Modern Phylogenetic Comparative Methods And Their Application In Evolutionary Biology

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Modern Phylogenetic Comparative Methods and Their Application in Evolutionary Biology

László Zsolt Garamszegi
Modern Phylogenetic Comparative Methods and Their Application in Evolutionary Biology Book PDF

Author : László Zsolt Garamszegi
Publisher : Springer
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2014-07-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662435502

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Modern Phylogenetic Comparative Methods and Their Application in Evolutionary Biology by László Zsolt Garamszegi Pdf

Phylogenetic comparative approaches are powerful analytical tools for making evolutionary inferences from interspecific data and phylogenies. The phylogenetic toolkit available to evolutionary biologists is currently growing at an incredible speed, but most methodological papers are published in the specialized statistical literature and many are incomprehensible for the user community. This textbook provides an overview of several newly developed phylogenetic comparative methods that allow to investigate a broad array of questions on how phenotypic characters evolve along the branches of phylogeny and how such mechanisms shape complex animal communities and interspecific interactions. The individual chapters were written by the leading experts in the field and using a language that is accessible for practicing evolutionary biologists. The authors carefully explain the philosophy behind different methodologies and provide pointers – mostly using a dynamically developing online interface – on how these methods can be implemented in practice. These “conceptual” and “practical” materials are essential for expanding the qualification of both students and scientists, but also offer a valuable resource for educators. Another value of the book are the accompanying online resources (available at: http://www.mpcm-evolution.com), where the authors post and permanently update practical materials to help embed methods into practice.

Phylogenetic Comparative Methods in R

Liam J. Revell,Luke J. Harmon
Phylogenetic Comparative Methods in R Book PDF

Author : Liam J. Revell,Luke J. Harmon
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 440 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2022-09-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780691219035

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Phylogenetic Comparative Methods in R by Liam J. Revell,Luke J. Harmon Pdf

An authoritative introduction to the latest comparative methods in evolutionary biology Phylogenetic comparative methods are a suite of statistical approaches that enable biologists to analyze and better understand the evolutionary tree of life, and shed vital new light on patterns of divergence and common ancestry among all species on Earth. This textbook shows how to carry out phylogenetic comparative analyses in the R statistical computing environment. Liam Revell and Luke Harmon provide an incisive conceptual overview of each method along with worked examples using real data and challenge problems that encourage students to learn by doing. By working through this book, students will gain a solid foundation in these methods and develop the skills they need to interpret patterns in the tree of life. Covers every major method of modern phylogenetic comparative analysis in RExplains the basics of R and discusses topics such as trait evolution, diversification, trait-dependent diversification, biogeography, and visualizationFeatures a wealth of exercises and challenge problemsServes as an invaluable resource for students and researchers, with applications in ecology, evolution, anthropology, disease transmission, conservation biology, and a host of other areasWritten by two of today’s leading developers of phylogenetic comparative methods

Phylogenies and the Comparative Method in Animal Behavior

Emília P. Martins
Phylogenies and the Comparative Method in Animal Behavior Book PDF

Author : Emília P. Martins
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Animal behavior
ISBN : 9780195092103

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Phylogenies and the Comparative Method in Animal Behavior by Emília P. Martins Pdf

In the last ten years, the "comparative method" has been revolutionized by modern statistical ways of incorporating phylogenies into the design and analysis of comparative studies. The results of this revolution are particularly important in the study of animal behavior, which has relied on interspecific comparisons to infer universal trends and evolutionary patterns. The chapters of this edited volume consider the impact of modern phylogenetic comparative methods on the study of animal behavior and discuss the main issues that need to be considered in design and analysis of a comparative study, considers possible differences between the evolution of behavior and the evolution of morphology, and reviews how phylogenetic comparative studies have been used in certain areas of behavioral research.

The Comparative Approach in Evolutionary Anthropology and Biology

Charles L. Nunn
The Comparative Approach in Evolutionary Anthropology and Biology Book PDF

Author : Charles L. Nunn
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2011-11-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780226608983

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The Comparative Approach in Evolutionary Anthropology and Biology by Charles L. Nunn Pdf

And when new fossils are found, such as those of the tiny humans of Flores, scientists compare these remains to other fossils and contemporary humans.

The Comparative Method in Evolutionary Biology

Paul H. Harvey,Mark D. Pagel
The Comparative Method in Evolutionary Biology Book PDF

Author : Paul H. Harvey,Mark D. Pagel
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015049671095

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The Comparative Method in Evolutionary Biology by Paul H. Harvey,Mark D. Pagel Pdf

From Darwin onward, it has been second nature for evolutionary biologists to think comparatively, because comparisons establish the generality of evolutionary phenomena. Do large genomes slow down development? What lifestyles select for large brains? Are extinction rates related to body size? These are all questions for the comparative method, and this book is about how such questions can be answered. It examines how the comparative method complements other approaches, identifies the biological causes of similarity among species, and discusses methods for reconstructing phylogenetic trees, along with many other topics. The book will interest all students, professionals, and researchers in evolutionary biology, ecology, genetics and related fields.

Tree Thinking: An Introduction to Phylogenetic Biology

David A. Baum,Stacey D. Smith
Tree Thinking An Introduction to Phylogenetic Biology Book PDF

Author : David A. Baum,Stacey D. Smith
Publisher : Roberts
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012-08-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 1936221160

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Tree Thinking: An Introduction to Phylogenetic Biology by David A. Baum,Stacey D. Smith Pdf

Baum and Smith, both professors evolutionary biology and researchers in the field of systematics, present this highly accessible introduction to phylogenetics and its importance in modern biology. Ever since Darwin, the evolutionary histories of organisms have been portrayed in the form of branching trees or “phylogenies.” However, the broad significance of the phylogenetic trees has come to be appreciated only quite recently. Phylogenetics has myriad applications in biology, from discovering the features present in ancestral organisms, to finding the sources of invasive species and infectious diseases, to identifying our closest living (and extinct) hominid relatives. Taking a conceptual approach, Tree Thinking introduces readers to the interpretation of phylogenetic trees, how these trees can be reconstructed, and how they can be used to answer biological questions. Examples and vivid metaphors are incorporated throughout, and each chapter concludes with a set of problems, valuable for both students and teachers. Tree Thinking is must-have textbook for any student seeking a solid foundation in this fundamental area of evolutionary biology.

Evolutionary Pathways in Nature

John C. Avise
Evolutionary Pathways in Nature Book PDF

Author : John C. Avise
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 17 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2006-05-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139455039

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Evolutionary Pathways in Nature by John C. Avise Pdf

Reconstructing phylogenetic trees from DNA sequences has become a popular exercise in many branches of biology, and here the well-known geneticist John Avise explains why. Molecular phylogenies provide a genealogical backdrop for interpreting the evolutionary histories of many other types of biological traits (anatomical, behavioral, ecological, physiological, biochemical and even geographical). Guiding readers on a natural history tour along dozens of evolutionary pathways, the author describes how creatures ranging from microbes to elephants came to possess their current phenotypes. Essential reading for college students, professional biologists and anyone interested in natural history and biodiversity, this book is packed with fascinating examples of evolutionary puzzles from across the animal kingdom; how the toucan got its enormous bill, how reptiles grow back lost limbs and why Arctic fish don't freeze.

Phylogenetic Comparative Methods

Luke J. Harmon
Phylogenetic Comparative Methods Book PDF

Author : Luke J. Harmon
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2018-05-23
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 171958446X

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Phylogenetic Comparative Methods by Luke J. Harmon Pdf

An introduction to statistical analyses of phylogenetic trees using comparative methods.

Evolutionary Biology

Pierre Pontarotti
Evolutionary Biology Book PDF

Author : Pierre Pontarotti
Publisher : Springer
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2016-09-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319413242

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Evolutionary Biology by Pierre Pontarotti Pdf

This book presents selected contributions to the 19th Evolutionary Biology Meeting, which took place in September 2015 in Marseille. It consists of 22 chapters, which are grouped in four sections: · Convergent Evolution · Evolution of Complex Traits · Concepts · Methods The annual Evolutionary Biology Meetings in Marseille serve to gather leading evolutionary biologists and other scientists using evolutionary biology concepts, e.g for medical research, to promote the exchange of ideas and to encourage interdisciplinary collaborations. Offering an up-to-date overview of recent findings in the field of evolutionary biology, this book is an invaluable source of information for scientists, teachers and advanced students.

The Evolution of Cultural Diversity

Human Behavior and Evolution Society
The Evolution of Cultural Diversity Book PDF

Author : Human Behavior and Evolution Society
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Law
ISBN : 1844720993

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The Evolution of Cultural Diversity by Human Behavior and Evolution Society Pdf

Virtually all aspects of human behaviour show enormous variation both within and between cultural groups, including material culture, social organization and language. Thousands of distinct cultural groups exist: about 6,000 languages are spoken today, and it is thought that a far greater number of languages existed in the past but became extinct. Using a Darwinian approach, this book seeks to explain this rich cultural variation. There are a number of theoretical reasons to believe that cultural diversification might be tree-like, that is phylogenetic: material and non-material culture is clearly inherited by descendants, there is descent with modification, and languages appear to be hierarchically related. There are also a number of theoretical reasons to believe that cultural evolution is not tree-like: cultural inheritance is not Mendelian and can indeed be vertical, horizontal or oblique, evidence of borrowing abounds, cultures are not necessarily biological populations and can be transient and complex. Here, for the first time, this title tackles these questions of cultural evolution empirically and quantitatively, using a range of case studies from Africa, the Pacific, Europe, Asia and America. A range of powerful theoretical tools developed in evolutionary biology are used to test detailed hypotheses about historical patterns and adaptive functions in cultural evolution. Evidence is amassed from archaeological, linguist and cultural datasets, from both recent and historical or pre-historical time periods. A unifying theme is that the phylogenetic approach is a useful and powerful framework, both for describing the evolutionary history of these traits, and also for testing adaptive hypotheses about their evolution and co-evolution. Contributors include archaeologists, anthropologists, evolutionary biologists and linguists, and this book will be of great interest to all those involved in these areas.

Phylogeny, Ecology, and Behavior

Daniel R. Brooks,Deborah A. McLennan
Phylogeny Ecology and Behavior Book PDF

Author : Daniel R. Brooks,Deborah A. McLennan
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 456 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Science
ISBN : 0226075710

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Phylogeny, Ecology, and Behavior by Daniel R. Brooks,Deborah A. McLennan Pdf

"The merits of this work are many. A rigorous integration of phylogenetic hypotheses into studies of adaptation, adaptive radiation, and coevolution is absolutely necessary and can change dramatically our collective 'gestalt' about much in evolutionary biology. The authors advance and illustrate this thesis beautifully. The writing is often lucid, the examples are plentiful and diverse, and the juxtaposition of examples from different biological systems argues forcefully for the validity of the thesis. Many new insights are offered here, and the work is usually accessible to both the practiced phylogeneticist and the naive ecologist."—Joseph Travis, Florida State University "[Phylogeny, Ecology, and Behavior] presents its arguments forcefully and cogently, with ample . . .support. Brooks and McLennan conclude as they began, with the comment that evolution is a result, not a process, and that it is the result of an interaction of a variety of processes, environmental and historical. Evolutionary explanations must consider all these components, else they are incomplete. As Darwin's explanations of descent with modification integrated genealogical and ecological information, so must workers now incorporate historical and nonhistorical, and biological and nonbiological, processes in their evolutionary perspective."—Marvalee H. Wake, Bioscience "This book is well-written and thought-provoking, and should be read by those of us who do not routinely turn to phylogenetic analysis when investigating adaptation, evolutionary ecology and co-evolution."—Mark R. MacNair, Journal of Natural History

Parasite Diversity and Diversification

Serge Morand,Boris R. Krasnov,D. Timothy J. Littlewood
Parasite Diversity and Diversification Book PDF

Author : Serge Morand,Boris R. Krasnov,D. Timothy J. Littlewood
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 503 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2015-02-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781107037656

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Parasite Diversity and Diversification by Serge Morand,Boris R. Krasnov,D. Timothy J. Littlewood Pdf

By joining phylogenetics and evolutionary ecology, this book explores the patterns of parasite diversity while revealing diversification processes.

The Princeton Guide to Evolution

David A. Baum,Douglas J. Futuyma,Hopi E. Hoekstra,Richard E. Lenski,Allen J. Moore,Cahterine L. Peichel,Dolph Schluter,Michael C. Whitlock
The Princeton Guide to Evolution Book PDF

Author : David A. Baum,Douglas J. Futuyma,Hopi E. Hoekstra,Richard E. Lenski,Allen J. Moore,Cahterine L. Peichel,Dolph Schluter,Michael C. Whitlock
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 888 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2013-11-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781400848065

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The Princeton Guide to Evolution by David A. Baum,Douglas J. Futuyma,Hopi E. Hoekstra,Richard E. Lenski,Allen J. Moore,Cahterine L. Peichel,Dolph Schluter,Michael C. Whitlock Pdf

The Princeton Guide to Evolution is a comprehensive, concise, and authoritative reference to the major subjects and key concepts in evolutionary biology, from genes to mass extinctions. Edited by a distinguished team of evolutionary biologists, with contributions from leading researchers, the guide contains some 100 clear, accurate, and up-to-date articles on the most important topics in seven major areas: phylogenetics and the history of life; selection and adaptation; evolutionary processes; genes, genomes, and phenotypes; speciation and macroevolution; evolution of behavior, society, and humans; and evolution and modern society. Complete with more than 100 illustrations (including eight pages in color), glossaries of key terms, suggestions for further reading on each topic, and an index, this is an essential volume for undergraduate and graduate students, scientists in related fields, and anyone else with a serious interest in evolution. Explains key topics in some 100 concise and authoritative articles written by a team of leading evolutionary biologists Contains more than 100 illustrations, including eight pages in color Each article includes an outline, glossary, bibliography, and cross-references Covers phylogenetics and the history of life; selection and adaptation; evolutionary processes; genes, genomes, and phenotypes; speciation and macroevolution; evolution of behavior, society, and humans; and evolution and modern society

Bayesian Phylogenetics

Ming-Hui Chen,Lynn Kuo,Paul O. Lewis
Bayesian Phylogenetics Book PDF

Author : Ming-Hui Chen,Lynn Kuo,Paul O. Lewis
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2014-05-27
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781466500792

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Bayesian Phylogenetics by Ming-Hui Chen,Lynn Kuo,Paul O. Lewis Pdf

Offering a rich diversity of models, Bayesian phylogenetics allows evolutionary biologists, systematists, ecologists, and epidemiologists to obtain answers to very detailed phylogenetic questions. Suitable for graduate-level researchers in statistics and biology, Bayesian Phylogenetics: Methods, Algorithms, and Applications presents a snapshot of current trends in Bayesian phylogenetic research. Encouraging interdisciplinary research, this book introduces state-of-the-art phylogenetics to the Bayesian statistical community and, likewise, presents state-of-the-art Bayesian statistics to the phylogenetics community. The book emphasizes model selection, reflecting recent interest in accurately estimating marginal likelihoods. It also discusses new approaches to improve mixing in Bayesian phylogenetic analyses in which the tree topology varies. In addition, the book covers divergence time estimation, biologically realistic models, and the burgeoning interface between phylogenetics and population genetics.

Molecular Evolution

Ziheng Yang
Molecular Evolution Book PDF

Author : Ziheng Yang
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 509 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780199602605

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Molecular Evolution by Ziheng Yang Pdf

This book presents and explains modern statistical methods and computational algorithms for the comparative analysis of genetic sequence data in the fields of molecular evolution, molecular phylogenetics, statistical phylogeography, and comparative genomics. The book offers numerous examples of real data analysis and numerical calculations to illustrate the theory, in addition to the working problems at the end of each chapter. The coverage of maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods are in particular up-to-date, comprehensive, and authoritative.