Morphology Molecules Evolution And Phylogeny In Polychaeta And Related Taxa

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Morphology, Molecules, Evolution and Phylogeny in Polychaeta and Related Taxa

Universität Osnabrück,Günter Purschke
Morphology Molecules Evolution and Phylogeny in Polychaeta and Related Taxa Book PDF

Author : Universität Osnabrück,Günter Purschke
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 391 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2006-03-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402032400

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Morphology, Molecules, Evolution and Phylogeny in Polychaeta and Related Taxa by Universität Osnabrück,Günter Purschke Pdf

Recently, evidence has been accumulated which shows that some of the groups formerly regarded as independent "phyla" such as Pogonophora (now recognized as Siboglinidae), Echiura, Myzostomida and perhaps Sipuncula, are most probably nothing else than greatly modified Annelida. The extreme morphological diversity found especially in Polychaeta displays the plasticity of a simple segmented organisation that basically is nothing else but a serial repetition of identical units. Thus, annelids are highly important to our understanding of fundamental questions about morphological and adaptive diversity, as well as clarifying evolutionary changes and phylogenetic relationships. The book aims to summarize our knowledge on Polychaetes polychaetes and their allies and gives an overview of recent advances gained by studies that employed conventional and modern methods plus, increasingly and importantly, the use of molecular markers and computer-assisted kinship analyses. It also reflects the state of art in polychaete sciences and presents new questions and controversies. As such it will significantly influence the direction of research on Polychaeta and their related taxa.

The Evolution of Organ Systems

Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa
The Evolution of Organ Systems Book PDF

Author : Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2007-08-30
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780198566687

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The Evolution of Organ Systems by Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa Pdf

Although there are several books on the phylogenetic relationships of animals, this is the first to focus on the consequences of such relationships for the evolution of organs themselves. It provides a summary of evolutionary hypotheses for each of the major organ systems, describing alternative theories in those cases of continuing controversy.

Deep Metazoan Phylogeny: The Backbone of the Tree of Life

J. Wolfgang Wägele,Thomas Bartolomaeus
Deep Metazoan Phylogeny The Backbone of the Tree of Life Book PDF

Author : J. Wolfgang Wägele,Thomas Bartolomaeus
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 770 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2014-08-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783110372960

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Deep Metazoan Phylogeny: The Backbone of the Tree of Life by J. Wolfgang Wägele,Thomas Bartolomaeus Pdf

The growing success of molecular methods has challenged traditional views of animal evolution and a large number of alternative hypotheses are hotly debated today. For the deep metazoan phylogeny project, data sets of hitherto unmatched quality and quantity were compiled and analysed with innovative bioinformatics tools. The book begins at the base of the tree of life to discuss the origin of animals and early branches of the phylogenetic tree. The following section presents special data sets gained from mitochondrial genomes and from morphology, with a focus on nervous systems. The final section is dedicated to theoretical aspects of data analysis and new bioinformatics tools. The book closes with a unique general discussion of all hypotheses contained in previous chapters. This work provides the most comprehensive overview available of the state of the art in this exciting field of evolutionary research.

Structure and Evolution of Invertebrate Nervous Systems

Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa,Steffen Harzsch,Günter Purschke
Structure and Evolution of Invertebrate Nervous Systems Book PDF

Author : Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa,Steffen Harzsch,Günter Purschke
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 776 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2015-12-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780191066214

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Structure and Evolution of Invertebrate Nervous Systems by Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa,Steffen Harzsch,Günter Purschke Pdf

The nervous system is particularly fascinating for many biologists because it controls animal characteristics such as movement, behavior, and coordinated thinking. Invertebrate neurobiology has traditionally been studied in specific model organisms, whilst knowledge of the broad diversity of nervous system architecture and its evolution among metazoan animals has received less attention. This is the first major reference work in the field for 50 years, bringing together many leading evolutionary neurobiologists to review the most recent research on the structure of invertebrate nervous systems and provide a comprehensive and authoritative overview for a new generation of researchers. Presented in full colour throughout, Structure and Evolution of Invertebrate Nervous Systems synthesizes and illustrates the numerous new findings that have been made possible with light and electron microscopy. These include the recent introduction of new molecular and optical techniques such as immunohistochemical staining of neuron-specific antigens and fluorescence in-situ-hybridization, combined with visualization by confocal laser scanning microscopy. New approaches to analysing the structure of the nervous system are also included such as micro-computational tomography, cryo-soft X-ray tomography, and various 3-D visualization techniques. The book follows a systematic and phylogenetic structure, covering a broad range of taxa, interspersed with chapters focusing on selected topics in nervous system functioning which are presented as research highlights and perspectives. This comprehensive reference work will be an essential companion for graduate students and researchers alike in the fields of metazoan neurobiology, morphology, zoology, phylogeny and evolution.

Annelida

Günter Purschke,Markus Böggemann,Wilfried Westheide
Annelida Book PDF

Author : Günter Purschke,Markus Böggemann,Wilfried Westheide
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 492 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2019-03-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783110291582

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Annelida by Günter Purschke,Markus Böggemann,Wilfried Westheide Pdf

This book is the first in a series of 4 volumes in the Handbook of Zoology series about morphology, anatomy, reproduction, development, ecology, phylogeny and systematics of Annelida. This first volume covers members of the so-called basal radiation and the first part of Sedentaria. It is supplemented by chapters on the history of annelid research, their fossil record, and an introduction to the phylogeny of annelids and their position in the tree of life. In the latter chapter the history of their systematic is reviewed giving an almost complete picture of systematic-scientific progress especially in the past years which changed our view on annelid phylogeny dramatically. The most basal annelids, lately united as Palaeoannelida, represent two families of aberrant polychaetes formerly often suggested to be highly derived which now give us a fresh look on how the ancestral annelid may have looked like. These lack certain key characters such as nuchal organs and possess rather simple nervous systems which now likely represent primitive character states. In this basal radiation the first taxon of apparently unsegmented and achaetigerous animals is positioned, the Sipuncula. Most likely another group of platyhelminth-like and unsegmented and even chaeta-lees annelids, Lobatocerebridae falls into this basal radiation. The section of Sedentaria starts with Orbiniida, a taxon characterized by elongated, thread-like worms which do not have anterior appendages like palps and comprises several families representing members of the Meiofauna. These minute worms often inhabiting the interstitial spaces in marine sands are suggested to have evolved by progenesis. The second higher taxon is represented by Cirratuliformia comprising nine families of typical sedentary polychaetes each of which showing a remarkable variation of the annelid body plan. Members of this taxon usually exhibit many annelid characters but certain also lack the most typical prostomial appendages, the palps.

Annelida

Günter Purschke,Wilfried Westheide,Markus Böggemann
Annelida Book PDF

Author : Günter Purschke,Wilfried Westheide,Markus Böggemann
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2020-02-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783110291681

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Annelida by Günter Purschke,Wilfried Westheide,Markus Böggemann Pdf

This book is the second volume in a series of 4 volumes in the Handbook of Zoology series treating morphology, anatomy, reproduction, development, ecology, phylogeny, systematics and taxonomy of polychaetous Annelida. In this volume a comprehensive review of a few more derived higher taxa within Sedentaria are given, namely Sabellida, Opheliida/Capitellida as well as Hrabeiellidae. The former comprise annelids possessing a body divided into two more or less distinct regions or tagmata called thorax and abdomen. Here two groups of families are united, the spioniform and sabelliform polychaetes. Especially Spionidae and Sabellidae are speciose families within this group and represent two of the largest annelid families. These animals live in various types of burrows or tubes and all possess so-called feeding palps. In one group these appendages are differentiated as grooved feeding palps, whereas in the other they may form highly elaborated circular tentacular crowns comprising a number of radioles mostly giving off numerous filamentous pinnulae. Often additionally colourful, the latter are also received the common names "feather-duster worms", "flowers of the sea", "Christmas-tree worms". Opheliida/Capitellida including five families of truly worm-like annelids without appendages represents the contrary. Their members burrow in soft bottom substrates and may be classified as non-selective deposit feeders. Molecular phylogenetic analyses have shown that Echiura or spoon worms, formerly regarded to represent a separate phylum, are members of this group. Last not least Hrabeiellidae is one out of only two families of oligochaete-like terrestrial polychaetes and for this reason received strong scientific interest.

Pleistoannelida, Errantia II

Günter Purschke,Markus Böggemann,Wilfried Westheide
Pleistoannelida Errantia II Book PDF

Author : Günter Purschke,Markus Böggemann,Wilfried Westheide
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 498 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2022-01-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783110647167

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Pleistoannelida, Errantia II by Günter Purschke,Markus Böggemann,Wilfried Westheide Pdf

This book is the fourth in a series of 4 volumes in the Handbook of Zoology series about morphology, anatomy, reproduction, development, ecology, phylogeny and systematics of Annelida. It covers the most typical polychaetes, Phyllodocida, together with certain smaller taxa placed incertae sedis. This volume completes the polychaetous Annelida. Phyllodocida are often vagile, possess well-developed parapodia. Due to their broad and flat cirri these parapodia look like leaves in some taxa and leading to the name of the entire group. Many of its members are macrophagous and often predators. Accordingly most species possess elaborate sense structures such as sensory palps, antennae, eyes and nuchal organs. In certain species the eyes comprise thousands of photoreceptor cells and lenses most likely allowing forming true images. Phyllodocida typically possess an axial muscular pharynx called proboscis functioning as a kind of suction pipe allowing them to swallow and ingest their prey or other food. This pharynx may be armed with cuticular jaws and some species even possess venom glands. The probably most popular and important polychaete model organism, Platynereis dumerilii, belongs to this interesting group. Phyllodocida fall into two to three higher clades comprising about 25 families which represent more than one fourth of the polychaete diversity. One of these families, Syllidae, comprises about 700 valid species of mainly small size and may, therefore, represent one of the most complex and somehow difficult polychaete families on Earth.

Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I

Günter Purschke,Markus Böggemann,Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa,Wilfried Westheide
Pleistoannelida Sedentaria III and Errantia I Book PDF

Author : Günter Purschke,Markus Böggemann,Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa,Wilfried Westheide
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 491 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2020-11-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783110291704

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Pleistoannelida, Sedentaria III and Errantia I by Günter Purschke,Markus Böggemann,Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa,Wilfried Westheide Pdf

This book is the third volume in a series of 4 volumes in the Handbook of Zoology series treating morphology, anatomy, reproduction, development, ecology, phylogeny, systematics and taxonomy of polychaetous Annelida. It is devoted to the remaining Sedentaria and the first branches of Errantia. These sedentary polychaetes are Terebellida and Arenicolida, all of which are tube-dwelling and deposit feeders. The tubes may be simple burrows stabilized by mucus or the tubes are highly sophisticated often really aesthetic structures build-up of sediment grains glued together by their secretion. Although the former possess anterior appendages used for collecting food particles, these are likely not modified palps rather than a new acquisition. Many of these species are adapted to occur within environments characterized by low oxygen supply and so many members of these taxa possess elaborated branchiae, usually positioned on a number of anterior body segments except for Maldanidae which look like bamboo sticks and thus earned their common name bamboo worms. Members of Arenicolida and Maldanida may occur in high abundance and as such they create biogenically graded sediment beds. The Errantia part starts with Myzostomida, a group of symbiotic animals associated with echinoderms which have been variously placed within the tree of life. As such they show numerous adaptations to this specific mode of life. The next group discussed within Errantia is Protodrilida, a taxon comprising four families of the former archiannelids which belong to the interstitial fauna. Most likely they evolved by miniaturization from larger ancestors. In contrast to typical errants they do not possess well-developed parapodia and antennae. This taxon is followed by Eunicida characterized by possession of a specific jaw apparatus situated ventrally in the foregut and associated with specific musculature. Also being a species rich group showing various feeding modes some of the smallest and the largest members belong to this taxon.

Evolutionary Developmental Biology of Invertebrates 2

Andreas Wanninger
Evolutionary Developmental Biology of Invertebrates 2 Book PDF

Author : Andreas Wanninger
Publisher : Springer
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2015-08-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783709118719

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Evolutionary Developmental Biology of Invertebrates 2 by Andreas Wanninger Pdf

This multi-author, six-volume work summarizes our current knowledge on the developmental biology of all major invertebrate animal phyla. The main aspects of cleavage, embryogenesis, organogenesis and gene expression are discussed in an evolutionary framework. Each chapter presents an in-depth yet concise overview of both classical and recent literature, supplemented by numerous color illustrations and micrographs of a given animal group. The largely taxon-based chapters are supplemented by essays on topical aspects relevant to modern-day EvoDevo research such as regeneration, embryos in the fossil record, homology in the age of genomics and the role of EvoDevo in the context of reconstructing evolutionary and phylogenetic scenarios. A list of open questions at the end of each chapter may serve as a source of inspiration for the next generation of EvoDevo scientists. Evolutionary Developmental Biology of Invertebrates is a must-have for any scientist, teacher or student interested in developmental and evolutionary biology as well as in general invertebrate zoology. This volume covers the animals that have a ciliated larva in their lifecycle (often grouped together as the Lophotrochozoa), as well as the Gnathifera and the Gastrotricha. The interrelationships of these taxa are poorly resolved and a broadly accepted, clade-defining autapomorphy has yet to be defined. Spiral cleavage is sometimes assumed to be the ancestral mode of cleavage of this grouping and therefore the clade is referred to as Spiralia by some authors, although others prefer to extend the term Lophotrochozoa to this entire assemblage. Aside from the taxon-based chapters, this volume includes a chapter that highlights similarities and differences in the processes that underlie regeneration and ontogeny, using the Platyhelminthes as a case study.

Systematics and Diversity of Annelids

Maria Capa,Pat Hutchings
Systematics and Diversity of Annelids Book PDF

Author : Maria Capa,Pat Hutchings
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2021-08-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783036513904

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Systematics and Diversity of Annelids by Maria Capa,Pat Hutchings Pdf

In this Special Issue, we address the state of the art of the systematics of the main annelid groups and the improvements in the diversity they hold, with special emphasis on the latest discoveries in well-studied areas, expeditions to unsurveyed areas or environments, or the use of novel techniques that allow for the improvement of biodiversity knowledge. We are hoping that this Special Issue will provide a platform facilitating a review of current knowledge on the subject, identifying current research problems, as well as indicating directions and research trends for the future.

Emerging Model Systems in Developmental Biology

Anonim
Emerging Model Systems in Developmental Biology Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 728 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2022-03-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128201602

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Emerging Model Systems in Developmental Biology by Anonim Pdf

An ever-growing roster of model organisms is a hallmark of 21st century Developmental Biology. Emerging model organisms are well suited to asking some fascinating and important questions that cannot be addressed using established model systems. And new methods are increasingly facilitating the adoption of new research organisms in laboratories. This volume is written by some of the scientists who have played pivotal roles in developing new models or in significantly advancing tools in emerging systems. Presents some of the most interesting additions to the core set of model organisms Contains contributions from people who have developed new model systems or advanced tools Includes personal stories about how and why model systems were developed

The Sipuncula

Edward B. Cutler
The Sipuncula Book PDF

Author : Edward B. Cutler
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 474 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2018-10-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781501723643

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The Sipuncula by Edward B. Cutler Pdf

The Sipuncula, a group of ocean-dwelling worms related to annelids and mollusks, play a significant role in the bioerosion of coral reefs and are useful indicators of environmental conditions. The 155 species live in a wide variety of marine habitats at all depths, in sand and mud, in burrows in soft rock and dead coral, and inside such protective shelters as mollusk shells. Important food items for fish and invertebrate predators, they also recycle organic wastes and function as bioassay tools for human diseases such as cystic fibrosis and acute cholera. Edward B. Cutler brings together in this volume everything that is known about the entire phylum. An introduction, with practical information about collecting and handling the animals, is followed by Part One, which incorporates new systematic analyses made during the past twenty years and offers illustrated keys to all taxa, replacing the work of A.C. Stephen and S.J. Edmonds. Part Two reviews the past thirty years' work in such areas as ecology, muscular sysetms, blood chemistry, respiration, reproduction, and excretion. Part Three provides a new synthetic perspective on the phylum's zoogeography and evolutionary relationships, both to other phyla and within the phylum. It utilizes information from the fossil record, paleo-oceanographic data, and comparative studies of immunology, physiology, embryology, and anatomy.

Reproductive Strategies and Developmental Patterns in Annelids

Adriaan W.C. Dorresteijn,Wilfried Westheide
Reproductive Strategies and Developmental Patterns in Annelids Book PDF

Author : Adriaan W.C. Dorresteijn,Wilfried Westheide
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401728874

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Reproductive Strategies and Developmental Patterns in Annelids by Adriaan W.C. Dorresteijn,Wilfried Westheide Pdf

The fascination of the Annelida to scientists lies in the beauty of their structures and the functionality of their body plan, the tremendous adaptive radiation which has made it possible for these animals to colonize almost all marine, limnic and terrestrial biotopes. In doing so they have evolved a great variety of life forms, and their reproduction and development are correspondingly diverse, with many modes and patterns unique in the animal kingdom. In this special volume recent progress in this broad research area is presented by 26 specialists, in general through surveys or treatments of selected examples. Some of them review important annelid taxa such as the Nereididae, Syllidae, Spionidae, Cirratulidae, Clitellata, and Pogonophora; others analyse reproductive and developmental structures and phenomena in annelids, e.g. segmental organs, sex pheromones, oogenesis, mating systems, sperm types, life cycles, larval settlement, cleavage and symmetry of embryos, or discuss controversial approaches to annelid systematics. The book will be of interest to all zoologists who work with annelids as well as to embryologists and other researchers in reproductive biology.

Annelida

Greg Rouse,Fredrik Pleijel,Ekin Tilic
Annelida Book PDF

Author : Greg Rouse,Fredrik Pleijel,Ekin Tilic
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2022-01-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780192591623

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Annelida by Greg Rouse,Fredrik Pleijel,Ekin Tilic Pdf

Annelids (the segmented worms) exist in a remarkably diverse range of mostly marine but also freshwater and terrestrial habitats, varying greatly in size and form. Annelida provides a fully updated and expanded taxonomic reference work which broadens the scope of the classic Polychaetes (OUP, 2001) to encompass wider groups including Clitellata (comprising more than a third of total annelid diversity), Sipuncula, and Thalassematidae (formerly Echiura). It reflects the enormous amount of research on these organisms that has burgeoned since the millennium, principally due to their use as model organisms to address wider and more general evolutionary and ecological questions. Beginning with a clear introduction to the phylum and an outline of annelid taxonomy, this authoritative text describes their collection, the methods to ensure their optimal preservation, and an overview of anatomy with its relevant terminology. The core of the work comprises 77 fully up-to-date taxonomic chapters, informed by anatomy and the latest molecular phylogenomic evidence and carefully organised based on a new, robust phylogenetic hypothesis. Lavishly illustrated throughout with hundreds of previously unpublished high-resolution colour images and SEM micrographs, the sheer beauty and diversity of the annelids is nowhere better presented. Annelida is the definitive reference work for annelid biologists, whilst being of interest to a broader audience of invertebrate zoologists, systematists, and organismal biologists.

Revision of Sternaspis Otto, 1821 (Polychaeta, Sternaspidae)

Kelly Sendall,Sergio I. Salazar-Vallejo
Revision of Sternaspis Otto 1821 Polychaeta Sternaspidae Book PDF

Author : Kelly Sendall,Sergio I. Salazar-Vallejo
Publisher : PenSoft Publishers LTD
Page : 82 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2013-04-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789546426796

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Revision of Sternaspis Otto, 1821 (Polychaeta, Sternaspidae) by Kelly Sendall,Sergio I. Salazar-Vallejo Pdf

The peanut-shaped sternaspid polychaetes have been known since 1760 when Plancus named them as Mentula cucurbitacea marina. Sternaspids are common and abundant in soft bottoms. Some authors suggested that only one species should be recognized, whereas others regard a few species very widely distributed and variable depths. Delineating species was problematic; the ventro-caudal shield was disregarded or barely used for identifying species. In this contribution the ventral shield is evaluated and its diagnostic potential is confirmed. The revision of Sternaspis is based upon type or topotype materials. Sternaspid body, introvert hooks and shield show three distinct patterns: two genera have 7 abdominal segments and tapered introvert hooks, and one genus has 8 abdominal segments and spatulate introvert hooks. The ventro-caudal shield has 3 different patterns: stiff with ribs, and sometimes concentric lines, stiff with feebly-defined ribs but no concentric lines, and soft with firmly adhered sediment particles. Sternaspis is restricted to include species with 7 abdominal segments, falcate introvert hooks, and stiff shields, often exhibiting radial ribs, concentric lines or both. Two new genera incorporate the remaining species: Caulleryaspis has falcate introvert hooks, 7 abdominal segments, and soft shields with sediment particles firmly adhered on them. Petersenaspis has spatulate introvert hooks, 8 abdominal segments, and stiff shields with poorly-defined ribs but no concentric line. The geographic range of most species is smaller than previously indicated. Keys to genera and to all species are also included.