy in times of war. Setting British naval history within a framework of national, international, economic, political and strategic considerations, he offers a fresh approach to one of the central questions in British history. A new introduction extends his analysis into the twenty-first century and reflects on current American and Chinese ambitions for naval mastery. 'Excellent and stimulating' Correlli Barnett 'The first scholar to have set the sweep of British Naval history against the background of economic history' Michael Howard, Sunday Times 'By far the best study that has ever been done on the subject ... a sparkling and apt quotation on practically every page' Daniel A. Baugh, International History Review 'The best single-volume study of Britain and her naval past now available to us' Jon Sumida, Journal of Modern History

Italy's Foreign Policy in the Twenty-first Century

Giampiero Giacomello,Bertjan Verbeek
Italy s Foreign Policy in the Twenty first Century Book PDF

Author : Giampiero Giacomello,Bertjan Verbeek
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780739148686

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Italy's Foreign Policy in the Twenty-first Century by Giampiero Giacomello,Bertjan Verbeek Pdf

ItalyÆs Foreign Policy in the Twenty-First Century: The New Assertiveness of an Aspiring Middle Power, edited by Giampiero Giacomello and Bertjan Verbeek, shows how changes in ItalyÆs international and domestic environment since the early 1990s have affected ItalyÆs foreign policy and raised its aspiration to become, and be treated as, a middle power. The contributors theoretically engage with both rationalist and constructivist accounts of middle-power. The contributors theoretical engage with both rationalist and constructivist accounts of middle-power behavior. They reveal that the end of the Cold War, the advent of globalization, and the rise in institutionalized regional cooperation have increased ItalyÆs freedom to maneuver. At the same time, however, these changes have decreased ItalyÆs policy freedom as a result of delegation of policy competencies to the European Union and the need for cooperation in a globalized world. Domestic changes, notably the transition from the First to the Second Republic and the transformation of political leadership under Prime Minister Silivio Berlusconi, have altered the way domestic politics is played out in foreign policy. Rather than adopting the more common focus on ItalyÆs bilateral relations with other counties or regions, this collection centers on actors, issues and policy instruments in vital areas of ItalyÆs foreign policy. In addition, it discusses the search for ItalyÆs position in global affairs and emphasized the importance of leadership styles, domestic political agendas, and party rhetoric in determining ItalyÆs foreign policy. As Giacomello and VerbeekÆs volume demonstrates, consistency with such strategic prescription has always been a problematic undertaking for various Italian governments. Book jacket.

Transforming Global Governance with Middle Power Diplomacy

Sook Jong Lee
Transforming Global Governance with Middle Power Diplomacy Book PDF

Author : Sook Jong Lee
Publisher : Springer
Page : 173 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2016-06-16
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781137593597

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Transforming Global Governance with Middle Power Diplomacy by Sook Jong Lee Pdf

This book examines South Korea’s recent strategic turn to middle power diplomacy, evaluating its performance so far in key areas of security, maritime governance, trade, finance, development assistance, climate change, and cyber space. In particular, the authors pay special attention to how South Korea’s middle power diplomacy can contribute to making the U.S.-China competition in East Asia benefit Korea. The contributors discuss the opportunities and limits of this middle power diplomacy role, exploring how Korea can serve as a middleman in Sino-Japanese relations, rather than as a US ally against China; use its rich trade networks to negotiate beneficial free trade agreements; and embracing its role as a leader in climate change policy, along with other topics. This book is a must read for foreign policy officials and experts who engage in the Asia-Pacific region, rekindling the academic study of middle powers whose influence is only augmenting in our increasingly networked twenty-first century world.

Defence Planning for Small and Middle Powers

Tim Sweijs,Saskia van Genugten,Frans Osinga
Defence Planning for Small and Middle Powers Book PDF

Author : Tim Sweijs,Saskia van Genugten,Frans Osinga
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2024-08-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781040098585

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Defence Planning for Small and Middle Powers by Tim Sweijs,Saskia van Genugten,Frans Osinga Pdf

This book examines the processes, practices and principles of defence planning in small and middle powers. Small and middle powers are recalibrating their force postures in this age of disruption. They are adapting their defence planning and military innovation processes to protect the security of their nations. The purpose of this book is to explore defence planning and military innovation in 11 contemporary case studies of small and middle powers in North America, Europe, the Middle East, Asia and Oceania. Employing a structured focused comparison framework, it traces patterns in the choices of small and middle powers across the following themes: (1) alliances, dependencies and national ambitions; (2) approaches, processes, methods and techniques; and (3) military innovation strategies and outcomes. Breaking new theoretical ground, it offers a three-pronged typology distinguishing between the strategic defence planner, the transactional defence planners and the complacent defence planner. The book offers a rich array of insights into cases that fall across different geographies, strategic cultures and governance systems. These insights can help guide discussions on how to structure decision-making structures, arrive at ambition levels, formulate priorities, select partners and design defence planning and military innovation processes. This book will be of much interest to students of defence studies, security studies, public policy and international relations, as well as to professionals in defence planning.