Multielement System Design In Astronomy And Radio Science

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Multielement System Design in Astronomy and Radio Science

L.E. Kopilovich,L.G. Sodin
Multielement System Design in Astronomy and Radio Science Book PDF

Author : L.E. Kopilovich,L.G. Sodin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401597517

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Multielement System Design in Astronomy and Radio Science by L.E. Kopilovich,L.G. Sodin Pdf

The multielement systems have been widely used in many fields of astron omy and radio science in the last decades. This is caused by the increasing demands on the resolution and sensitivity of such systems over the wide range of the electromagnetic wavelengths, from gamma up to radio. The ground-based optical and radio interferometers, gamma-ray and X-ray or bital telescopes, antenna arrays of radio telescopes and also some other radio devices belong to scientific instruments using multielement systems. There fore, the current problems of the optimal construction of such systems, or precisely, those of searching for the best arrangement of the elements in them, were formulated. A rather large number of scientific papers, including those of the authors, is devoted to these problems, and we believe that the time has come to integrate the basic results of the papers into the mono graph. The offered book consists of three parts. The first part is concerned with the optimal synthesis of optical and radio interferometers of various types and purposes; the synthesis of non-equidistant antenna arrays is con sidered in the second part; and the methods for the construction of coded masks for X-ray and gamma-ray orbital telescopes are expounded in the third one. Since in the text combinatorial constructions which are little known to astronomers are used, the necessary information is given in the appendices. Various tables containing the parameters of the systems consid ered are also represented.

Scientific Detectors for Astronomy

P. Amico,James W. Beletic,Jenna E. Beletic
Scientific Detectors for Astronomy Book PDF

Author : P. Amico,James W. Beletic,Jenna E. Beletic
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 653 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2004-02-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402017889

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Scientific Detectors for Astronomy by P. Amico,James W. Beletic,Jenna E. Beletic Pdf

These proceedings are from the fifth workshop of a series that concentrated on optical CCDs for the first four installments. At this workshop, for the first time, our "bandpass" was broadened to include infrared detectors. Every leading manufacturer, all major astronomical observatories and the experts in the field gathered on the Big Island of Hawaii for a week long workshop dedicated to scientific detectors for astronomy. This book captures the spirit of a unique event that was both an intensive exchange of technical information and a very friendly gathering of a cooperative community. The state-of-the-art papers include the latest technologies from detector manufacturers, observatory plans, instrumentation applications, electronics, extremely large focal planes, testing techniques and space missions.

Radio Recombination Lines

M.A. Gordon,Roman L. Sorochenko
Radio Recombination Lines Book PDF

Author : M.A. Gordon,Roman L. Sorochenko
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401002615

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Radio Recombination Lines by M.A. Gordon,Roman L. Sorochenko Pdf

Recombination lines at radio wavelengths have been - and still are - a pow erful tool for modern astronomy. For more than thirty years they have allowed astronomers to probe the gases from which stars form. They have even been detected in the Sun. In addition, observations of these spectral lines facilitate basic research into the atom, in forms and environments that can only exist in the huge dimensions and extreme conditions of cosmic laboratories. We intend this book to serve as a tourist's guide to the world of Radio Recombination Lines. It contains three divisions: a history of their discovery, the physics of how they form and how their voyage to us influences their spectral profiles, and a description of their many astronomical contributions to date. The appendix includes supplementary calculations that may be useful to some astronomers. This material also includes tables of line frequencies from 12 MHz to 30THz (AlOJLm) as well as FORTRAN computer code to calculate the fine structure components of the lines, to evaluate radial matrix integrals, and to calculate the departure coefficients of hydrogen in a cosmic environment. It also describes how to convert observational to astrophysical units. The text includes extensive references to the literature to assist readers who want more details.

Difference Sets, Sequences and their Correlation Properties

A. Pott,P. Vijay Kumar,Tor Helleseth,Dieter Jungnickel
Difference Sets Sequences and their Correlation Properties Book PDF

Author : A. Pott,P. Vijay Kumar,Tor Helleseth,Dieter Jungnickel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 451 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9789401144599

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Difference Sets, Sequences and their Correlation Properties by A. Pott,P. Vijay Kumar,Tor Helleseth,Dieter Jungnickel Pdf

The explanation of the formal duality of Kerdock and Preparata codes is one of the outstanding results in the field of applied algebra in the last few years. This result is related to the discovery of large sets of quad riphase sequences over Z4 whose correlation properties are better than those of the best binary sequences. Moreover, the correlation properties of sequences are closely related to difference properties of certain sets in (cyclic) groups. It is the purpose of this book to illustrate the connection between these three topics. Most articles grew out of lectures given at the NATO Ad vanced Study Institute on "Difference sets, sequences and their correlation properties". This workshop took place in Bad Windsheim (Germany) in August 1998. The editors thank the NATO Scientific Affairs Division for the generous support of this workshop. Without this support, the present collection of articles would not have been realized.

Organizations and Strategies in Astronomy

Andre Heck
Organizations and Strategies in Astronomy Book PDF

Author : Andre Heck
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401006064

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Organizations and Strategies in Astronomy by Andre Heck Pdf

We have arrived at the third volume of this useful series on Organiza tions and Strategies in Astronomy (OSA). It contains seventeen articles on a wide range of topics, from virtual observatories, astronomy organizations in various communities (Czech Republic, Slovak Republic, South Africa), and the role of ground stations in space observatories, to quality assurance in UK higher education. In this foreword, I shall give some views on ideas expressed in this volume, in particular from my personal experience when I was project officer for the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). Let me first remind readers that present and future astronomy is in creasingly dependent on high-level management. Not everybody knows that the scheduling of the Hubble Space Telescope is performed by a neural network software called SPIKE, described in the stimulating workshop New Observing Modes for the Next Centuryl, partly reported in OSA Volume II by 1. Robson. New observing facilities, in space or on the ground, are so complex that they need highly qualified engineers and rigorous management procedures. Each observing hour on the Very Large Telescope (VLT) fa cility is worth about EUR 7,000, including the amortization of the capital expenses over 30 years. This does not leave much room for amateurism, neither in the time allocation procedures, nor in the daily telescope control.

Physics of the Solar System

B. Bertotti,P. Farinella,D. Vokrouhlicky
Physics of the Solar System Book PDF

Author : B. Bertotti,P. Farinella,D. Vokrouhlicky
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 706 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401002332

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Physics of the Solar System by B. Bertotti,P. Farinella,D. Vokrouhlicky Pdf

This book is a direct sequel to: B. Bcrtotri and P. Farinclla, "Physics of the Earth and the Solar System, Dynamics and Evolution. Space Navigation. Spa cc-Time Structure" (Kluwcr Academic Publishers, 1990). Nearly 15 years af tcr its publication it became evident that the volume was in need of a new edition to keep up with the outstanding progress and the changing perspectives in this field. David Vokrouhlicky agreed to collaborate on the project and be the third author. On March 25, 2000. after a tong illness and a heart transplant. Paolo Farinella passed away. We then decided that. rather than aiming at a second edition, it made more sense to rewrite the book anew. While its basic content and the structure of the chapters are the same, important new topics have been added, including the extrasolar planetary systems, transneptunian objects. accurate determination of reference frames and new space projects. Greater relevance has been given to scmiquantitarive discussions before intro ducing formal developments: many figures have been added and updated and several errors corrected. More emphasis has given to the solar system, whereas geophysical topics have been left at a less advanced level. To mark this change the slightly differ ent title "Physics of the Solar System" was chosen. We wish to dedicate this book to the memory of Paolo Farinella. an out standing scientist, an invaluable collaborator and a dear friend.

Civic Astronomy

George Wise
Civic Astronomy Book PDF

Author : George Wise
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2012-11-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402026782

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Civic Astronomy by George Wise Pdf

The founding of the Dudley Observatory at Albany, N.Y., in 1852 was a milestone in humanity's age-old quest to understand the heavens. As the best equipped astronomical observatory in the U.S. led by the first American to hold a Ph.D. in astronomy, Benjamin Apthorp Gould Jr., the observatory helped pioneer world-class astronomy in America. It also proclaimed Albany's status as a major national center of culture, knowledge and affluence. This book explores the story of the Dudley Observatory as a 150 year long episode in civic astronomy. The story ranges from a bitter civic controversy to a venture into space, from the banks of the Hudson River to the highlands of Argentina. It is a unique glimpse at a path not taken, a way of doing science once promising, now vanished. As discoveries by the Dudley Observatory's astronomers, especially its second director Lewis Boss, made significant contributions to the modern vision of our Milky Way galaxy as a rotating spiral of more than a million stars, the advance of astronomy left that little observatory behind.

Dynamical Systems and Cosmology

A.A. Coley
Dynamical Systems and Cosmology Book PDF

Author : A.A. Coley
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2003-10-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 1402014031

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Dynamical Systems and Cosmology by A.A. Coley Pdf

Dynamical systems theory is especially well-suited for determining the possible asymptotic states (at both early and late times) of cosmological models, particularly when the governing equations are a finite system of autonomous ordinary differential equations. In this book we discuss cosmological models as dynamical systems, with particular emphasis on applications in the early Universe. We point out the important role of self-similar models. We review the asymptotic properties of spatially homogeneous perfect fluid models in general relativity. We then discuss results concerning scalar field models with an exponential potential (both with and without barotropic matter). Finally, we discuss the dynamical properties of cosmological models derived from the string effective action. This book is a valuable source for all graduate students and professional astronomers who are interested in modern developments in cosmology.

Light Pollution: The Global View

H.E Schwarz
Light Pollution The Global View Book PDF

Author : H.E Schwarz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401701259

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Light Pollution: The Global View by H.E Schwarz Pdf

The effects of light pollution on flora, fauna -including humans and their widely varying night-time activities- are often subtle and need extensive field studies to be quantified in a sensible manner. Some of the highlights were: The presentation of the 1st world atlas of artificial night sky brightness (Cinzano et al.); the article by the International Darksky Association on their world-wide efforts to curb light pollution (Alvarez del Castillo et al.); the laws controlling light pollution implemented in Spain (Diaz et al.) and Chile (Sanhueza et al.), an overview of the work on radio frequency protection of sites (Cohen et al.) and the excellent introduction to the topic from the Chilean point of view (Daud). Related topics in the book are light pollution education, aircraft contrails, space advertising (with an added document provided by the relevant UN commission), and an experiment on involving the population of an entire country in measuring sky brightness, by using the internet and the media. The text is aimed at professionals from a wide range of disciplines related to lighting and its effects on the night-time environment in the broadest sense of the word. Lay persons interested in this emerging multi-disciplinary field can also find much of interest in this book.

Mass-Losing Pulsating Stars and their Circumstellar Matter

Y. Nakada,M. Honma,M. Seki
Mass Losing Pulsating Stars and their Circumstellar Matter Book PDF

Author : Y. Nakada,M. Honma,M. Seki
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2003-03-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 1402011628

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Mass-Losing Pulsating Stars and their Circumstellar Matter by Y. Nakada,M. Honma,M. Seki Pdf

Editing the proceedings of a scientific meeting is not an easy task. Sometimes people who give an excellent talk do not send the manuscript by the deadline. However, this time, thanks to the punctuality of all the participants, we have this excellent volume for the workshop on mass losing pulsating stars and their circumstellar matter prepared in time. Almost all of the oral presentations including the summary are collected in this volume. We regret that we cannot put in this volume a few posters that we failed to receive before the editorial work. The workshop was planned as a small meeting with less than fifty attendants because the city of Sendai was far from the most of the active institutions. However, the number of submitted papers exceeded the SOC's expectation; many interesting contributions had to be scheduled in the poster session. Still, the oral sessions were so tight that many participants might have felt frustrated for the shortage of discussions. The organizers of the workshop have to apologize to the attendants for the inconvenience caused from such a happy underestimate about the size of the workshop.

Cartography of the Sun and the Stars

Jean-Pierre Rozelot,Coralie Neiner
Cartography of the Sun and the Stars Book PDF

Author : Jean-Pierre Rozelot,Coralie Neiner
Publisher : Springer
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2016-03-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319241517

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Cartography of the Sun and the Stars by Jean-Pierre Rozelot,Coralie Neiner Pdf

The mapping of the surface of stars requires diverse skills, analysis techniques and advanced modeling, i.e. the collaboration of scientists in various specialties. This volume gives insights into new techniques allowing for the first time to obtain resolved images of stars. It takes stock of what has been achieved so far in Chile, on the ESO VLTI instrument or, in the States, on the CHARA instrument. In recent times interferometry, combined with adaptive optics has allowed to reconstruct images of stars. Besides the Sun (of course) by now five stars have been resolved in detail. In addition to interferometry, this book highlights techniques used for mapping the surfaces of stars using photometry made by space observatories; Zeeman- and Doppler Imaging; mapping the surface element abundances via spectroscopy. This book will also take stock of the best images of the solar surface, made by connecting the differential rotation to the underlying physical parameters derived from helioseismology. Recent measurements of flattening of the solar surface by SDO showed that the Sun’s shape is linked to the rotation of the core. It is shown how such a result is generalizable to the stars.

Searching the Heavens and the Earth

Agustin UDIAS
Searching the Heavens and the Earth Book PDF

Author : Agustin UDIAS
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 373 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401703499

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Searching the Heavens and the Earth by Agustin UDIAS Pdf

Jesuits established a large number of astronomical, geophysical and meteorological observatories during the 17th and 18th centuries and again during the 19th and 20th centuries throughout the world. The history of these observatories has never been published in a complete form. Many early European astronomical observatories were established in Jesuit colleges. During the 17th and 18th centuries Jesuits were the first western scientists to enter into contact with China and India. It was through them that western astronomy was first introduced in these countries. They made early astronomical observations in India and China and they directed for 150 years the Imperial Observatory of Beijing. In the 19th and 20th centuries a new set of observatories were established. Besides astronomy these now included meteorology and geophysics. Jesuits established some of the earliest observatories in Africa, South America and the Far East. Jesuit observatories constitute an often forgotten chapter of the history of these sciences.

Plasma Astrophysics

Arnold O. Benz
Plasma Astrophysics Book PDF

Author : Arnold O. Benz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2006-05-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780306477195

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Plasma Astrophysics by Arnold O. Benz Pdf

This textbook is intended as an introduction to the physics of solar and stellar coronae, emphasizing kinetic plasma processes. It is addressed to observational astronomers, graduate students, and advanced undergraduates without a ba- ground in plasma physics. Coronal physics is today a vast field with many different aims and goals. So- ing out the really important aspects of an observed phenomenon and using the physics best suited for the case is a formidable problem. There are already several excellent books, oriented toward the interests of astrophysicists, that deal with the magnetohydrodynamics of stellar atmospheres, radiation transport, and radiation theory. In kinetic processes, the different particle velocities play an important role. This is the case when particle collisions can be neglected, for example in very brief phenomena – such as one period of a high-frequency wave – or in effects produced by energetic particles with very long collision times. Some of the most persistent problems of solar physics, like coronal heating, shock waves, flare energy release, and particle acceleration, are likely to be at least partially related to such p- cesses. Study of the Sun is not regarded here as an end in itself, but as the source of information for more general stellar applications. Our understanding of stellar processes relies heavily, in turn, on our understanding of solar processes. Thus an introduction to what is happening in hot, dilute coronae necessarily starts with the plasma physics of our nearest star.

Organizations and Strategies in Astronomy 6

Andre Heck
Organizations and Strategies in Astronomy 6 Book PDF

Author : Andre Heck
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2006-01-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 1402040555

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Organizations and Strategies in Astronomy 6 by Andre Heck Pdf

When I wasa child, growing up in South America,I often went camping in the wild and hence had direct access to the wondrous Southern sky; the Southern Cross was all mine at the time. Little did I know then that the study of the sky would take such a huge importance in my life, and that in the end astronomy and astrophysics would in many ways become my country and my religion. I have lived in several di?erent countries, and when asked my nationality, I am always very tempted to reply: astronomer. I started as a theorist, and my only dream in my youth was to spend nights thinking and calculating, with paper and pencil, and to have the impression by dawn that I had understood something new. So at the time astronomy was seen or dreamt by me as a solitary endeavour, with periodic encounters with my wise adviser and professors; it is this model that I adopted when doing my PhD work. My generation has lived through many revolutions of all kinds. Those in astronomy, I believe, remain particularly remarkable, and I am a true product of them. Now, I elect to live and work in large organizations, and to share my endeavours with many people. And I relish the series of Andr ́ e Heck on Organizations and Strategies in Astronomy, which help us recover our memories, reconstitute our own story, and read with glee about our neighbouring or far-away colleagues.

The Multinational History of Strasbourg Astronomical Observatory

Andre HECK
The Multinational History of Strasbourg Astronomical Observatory Book PDF

Author : Andre HECK
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 316 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2006-04-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402036446

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The Multinational History of Strasbourg Astronomical Observatory by Andre HECK Pdf

Strasbourg Astronomical Observatory is quite an interesting place for historians: several changes of nationality between France and Germany, high-profile scientists having been based there, big projects born or installed within its walls, and so on. Most of the documents circulating on the history of the Observatory and on related matters have however been so far poorly referenced, if at all. This made necessary the compilation of a volume such as this one, offering fully-documented historical facts and references on the first decades of the Observatory history, authored by both French and German specialists. The experts contributing to this book have done their best to write in a way understandable to readers not necessarily hyperspecialized in astronomy nor in the details of European history. Several appendices conclude the book: lists of council members and of Observatory scientific personnel, as well as a compendium of the institutional publications until the year 2000.