Nanoscale Memory Repair

Author : Masashi Horiguchi,Kiyoo Itoh
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 221 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2011-01-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781441979582

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Nanoscale Memory Repair by Masashi Horiguchi,Kiyoo Itoh Pdf

Yield and reliability of memories have degraded with device and voltage scaling in the nano-scale era, due to ever-increasing hard/soft errors and device parameter variations. This book systematically describes these yield and reliability issues in terms of mathematics and engineering, as well as an array of repair techniques, based on the authors’ long careers in developing memories and low-voltage CMOS circuits. Nanoscale Memory Repair gives a detailed explanation of the various yield models and calculations, as well as various, practical logic and circuits that are critical for higher yield and reliability.

Author : Santosh K. Kurinec,Krzysztof Iniewski
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2017-07-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781466560611

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Nanoscale Semiconductor Memories by Santosh K. Kurinec,Krzysztof Iniewski Pdf

Nanoscale memories are used everywhere. From your iPhone to a supercomputer, every electronic device contains at least one such type. With coverage of current and prototypical technologies, Nanoscale Semiconductor Memories: Technology and Applications presents the latest research in the field of nanoscale memories technology in one place. It also covers a myriad of applications that nanoscale memories technology has enabled. The book begins with coverage of SRAM, addressing the design challenges as the technology scales, then provides design strategies to mitigate radiation induced upsets in SRAM. It discusses the current state-of-the-art DRAM technology and the need to develop high performance sense amplifier circuitry. The text then covers the novel concept of capacitorless 1T DRAM, termed as Advanced-RAM or A-RAM, and presents a discussion on quantum dot (QD) based flash memory. Building on this foundation, the coverage turns to STT-RAM, emphasizing scalable embedded STT-RAM, and the physics and engineering of magnetic domain wall "racetrack" memory. The book also discusses state-of-the-art modeling applied to phase change memory devices and includes an extensive review of RRAM, highlighting the physics of operation and analyzing different materials systems currently under investigation. The hunt is still on for universal memory that fits all the requirements of an "ideal memory" capable of high-density storage, low-power operation, unparalleled speed, high endurance, and low cost. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, this book bridges technological and application issues to provide the groundwork for developing custom designed memory systems.

Author : Amith Singhee,Rob A. Rutenbar
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2010-09-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781441966063

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Extreme Statistics in Nanoscale Memory Design by Amith Singhee,Rob A. Rutenbar Pdf

Knowledge exists: you only have to ?nd it VLSI design has come to an important in?ection point with the appearance of large manufacturing variations as semiconductor technology has moved to 45 nm feature sizes and below. If we ignore the random variations in the manufacturing process, simulation-based design essentially becomes useless, since its predictions will be far from the reality of manufactured ICs. On the other hand, using design margins based on some traditional notion of worst-case scenarios can force us to sacri?ce too much in terms of power consumption or manufacturing cost, to the extent of making the design goals even infeasible. We absolutely need to explicitly account for the statistics of this random variability, to have design margins that are accurate so that we can ?nd the optimum balance between yield loss and design cost. This discontinuity in design processes has led many researchers to develop effective methods of statistical design, where the designer can simulate not just the behavior of the nominal design, but the expected statistics of the behavior in manufactured ICs. Memory circuits tend to be the hardest hit by the problem of these random variations because of their high replication count on any single chip, which demands a very high statistical quality from the product. Requirements of 5–6s (0.

Author : Chao Huang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 184 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2010-03-11
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789048185405

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Robust Computing with Nano-scale Devices by Chao Huang Pdf

Robust Nano-Computing focuses on various issues of robust nano-computing, defect-tolerance design for nano-technology at different design abstraction levels. It addresses both redundancy- and configuration-based methods as well as fault detecting techniques through the development of accurate computation models and tools. The contents present an insightful view of the ongoing researches on nano-electronic devices, circuits, architectures, and design methods, as well as provide promising directions for future research.

Author : Kevin Zhang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 390 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2009-04-21
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780387884974

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Embedded Memories for Nano-Scale VLSIs by Kevin Zhang Pdf

Kevin Zhang Advancement of semiconductor technology has driven the rapid growth of very large scale integrated (VLSI) systems for increasingly broad applications, incl- ing high-end and mobile computing, consumer electronics such as 3D gaming, multi-function or smart phone, and various set-top players and ubiquitous sensor and medical devices. To meet the increasing demand for higher performance and lower power consumption in many different system applications, it is often required to have a large amount of on-die or embedded memory to support the need of data bandwidth in a system. The varieties of embedded memory in a given system have alsobecome increasingly more complex, ranging fromstatictodynamic and volatile to nonvolatile. Among embedded memories, six-transistor (6T)-based static random access memory (SRAM) continues to play a pivotal role in nearly all VLSI systems due to its superior speed and full compatibility with logic process technology. But as the technology scaling continues, SRAM design is facing severe challenge in mainta- ing suf?cient cell stability margin under relentless area scaling. Meanwhile, rapid expansion in mobile application, including new emerging application in sensor and medical devices, requires far more aggressive voltage scaling to meet very str- gent power constraint. Many innovative circuit topologies and techniques have been extensively explored in recent years to address these challenges.

Author : Ray Robinson &
Publisher : Scientific e-Resources
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2019-05-16
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9781839472367

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Nanoelectronics by Ray Robinson & Pdf

Nanoelectronics is one of the most important technologies of nanotechnology. It plays vital role in the field of engineering and electronics. Nanoelectronics make use of scientific techniques at atomic scale for developing the nano machines. The main target is to reduce the size, risk factor and surface areas of the materials and molecules. Machines under nanoelectronic process under goes the long range of manufacturing steps each with accurate molecular treatment. Semiconductor electronics have seen a sustained exponential reduce in size and cost and a similar augment in performance and level of integration over the last thirty years. The Silicon Roadmap is laid out for the next ten years. After that, either economical or physical barriers will pose a huge challenge. The former is connected to the difficulty of making a profit in view of the exorbitant costs of building the necessary manufacturing capabilities, if present day technologies are extrapolated. The latter is a direct consequence of the shrinking device size, leading to physical phenomena impeding the operation of current devices. The transistor is the building block to a modern processor. The current silicon designed transistors are going to hit their physical limit- not merely the actualization of Moore's law but also the problems with heat dissipation, wire connections and the materials we use to create them. Hence nanotechnology helps us to look at new ways information processing at a better speed and measure. A promising alternative to the imminent challenges from the CMOS based computing is to focus on other alternatives of nano scale precision. Chemically Assembled Electronic Nanotechnology (CAEN) is a promising technology, which uses self-alignment to construct electronic circuits from nano scale devices that take advantage of quantum mechanical effects. This book is intended as an introduction to the field of nanotechnology for nanoelectronics vendors, researchers and students who want to start thinking about the potential opportunities afforded by these emerging scientific developments.

Author : Takayuki Kawahara,Hiroyuki Mizuno
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2012-05
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781461408116

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Green Computing with Emerging Memory by Takayuki Kawahara,Hiroyuki Mizuno Pdf

This volume describes computing innovation using non-volatile memory for a sustainable world. The text presents methods of design and implementation for non-volatile memory, allowing devices to be turned off normally when not in use, yet operate with full performance when needed.

Author : Amith Singhee,Rob A. Rutenbar
Publisher : Springer
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2010-09-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1441966056

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Extreme Statistics in Nanoscale Memory Design by Amith Singhee,Rob A. Rutenbar Pdf

Knowledge exists: you only have to ?nd it VLSI design has come to an important in?ection point with the appearance of large manufacturing variations as semiconductor technology has moved to 45 nm feature sizes and below. If we ignore the random variations in the manufacturing process, simulation-based design essentially becomes useless, since its predictions will be far from the reality of manufactured ICs. On the other hand, using design margins based on some traditional notion of worst-case scenarios can force us to sacri?ce too much in terms of power consumption or manufacturing cost, to the extent of making the design goals even infeasible. We absolutely need to explicitly account for the statistics of this random variability, to have design margins that are accurate so that we can ?nd the optimum balance between yield loss and design cost. This discontinuity in design processes has led many researchers to develop effective methods of statistical design, where the designer can simulate not just the behavior of the nominal design, but the expected statistics of the behavior in manufactured ICs. Memory circuits tend to be the hardest hit by the problem of these random variations because of their high replication count on any single chip, which demands a very high statistical quality from the product. Requirements of 5–6s (0.

Author : Nan Yao,Zhong Lin Wang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 745 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2006-07-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781402080067

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Handbook of Microscopy for Nanotechnology by Nan Yao,Zhong Lin Wang Pdf

Nanostructured materials take on an enormously rich variety of properties and promise exciting new advances in micromechanical, electronic, and magnetic devices as well as in molecular fabrications. The structure-composition-processing-property relationships for these sub 100 nm-sized materials can only be understood by employing an array of modern microscopy and microanalysis tools. Handbook of Microscopy for Nanotechnology aims to provide an overview of the basics and applications of various microscopy techniques for nanotechnology. This handbook highlights various key microcopic techniques and their applications in this fast-growing field. Topics to be covered include the following: scanning near field optical microscopy, confocal optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, magnetic force microscopy, scanning turning microscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy, orientational imaging microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, environmental transmission electron microscopy, quantitative electron diffraction, Lorentz microscopy, electron holography, 3-D transmission electron microscopy, high-spatial resolution quantitative microanalysis, electron-energy-loss spectroscopy and spectral imaging, focused ion beam, secondary ion microscopy, and field ion microscopy.

Author : Robert V. Smith,Llewellyn D. Densmore,Edward F. Lener
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2016-02-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128037911

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Graduate Research by Robert V. Smith,Llewellyn D. Densmore,Edward F. Lener Pdf

Graduate Research is an all-in-one resource for prospective and matriculated graduate students in the sciences. The newly revised edition includes updates to every chapter. Graduate Research covers a range of topics including writing and preparation of research proposals, developing and refining teaching skills, and ethics and compliance areas such as research involving human subjects and animals. Graduate Research helps readers navigate the multidimensional and interdisciplinary world of scientific research and it is an invaluable resource for graduate researchers as well as those in advising or mentoring roles. Discusses a broad range of topics including time management, library and literature work, and grant support Includes a new chapter on career planning and development with advice on careers in academia, government, and the private sector Contains chapters that promote the development of a varied set of communication skills Greatly expanded treatment of graduate study and research in international settings

Author : Claire Dupas,Marcel Lahmani
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 840 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2007-02-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540286172

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Nanoscience by Claire Dupas,Marcel Lahmani Pdf

This practically-oriented overview of nanotechnologies and nanosciences is designed to provide students and researchers with essential information on both the tools of manufacture and specific features of the nanometric scale. Specific applications and techniques covered include nanolithography, STM and AFM, nanowires and supramolecules, molecular electronics, pptronics, and simulation. Each section devotes space to industrial applications and prospective developments. The book provides the only pedagogical review on major nanosciences topics at this level.

Author : Gordon A. Shaw
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Electronic
ISBN : WISC:89087468211

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The Nanoscale Mechanical Properties of Nickel-titanium Shape Memory Alloy by Gordon A. Shaw Pdf

Author : Fasikaw Atanaw Zimale,Temesgen Enku Nigussie,Solomon Workneh Fanta
Publisher : Springer
Page : 625 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2019-03-07
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783030153571

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Advances of Science and Technology by Fasikaw Atanaw Zimale,Temesgen Enku Nigussie,Solomon Workneh Fanta Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed post-conference proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Advancement of Science and Technology, ICAST 2018, which took place in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, in October 2018. The 47 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 71 submissions. The papers present economic and technologic developments in modern societies in five tracks: agro-processing industries for sustainable development, water resources development for the shared vision in blue Nile basin, IT and computer technology innovation, recent advances in electrical and computer engineering, progresses in product design and system optimization.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : 清华大学出版社有限公司
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 730211188X

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纳米技术中的显微学手册 by Anonim Pdf

本书是一本关于各种显微学的原理及其在该迅猛发展的领域内应用的综述参考书。本书涵盖的范围包括共聚焦光学显微镜、扫描近场光学显微镜、各种扫描探针显微术、离子和电子显微镜、电子能量损失和X射线谱等。

Author : Manuel F. Casanova,Ioan Opris
Publisher : Springer
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2015-06-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789401799003

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Recent Advances on the Modular Organization of the Cortex by Manuel F. Casanova,Ioan Opris Pdf

The way you perceive the world, plan, make decisions and communicate your thoughts and feelings depends on the function and hierarchical arrangement of cortical modules. The ability to both provide adaptive responses to our ever-changing environment and to pursue a useful role in society is the most important problem faced by present day neuroscientists. In essence, the workings of cortical modules define the nature of our soul, making each of us who we are. This book provides a breath-taking view of different perspectives by world renowned authorities as to the workings of these cortical modules both in the normal state and in mental disorders.