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Author : Bonnie J. McBride
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Chemical equilibrium
ISBN : NASA:31769000452022
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2018-06-27
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 172193989X
This report documents the library of thermodynamic data used with the NASA Glenn computer program CEA (Chemical Equilibrium with Applications). This library, containing data for over 2000 solid, liquid, and gaseous chemical species for temperatures ranging from 200 to 20,000 K, is available for use with other computer codes as well. The data are expressed as least-squares coefficients to a seven-term functional form for C((sup o)(sub p)) (T) / R with integration constants for H (sup o) (T) / RT and S(sup o) (T) / R. The NASA Glenn computer program PAC (Properties and Coefficients) was used to calculate thermodynamic functions and to generate the least-squares coefficients. PAC input was taken from a variety of sources. A complete listing of the database is given along with a summary of thermodynamic properties at 0 and 298.15 K. McBride, Bonnie J. and Zehe, Michael J. and Gordon, Sanford Glenn Research Center RTOP 708-87-13
Author : Bonnie J. McBride
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Chemical equilibrium
ISBN : NASA:31769000522626
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 94 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2018-07-06
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1722303719
Libraries of thermodynamic data and transport properties are given for individual species in the form of least-squares coefficients. Values of C(sup 0)(sub p)(T), H(sup 0)(T), and S(sup 0)(T) are available for 1130 solid, liquid, and gaseous species. Viscosity and thermal conductivity data are given for 155 gases. The original C(sup 0)(sub p)(T) values were fit to a fourth-order polynomial with integration constants for H(sup 0)(T) and S(sup 0)(T). For each species the integration constant for H(sup 0)(T) includes the heat of formation. Transport properties have a different functional form. The temperature range for most of the data is 300 to 5000 K, although some of the newer thermodynamic data have a range of 200 to 6000 K. Because the species are mainly possible products of reaction, the data are useful for chemical equilibrium and kinetics computer codes. Much of the data has been distributed for several years with the NASA Lewis equilibrium program CET89. The thermodynamic properties of the reference elements were updated along with about 175 species that involve the elements carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. These sets of data will be distributed with the NASA Lewis personal computer program for calculating chemical equilibria, CETPC. Mcbride, Bonnie J. and Gordon, Sanford and Reno, Martin A. Glenn Research Center...
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2018-05-29
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1720412723
For several decades the NASA Glenn Research Center has been providing a file of thermodynamic data for use in several computer programs. These data are in the form of least-squares coefficients that have been calculated from tabular thermodynamic data by means of the NASA Properties and Coefficients (PAC) program. The source thermodynamic data are obtained from the literature or from standard compilations. Most gas-phase thermodynamic functions are calculated by the authors from molecular constant data using ideal gas partition functions. The Coefficients and Properties (CAP) program described in this report permits the generation of tabulated thermodynamic functions from the NASA least-squares coefficients. CAP provides considerable flexibility in the output format, the number of temperatures to be tabulated, and the energy units of the calculated properties. This report provides a detailed description of input preparation, examples of input and output for several species, and a listing of all species in the current NASA Glenn thermodynamic data file.Zehe, Michael J. and Gordon, Sanford and McBride, Bonnie J.Glenn Research CenterCOEFFICIENTS; COMPUTER PROGRAMS; THERMODYNAMICS; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; HEAT OF FORMATION; SPECIFIC HEAT; ENTHALPY; ENTROPY
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 86 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2018-05-29
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1720412804
For several decades the NASA Glenn Research Center has been providing a file of thermodynamic data for use in several computer programs. These data are in the form of least-squares coefficients that have been calculated from tabular thermodynamic data by means of the NASA Properties and Coefficients (PAC) program. The source thermodynamic data are obtained from the literature or from standard compilations. Most gas-phase thermodynamic functions are calculated by the authors from molecular constant data using ideal gas partition functions. The Coefficients and Properties (CAP) program described in this report permits the generation of tabulated thermodynamic functions from the NASA least-squares coefficients. CAP provides considerable flexibility in the output format, the number of temperatures to be tabulated, and the energy units of the calculated properties. This report provides a detailed description of input preparation, examples of input and output for several species, and a listing of all species in the current NASA Glenn thermodynamic data file.Zehe, Michael J. and Gordon, Sanford and McBride, Bonnie J.Glenn Research CenterCOMPUTER PROGRAMS; HEAT OF FORMATION; THERMODYNAMICS; ENTROPY; SPECIFIC HEAT; TABLES (DATA); COEFFICIENTS
Author : Allan T. Kirkpatrick
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 660 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2020-09-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119454557
A comprehensive resource covering the foundational thermal-fluid sciences and engineering analysis techniques used to design and develop internal combustion engines Internal Combustion Engines: Applied Thermosciences, Fourth Edition combines foundational thermal-fluid sciences with engineering analysis techniques for modeling and predicting the performance of internal combustion engines. This new 4th edition includes brand new material on: New engine technologies and concepts Effects of engine speed on performance and emissions Fluid mechanics of intake and exhaust flow in engines Turbocharger and supercharger performance analysis Chemical kinetic modeling, reaction mechanisms, and emissions Advanced combustion processes including low temperature combustion Piston, ring and journal bearing friction analysis The 4th Edition expands on the combined analytical and numerical approaches used successfully in previous editions. Students and engineers are provided with several new tools for applying the fundamental principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer to internal combustion engines. Each chapter includes MATLAB programs and examples showing how to perform detailed engineering computations. The chapters also have an increased number of homework problems with which the reader can gauge their progress and retention. All the software is ‘open source’ so that readers can see in detail how computational analysis and the design of engines is performed. A companion website is also provided, offering access to the MATLAB computer programs.
Author : Colin R. Ferguson,Allan T. Kirkpatrick
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 477 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2015-07-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118926376
Since the publication of the Second Edition in 2001, there have been considerable advances and developments in the field of internal combustion engines. These include the increased importance of biofuels, new internal combustion processes, more stringent emissions requirements and characterization, and more detailed engine performance modeling, instrumentation, and control. There have also been changes in the instructional methodologies used in the applied thermal sciences that require inclusion in a new edition. These methodologies suggest that an increased focus on applications, examples, problem-based learning, and computation will have a positive effect on learning of the material, both at the novice student, and practicing engineer level. This Third Edition mirrors its predecessor with additional tables, illustrations, photographs, examples, and problems/solutions. All of the software is ‘open source’, so that readers can see how the computations are performed. In addition to additional java applets, there is companion Matlab code, which has become a default computational tool in most mechanical engineering programs.
Author : Spencer Sherwin,Peter Schmid,Xuesong Wu
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 809 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2021-07-30
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783030679026
This volume comprises the carefully revised papers of the 9th IUTAM Symposium on Laminar-Turbulent Transition, held at the Imperial College, London, UK, in September 2019. The papers focus on the leading research in understanding transition to turbulence, which is a challenging topic of fluid mechanics and arises in many modern technologies as well as in nature. The proceedings are of interest for researchers in fluid mechanics and industry who have to handle these types of problems, such as in the aeronautical sector.
Author : Murat Cinar
Publisher : Stanford University
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Electronic
ISBN : STANFORD:wz851jd4624
One method to access unconventional, heavy-oil and natural bitumen resources as well as waterflood residual oil is to apply in situ combustion (ISC) to oxidize in place a small fraction of the hydrocarbon thereby providing heat to reduce oil viscosity and pressure that enhances recovery. ISC is also attractive because it provides the opportunity to upgrade oil in-situ by increasing the API gravity and decreasing, for instance, sulfur content. Experimental analysis of crude-oil oxidation kinetics provides parameters, such as activation energy, for modeling and optimization of ISC processes. The complex nature of petroleum as a multi-component mixture and multi-step character of oxidation reactions complicates substantially the kinetic analysis of crude-oil. Isoconversional techniques provide model-free methods for estimating activation energy and naturally deconvolve multi-step reactions. In addition, isoconversional methods are also useful as a screening tool to recognize the burning characteristics of different oils. By using experimentally determined combustion kinetics of different oil samples along with combustion tube results, we show that isoconversional analysis of ramped temperature oxidation data is useful to predict combustion-front propagation. It also provides new insight into the nature of the reactions occurring during ISC. Ramped temperature oxidation (RTO) tests with effluent gas analysis are conducted to probe ISC reaction kinetics along with isothermal coke formation experiments. The role of oxygen during coke formation reactions (i.e., fuel formation for ISC) is investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) of intermediate reaction products. The XPS data is analyzed along with companion RTO experiments to obtain a simplified multi-step reaction scheme. Synthetic cases illustrate the connection between a proposed reaction scheme for oil/matrix pairs and one-dimensional combustion front propagation. Analysis of experimental results illustrate that the reaction scheme is capable of reproducing experimental results including the basic trends in oxygen consumption and carbon oxides production for RTO experiments as a function of heating rate for both good and poor ISC candidates. The combination of XPS and RTO studies indicates that the quality (or reactivity) of coke formed during the process is a function of oxygen presence/absence.
Author : Dmitri Bessarabov,Haijiang Wang,Hui Li,Nana Zhao
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2016-02-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781482252323
An ever-increasing dependence on green energy has brought on a renewed interest in polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolysis as a viable solution for hydrogen production. While alkaline water electrolyzers have been used in the production of hydrogen for many years, there are certain advantages associated with PEM electrolysis and its relevan
Author : Ricardo Morales-Rodriguez
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 558 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2012-10-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789535107798
This book presents the selection of various high level contributions involving thermodynamics. The book goes from the fundamentals up to several applications in different scientific fields. The content of the book has been classified in six sections: Classical Thermodynamics, Statistical Thermodynamics, Property Prediction in Thermodynamics, Material and Products, Non Equilibrium and Thermodynamics in Diverse Areas. The classification of the book aims to provide to the reader the facility of finding the desired topic included in the book. It is expected that this collection of chapters will contribute to the state of the art in the thermodynamics area.
Author : Sanford Klein,Gregory Nellis
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2011-10-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781139498180
This book differs from other thermodynamics texts in its objective which is to provide engineers with the concepts, tools, and experience needed to solve practical real-world energy problems. The presentation integrates computer tools (e.g., EES) with thermodynamic concepts to allow engineering students and practising engineers to solve problems they would otherwise not be able to solve. The use of examples, solved and explained in detail, and supported with property diagrams that are drawn to scale, is ubiquitous in this textbook. The examples are not trivial, drill problems, but rather complex and timely real world problems that are of interest by themselves. As with the presentation, the solutions to these examples are complete and do not skip steps. Similarly the book includes numerous end of chapter problems, both typeset and online. Most of these problems are more detailed than those found in other thermodynamics textbooks. The supplements include complete solutions to all exercises, software downloads, and additional content on selected topics. These are available at the book web site www.cambridge.org/KleinandNellis.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 1034 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2019-06-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780444640888
Mathematical Modelling of Gas-Phase Complex Reaction Systems: Pyrolysis and Combustion, Volume 45, gives an overview of the different steps involved in the development and application of detailed kinetic mechanisms, mainly relating to pyrolysis and combustion processes. The book is divided into two parts that cover the chemistry and kinetic models and then the numerical and statistical methods. It offers a comprehensive coverage of the theory and tools needed, along with the steps necessary for practical and industrial applications. Details thermochemical properties and "ab initio" calculations of elementary reaction rates Details kinetic mechanisms of pyrolysis and combustion processes Explains experimental data for improving reaction models and for kinetic mechanisms assessment Describes surrogate fuels and molecular reconstruction of hydrocarbon liquid mixtures Describes pollutant formation in combustion systems Solves and validates the kinetic mechanisms using numerical and statistical methods Outlines optimal design of industrial burners and optimization and dynamic control of pyrolysis furnaces Outlines large eddy simulation of turbulent reacting flows
Author : Ismail Tosun
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 860 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2021-06-17
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128205310
The Thermodynamics of Phase and Reaction Equilibria, Second Edition, provides a sound foundation for understanding abstract concepts of phase and reaction equilibria (e.g., partial molar Gibbs energy, fugacity, and activity), and shows how to apply these concepts to solve practical problems using numerous clear examples. Available computational software has made it possible for students to tackle realistic and challenging problems from industry. The second edition incorporates phase equilibrium problems dealing with nonideal mixtures containing more than two components and chemical reaction equilibrium problems involving multiple reactions. Computations are carried out with the help of Mathcad®. Clear layout, coherent and logical organization of the content, and presentation suitable for self-study Provides analytical equations in dimensionless form for the calculation of changes in internal energy, enthalpy, and entropy as well as departure functions and fugacity coefficients All chapters have been updated primarily through new examples Includes many well-organized problems (with answers), which are extensions of the examples enabling conceptual understanding for quantitative/real problem solving Provides Mathcad worksheets and subroutines Includes a new chapter linking thermodynamics with reaction engineering A complete Instructor’s Solutions Manual is available as a textbook resource