Modeling Analysis And Enhancement Of The Performance Of A Wind Driven Dfig During Steady State And Transient Conditions
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Modeling, Analysis and Enhancement of the performance of a Wind Driven DFIG During steady state and transient conditions by Mohmoud Mossa Pdf
Recently, wind electrical power systems are getting a lot of attention since they are cost competitive, environmentally clean, and safe renewable power source as compared with the fossil fuel and nuclear power generation. A special type of induction generator, called a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), is used extensively for high-power wind applications. They are used more and more in wind turbine applications due to the ease of controllability, the high energy efficiency, and the improved power quality.This research aims to develop a method of a field orientation scheme for control both, the active and the reactive powers of a DFIG that are driven by a wind turbine. Also, the dynamic model of the DFIG, driven by a wind turbine during grid faults, is analyzed and developed, using the method of symmetrical components. Finally, this study proposes a novel fault ride-through (FRT) capability with a suitable control strategy (i.e. the ability of the power system to remain connected to the grid during faults).
Power Electronics Handbook by Muhammad H. Rashid Pdf
Power Electronics Handbook, Fifth Edition delivers an expert guide to power electronics and their applications. The book examines the foundations of power electronics, power semiconductor devices, and power converters, before reviewing a constellation of modern applications. Comprehensively updated throughout, this new edition features new sections addressing current practices for renewable energy storage, transmission, integration, and operation, as well as smart-grid security, intelligent energy, artificial intelligence, and machine learning applications applied to power electronics, and autonomous and electric vehicles. This handbook is aimed at practitioners and researchers undertaking projects requiring specialist design, analysis, installation, commissioning, and maintenance services. Provides a fully comprehensive work addressing each aspect of power electronics in painstaking depth Delivers a methodical technical presentation in over 1500 pages Includes 50+ contributions prepared by leading experts Offers practical support and guidance with detailed examples and applications for lab and field experimentation Includes new technical sections on smart-grid security and intelligent energy, artificial intelligence, and machine learning applications applied to power electronics and autonomous and electric vehicles Features new chapter level templates and a narrative progression to facilitate understanding
Control of a Wind Driven Doubly Fed Induction Generator During Grid Faults by Mahmoud Mossa Pdf
Master's Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Engineering - Power Engineering, grade: none, , course: Electrical engineering (Renewable energy), language: English, abstract: Wind electrical power systems are recently getting lot of attention, because they are cost competitive, environmental clean and safe renewable power source, as compared with fossil fuel and nuclear power generation. A special type of induction generator, called a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), is used extensively for high-power wind applications. They are used more and more in wind turbine applications due to ease controllability, high energy efficiency and improved power quality. This thesis aims to develop a method of a field orientation scheme for control both the active and reactive powers of a DFIG driven by a wind turbine.The proposed control system consists of a wind turbine that drives a DFIG connected to the utility grid through AC-DC-AC link. The main control objective is to regulate the dc link voltage for operation at maximum available wind power.This is achieved by controlling the and axes components of voltages and currents for both rotor side and line side converters using PI controllers. The complete dynamic model of the proposed system is described in detail. Computer simulations have been carried out in order to validate the effectiveness of the proposed system during the variation of wind speed. The results prove that , better overall performances are achieved, quick recover from wind speed disturbances in addition to good tracking ability. Generally, any abnormalities associated with grid asymmetrical faults are going to affect the system performance considerably. During grid faults, unbalanced currents cause negative effects like overheating problems and mechanical stress due to high torque pulsations that can damage the rotor shaft, gearbox or blade assembly. Therefore, the dynamic model of the DFIG, driven by a wind turbine during grid faults has been analyzed and developed using the method of symmetrical components. The dynamic performance of the DFIG during unbalanced grid conditions is analyzed and described in detail using digital simulations. A novel fault ride-through (FRT) capability is proposed (i.e. the ability of the power system to remain connected to the grid during faults) with suitable control strategy in this thesis. In this scheme, the input mechanical energy of the wind turbine during grid faults is stored and utilized at the moment of fault clearance, instead of being dissipated in the resistors of the crowbar circuit as in the existing FRT schemes. [...]
Modeling and Modern Control of Wind Power by Qiuwei Wu,Yuanzhang Sun Pdf
An essential reference to the modeling techniques of wind turbine systems for the application of advanced control methods This book covers the modeling of wind power and application of modern control methods to the wind power control—specifically the models of type 3 and type 4 wind turbines. The modeling aspects will help readers to streamline the wind turbine and wind power plant modeling, and reduce the burden of power system simulations to investigate the impact of wind power on power systems. The use of modern control methods will help technology development, especially from the perspective of manufactures. Chapter coverage includes: status of wind power development, grid code requirements for wind power integration; modeling and control of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine generator (WTG); optimal control strategy for load reduction of full scale converter (FSC) WTG; clustering based WTG model linearization; adaptive control of wind turbines for maximum power point tracking (MPPT); distributed model predictive active power control of wind power plants and energy storage systems; model predictive voltage control of wind power plants; control of wind power plant clusters; and fault ride-through capability enhancement of VSC HVDC connected offshore wind power plants. Modeling and Modern Control of Wind Power also features tables, illustrations, case studies, and an appendix showing a selection of typical test systems and the code of adaptive and distributed model predictive control. Analyzes the developments in control methods for wind turbines (focusing on type 3 and type 4 wind turbines) Provides an overview of the latest changes in grid code requirements for wind power integration Reviews the operation characteristics of the FSC and DFIG WTG Presents production efficiency improvement of WTG under uncertainties and disturbances with adaptive control Deals with model predictive active and reactive power control of wind power plants Describes enhanced control of VSC HVDC connected offshore wind power plants Modeling and Modern Control of Wind Power is ideal for PhD students and researchers studying the field, but is also highly beneficial to engineers and transmission system operators (TSOs), wind turbine manufacturers, and consulting companies.
Analysis of Sub-synchronous Resonance (SSR) in Doubly-fed Induction Generator (DFIG)-Based Wind Farms by Hossein Ali Mohammadpour,Enrico Santi Pdf
Wind power penetration is rapidly increasing in today's energy generation industry. In particular, the doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) has become a very popular option in wind farms, due to its cost advantage compared with fully rated converter-based systems. Wind farms are frequently located in remote areas, far from the bulk of electric power users, and require long transmission lines to connect to the grid. Series capacitive compensation of DFIG-based wind farm is an economical way to increase the power transfer capability of the transmission line connecting the wind farm to the grid. For example, a study performed by ABB reveals that increasing the power transfer capability of an existing transmission line from 1300 MW to 2000 MW using series compensation is 90% less expensive than building a new transmission line. However, a factor hindering the extensive use of series capacitive compensation is the potential risk of subsynchronous resonance (SSR). The SSR is a condition where the wind farm exchanges energy with the electric network, to which it is connected, at one or more natural frequencies of the electric or mechanical part of the combined system, comprising the wind farm and the network, and the frequency of the exchanged energy is below the fundamental frequency of the system. This oscillatory phenomenon may cause severe damage in the wind farm, if not prevented. Therefore, this book studies the SSR phenomenon in a capacitive series compensated wind farm. A DFIG-based wind farm, which is connected to a series compensated transmission line, is considered as a case study. The book consists of two main parts: Small-signal modeling of DFIG for SSR analysis: This part presents a step-by-step tutorial on modal analysis of a DFIG-based series compensated wind farm using Matlab/Simulink. The model of the system includes wind turbine aerodynamics, a 6th order induction generator, a 2nd order two-mass shaft system, a 4th order series compensated transmission line, a 4th order rotor-side converter (RSC) controller and a 4th order grid-side converter (GSC) controller, and a 1st order DC-link model. The relevant modes are identified using participation factor analysis. Definition of the SSR in DFIG-based wind farms: This part mainly focuses on the identification and definition of the main types of SSR that occur in DFIG wind farms, namely: (1) induction generator effect (SSIGE), (2) torsional interactions (SSTI), and (3) control interactions (SSCI).
Advances in Modelling and Control of Wind and Hydrogenerators by Amir Ebrahimi Pdf
Rapid deployment of wind and solar energy generation is going to result in a series of new problems with regards to the reliability of our electrical grid in terms of outages, cost, and life-time, forcing us to promptly deal with the challenging restructuring of our energy systems. Increased penetration of fluctuating renewable energy resources is a challenge for the electrical grid. Proposing solutions to deal with this problem also impacts the functionality of large generators. The power electronic generator interactions, multi-domain modelling, and reliable monitoring systems are examples of new challenges in this field. This book presents some new modelling methods and technologies for renewable energy generators including wind, ocean, and hydropower systems.
Surveying the technologies used to satisfy the world's demand for open, efficient, and clean electricity, Variable Speed Generators provides an in-depth examination of variable-speed generators for both stand-alone and grid-connected applications. Part of The Electric Generators Handbook, Two-Volume Set, this work offers authoritative, tightly focused treatment of the topologies, steady state and transients modeling, performance, control, design, and testing of stand-alone and grid-connected generators operating at variable speeds. Variable Speed Generators thoroughly covers all types of variable-speed generators currently in progress in distributed generation and renewable energy applications around the world. It delves into the steady state, transients, control, and design of claw-pole rotor synchronous, induction, permanent magnet-assisted synchronous, and switched reluctance starter alternators for hybrid-electric vehicles. It also discusses PM synchronous, transverse-flux PM, and flux-reversal PM generators for low-speed wind and hydro energy conversion as well as linear-motion alternators for residential and spacecraft applications. Numerous design and control examples illustrate the discussion. The promise of renewable, sustainable energy rests on our ability to design innovative power systems that are able to harness energy from a variety of sources. Variable Speed Generators supplies the tools necessary to design, validate, and deploy the right power generation technologies to fulfill tomorrow's complex energy needs.
Wind Power in Power Systems by Thomas Ackermann Pdf
The second edition of the highly acclaimed Wind Power in Power Systems has been thoroughly revised and expanded to reflect the latest challenges associated with increasing wind power penetration levels. Since its first release, practical experiences with high wind power penetration levels have significantly increased. This book presents an overview of the lessons learned in integrating wind power into power systems and provides an outlook of the relevant issues and solutions to allow even higher wind power penetration levels. This includes the development of standard wind turbine simulation models. This extensive update has 23 brand new chapters in cutting-edge areas including offshore wind farms and storage options, performance validation and certification for grid codes, and the provision of reactive power and voltage control from wind power plants. Key features: Offers an international perspective on integrating a high penetration of wind power into the power system, from basic network interconnection to industry deregulation; Outlines the methodology and results of European and North American large-scale grid integration studies; Extensive practical experience from wind power and power system experts and transmission systems operators in Germany, Denmark, Spain, UK, Ireland, USA, China and New Zealand; Presents various wind turbine designs from the electrical perspective and models for their simulation, and discusses industry standards and world-wide grid codes, along with power quality issues; Considers concepts to increase penetration of wind power in power systems, from wind turbine, power plant and power system redesign to smart grid and storage solutions. Carefully edited for a highly coherent structure, this work remains an essential reference for power system engineers, transmission and distribution network operator and planner, wind turbine designers, wind project developers and wind energy consultants dealing with the integration of wind power into the distribution or transmission network. Up-to-date and comprehensive, it is also useful for graduate students, researchers, regulation authorities, and policy makers who work in the area of wind power and need to understand the relevant power system integration issues.
Doubly Fed Induction Machine by Gonzalo Abad,Jesús López,Miguel Rodríguez,Luis Marroyo,Grzegorz Iwanski Pdf
This book will be focused on the modeling and control of the DFIM based wind turbines. In the first part of the book, the mathematical description of different basic dynamic models of the DFIM will be carried out. It will be accompanied by a detailed steady-state analysis of the machine. After that, a more sophisticated model of the machine that considers grid disturbances, such as voltage dips and unbalances will be also studied. The second part of the book surveys the most relevant control strategies used for the DFIM when it operates at the wind energy generation application. The control techniques studied, range from standard solutions used by wind turbine manufacturers, to the last developments oriented to improve the behavior of high power wind turbines, as well as control and hardware based solutions to address different faulty scenarios of the grid. In addition, the standalone DFIM generation system will be also analyzed.
DFIG-based Wind Power Conversion SystemConnected to Grid by Akshay Kumar Pdf
Master's Thesis from the year 2014 in the subject Engineering - Power Engineering, grade: 7.8, Ajay Kumar Garg Engineering College, course: M.Tech, language: English, abstract: Wind generation has become the most important alternate energy source and has experienced increased progress in India during the past decade. While it has great potential as an alternative to less environmentally friendly energy sources, there are various technical challenges that cause wind to be considered negatively by many utilities. Wind energy conversion systems suffer from the fact that their real power generation is closely dependent on the local environmental conditions. The Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) based wind turbine with variable-speed variable-pitch control scheme is the most popular wind power generator in the wind power industry. This machine can be operated either in grid connected or standalone mode. In this thesis, a detailed electromechanical model of a DFIG-based wind turbine connected to power grid as well as separately operated wind turbine system with different sub-systems is developed in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment and its equivalent generator and turbine control structure is realized. In this regard following configurations have been considered: DFIG with Battery storage sub-system DFIG with Buck-Boost converter DFIG with transformer DFIG with 3-winding transformer Addition of battery storage and buck-boost converter sub-systems into the system enables not only dispatching of generator power but also decreases the variability in their reactive power requirements. The full control over both active and reactive power is possible by the use of transformer between DFIG and rotor side converter. The steady state behavior of the overall wind turbine system is presented and the steady state reactive power ability of the DFIG is analyzed. It has been shown that major part of the reactive power should be supplied from rotor side converter to reduce
Performance of DFIG and PMSG Wind Turbines by Kenneth Okedu Pdf
Due to environmental pollution and climate change, the use of renewable energy sources as an alternative means of power generation is on the rise globally. This is because of their clean nature, which makes them ecofriendly with little or no pollution compared to the traditional fossil fuel power-generation power plants. Among the various renewable energy sources, wind energy is one of the most widely employed, due to its promising technology. Wind turbine technologies could be classified into two groups as follows: Fixed Speed Wind Turbines (FSWTs) and Variable Speed Wind Turbines (VSWTs). There have been tremendous improvements in wind turbine technology over the years, from FSWTs to VSWTs, as a result of fast innovations and advanced developments in power electronics. Thus, the VSWTs have better wind energy capture and conversion efficiencies, less acoustic noise and mechanical stress, and better power quality in power grids without support from external reactive power compensators due to the stochastic nature of wind energy. The two most widely employed VSWTs in wind farm development are the Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) and the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG) wind turbines. In order to solve transient stability intricacies during power grid faults, this book proposes different control strategies for the DFIG and PMSG wind turbines.
Stability Control and Reliable Performance of Wind Turbines by Kenneth Eloghene Okedu Pdf
This book is intended for academics and engineers working in universities, research institutes, and industry sectors wishing to acquire new information and enhance their knowledge of the current trends in wind turbine technology. Readers will gain new ideas and special experience with in-depth information about modeling, stability control, assessment, reliability, and future prospects of wind turbines. This book contains a number of problems and solutions that can be integrated into larger research findings and projects. The book enhances studies concerning the state of the art of wind turbines, modeling and intelligent control of wind turbines, power quality of wind turbines, robust controllers for wind turbines in cold weather, etc. The book also looks at recent developments in wind turbine supporting structures, noise reduction estimation methods, reliability and prospects of wind turbines, etc. As I enjoyed preparing this book, I am sure that it will be valuable for a large sector of readers.
Wind Energy Generation: Modelling and Control by Olimpo Anaya-Lara,Nick Jenkins,Janaka B. Ekanayake,Phill Cartwright,Michael Hughes Pdf
WIND ENERGY GENERATION WIND ENERGY GENERATION MODELLING AND CONTROL With increasing concern over climate change and the security of energy supplies, wind power is emerging as an important source of electrical energy throughout the world. Modern wind turbines use advanced power electronics to provide efficient generator control and to ensure compatible operation with the power system. Wind Energy Generation describes the fundamental principles and modelling of the electrical generator and power electronic systems used in large wind turbines. It also discusses how they interact with the power system and the influence of wind turbines on power system operation and stability. Key features: Includes a comprehensive account of power electronic equipment used in wind turbines and for their grid connection. Describes enabling technologies which facilitate the connection of large-scale onshore and offshore wind farms. Provides detailed modelling and control of wind turbine systems. Shows a number of simulations and case studies which explain the dynamic interaction between wind power and conventional generation.
Analysis of Electric Machinery and Drive Systems by Paul C. Krause,Oleg Wasynczuk,Scott D. Sudhoff,Steven D. Pekarek Pdf
Introducing a new edition of the popular reference on machine analysis Now in a fully revised and expanded edition, this widely used reference on machine analysis boasts many changes designed to address the varied needs of engineers in the electric machinery, electric drives, and electric power industries. The authors draw on their own extensive research efforts, bringing all topics up to date and outlining a variety of new approaches they have developed over the past decade. Focusing on reference frame theory that has been at the core of this work since the first edition, this volume goes a step further, introducing new material relevant to machine design along with numerous techniques for making the derivation of equations more direct and easy to use. Coverage includes: Completely new chapters on winding functions and machine design that add a significant dimension not found in any other text A new formulation of machine equations for improving analysis and modeling of machines coupled to power electronic circuits Simplified techniques throughout, from the derivation of torque equations and synchronous machine analysis to the analysis of unbalanced operation A unique generalized approach to machine parameters identification A first-rate resource for engineers wishing to master cutting-edge techniques for machine analysis, Analysis of Electric Machinery and Drive Systems is also a highly useful guide for students in the field.
Power Conversion and Control of Wind Energy Systems by Bin Wu,Yongqiang Lang,Navid Zargari,Samir Kouro Pdf
The book presents the latest power conversion and control technology in modern wind energy systems. It has nine chapters, covering technology overview and market survey, electric generators and modeling, power converters and modulation techniques, wind turbine characteristics and configurations, and control schemes for fixed- and variable-speed wind energy systems. The book also provides in-depth steady-state and dynamic analysis of squirrel cage induction generator, doubly fed induction generator, and synchronous generator based wind energy systems. To illustrate the key concepts and help the reader tackle real-world issues, the book contains more than 30 case studies and 100 solved problems in addition to simulations and experiments. The book serves as a comprehensive reference for academic researchers and practicing engineers. It can also be used as a textbook for graduate students and final year undergraduate students.