Nature And Nature S God A Philosophical And Scientific Defense Of Aquinas Unmoved Mover Argument

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Nature and Nature's God: A Philosophical and Scientific Defense of Aquinas' Unmoved Mover Argument

Daniel Shields
Nature and Nature s God A Philosophical and Scientific Defense of Aquinas Unmoved Mover Argument Book PDF

Author : Daniel Shields
Publisher : CUA Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2023-05-26
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780813236674

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Nature and Nature's God: A Philosophical and Scientific Defense of Aquinas' Unmoved Mover Argument by Daniel Shields Pdf

Aquinas's first proof for God's existence is usually interpreted as a metaphysical argument immune to any objections coming from empirical science. Connections to Aquinas's own historical understanding of physics and cosmology are ignored or downplayed. Nature and Nature's God proposes a natural philosophical interpretation of Aquinas's argument more sensitive to the broader context of Aquinas's work and yielding a more historically accurate account of the argument. Paradoxically, the book also shows that, on such an interpretation, Aquinas's argument is not only consistent with modern science, but actually confirmed by the history of science, from classical mechanics through 19th century thermodynamics to contemporary cosmology. The first part of the book considers Aquinas's argument in its historical context, exploring the key principles that everything in motion is moved by something else and that an infinite regress of causes is impossible. The structure of the First Way is analyzed and the argument is connected both with Aquinas's Third Way?a new interpretation of which is also proposed?and Aquinas's second proof from motion in the Summa contra Gentiles. To complete the account of what natural philosophy?prior to metaphysics?can demonstrate about God, a chapter on Aquinas's teleological argument (the Fifth Way) is also included. The second part of the book tracks the history of modern science from Copernicus to today, showing how Aquinas's argument fared at each major turn. The first chapter shows how Newton's understanding of inertia and conservation of momentum supports the idea that motion cannot continue forever without God's causality, and integrates a modern understanding of inertia and gravity with the principles of Thomistic natural philosophy. The second chapter considers the first and second laws of thermodynamics, showing how they too support Aquinas's contention that motion cannot continue forever without God's causality. This chapter also discusses statistical mechanics and contemporary cosmology, demonstrating that science continues to support Aquinas's unmoved mover argument. The final chapter turns to modern biology as well as cosmological fine-tuning to show that modern science also continues to support Aquinas's teleological argument. The result is not only a satisfying defense of Aquinas's natural philosophical proofs for God's existence, but a primer on the broader project of integrating Thomistic natural philosophy with modern science.

Nature and Nature's God

Daniel Shields
Nature and Nature s God Book PDF

Author : Daniel Shields
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0813236681

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Nature and Nature's God by Daniel Shields Pdf

Aquinas' first proof for God's existence is usually interpreted as a metaphysical argument immune to any objections coming from empirical science. Connections to Aquinas' own historical understanding of physics and cosmology are ignored or downplayed. Nature and Nature's God proposes a natural philosophical interpretation of Aquinas' argument more sensitive to the broader context of Aquinas' work and yielding a more historically accurate account of the argument. Paradoxically, the book also shows that, on such an interpretation, Aquinas' argument is not only consistent with modern science, but actually confirmed by the history of science, from classical mechanics through 19th century thermodynamics to contemporary cosmology.The first part of the book considers Aquinas' argument in its historical context, exploring the key principles that everything in motion is moved by something else and that an infinite regress of causes is impossible. The structure of the First Way is analyzed and the argument is connected both with Aquinas' Third Way--a new interpretation of which is also proposed--and Aquinas' second proof from motion in the Summa contra Gentiles. To complete the account of what natural philosophy--prior to metaphysics--can demonstrate about God, a chapter on Aquinas' teleological argument (the Fifth Way) is also included.The second part of the book tracks the history of modern science from Copernicus to today, showing how Aquinas' argument fared at each major turn. The first chapter shows how Newton's understanding of inertia and conservation of momentum supports the idea that motion cannot continue forever without God's causality, and integrates a modern understanding of inertia and gravity with the principles of Thomistic natural philosophy. The second chapter considers the first and second laws of thermodynamics, showing how they too support Aquinas' contention that motion cannot continue forever without God's causality. This chapter also discusses statistical mechanics and contemporary cosmology, demonstrating that science continues to support Aquinas' unmoved mover argument. The final chapter turns to modern biology as well as cosmological fine-tuning to show that modern science also continues to support Aquinas' teleological argument. The result is not only a satisfying defense of Aquinas' natural philosophical proofs for God's existence, but a primer on the broader project of integrating Thomistic natural philosophy with modern science.

The Nature of God

Gerard Hughes
The Nature of God Book PDF

Author : Gerard Hughes
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2005-08-04
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781134809653

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The Nature of God by Gerard Hughes Pdf

In The Nature of God, Gerard Hughes takes the central attributes ascribed to God, such as Existence, Simplicity, Omniscience, Omnipotence and Goodness and gives them a historical and analytical background. Incorporating texts by Aquinas, Ockham, Molina, Descartes, Hume and Kant, he aims to give the reader first-hand acquaintance with these classic writers, and to then discuss their arguments in the light of contemporary debate. While the focus of The Nature of God is on the philosophy of religion, Hughes widens his scope to consider its implications in epistemology, metaphysics and moral philosophy. The issues he considers include necessity and possiblity, the relation of logic to epistemology and the connections between causation and moral philosophy.

Nature, the Soul, and God

Jean W. Rioux
Nature the Soul and God Book PDF

Author : Jean W. Rioux
Publisher : Wipf and Stock Publishers
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2004-04-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781725241466

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Nature, the Soul, and God by Jean W. Rioux Pdf

The complete title of one of the most famous works ever written, Isaac Newton's Principia, was actually Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, or "The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy". Sadly, many contemporary philosophers would be hard-pressed to say just what natural philosophy (or philosophy of nature) is all about. Without question, the philosophy of nature has received relatively less attention than ethics and metaphysics for some time. In "Nature, the Soul, and God," Jean W. Rioux has brought together a number of important readings in natural philosophy, from the Pre-Socratic philosophers and Aristotle to the 19th-century entomologist Jean-Henri Fabre. Collectively, they present three ways in which one might conceive of the natural world in a pre-scientific reflection upon the way things are: either the classical materialism of Empedocles, Democritus, and Epicurus, the formalism of Plato, or the hylomorphic view espoused and defended by Aristotle and Thomas Aquinas. In the sections following the consideration of nature are selections from these representative views concerning the immortality of the soul and the existence of God. Through the medium of philosophers both ancient and modern, Rioux makes the point that one's philosophical account of the natural world will have an impact upon how one regards human nature, as well as divinity itself. It all begins with nature.

The Failure of Natural Theology

Jeffrey D Johnson
The Failure of Natural Theology Book PDF

Author : Jeffrey D Johnson
Publisher : New Studies in Theology Series
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2021-09-15
Category : Natural theology
ISBN : 1952599377

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The Failure of Natural Theology by Jeffrey D Johnson Pdf

Aristotle's cosmological argument is the foundation of Aquinas's doctrine of God. For Thomas, the cosmological argument not only speaks of God's existence but also of God's nature. By learning that the unmoved mover is behind all moving objects, we learn something true about the essence of God-principally, that God is immobile. But therein lies the problem for Thomas. The Catholic Church had already condemned Aristotle's unmoved mover because, according to Aristotle, the unmoved mover is unable to be the moving cause (i.e., Creator) and governor of the universe-or else he would cease to be immobile. By seeking to baptize Aristotle into the Catholic Church, however, Thomas gave his life to seeking to explain how God can be both immobile and the moving cause of the universe. Thomas even looked to the pantheistic philosophy of Pseudo-Dionysius for help. But even with Dionysius's aid, Thomas failed to reconcile the god of Aristotle with the Trinitarian God of the Bible. If Thomas would have rejected the natural theology of Aristotle by placing the doctrine of the Trinity, which is known only by divine revelation, at the foundation of his knowledge of God, he would have rid himself of the irresolvable tension that permeates his philosophical theology. Thomas could have realized that the Trinity alone allows for God to be the only self-moving being-because the Trinity is the only being not moved by anything outside himself but freely capable of creating and controlling contingent things in motion.

Nature, the Soul, and God, 2nd Edition

Jean W. Rioux
Nature the Soul and God 2nd Edition Book PDF

Author : Jean W. Rioux
Publisher : Wipf and Stock Publishers
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2021-11-08
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781666702484

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Nature, the Soul, and God, 2nd Edition by Jean W. Rioux Pdf

The full title of Newton’s Principia is “The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy.” Sadly, some contemporary philosophers might be hard-pressed to say just what natural philosophy is about—sadly, because it remains foundational to questions arising in other disciplines: metaphysics, ethics, philosophical psychology, and the philosophy of god, to name a few. In Nature, the Soul, and God, Jean Rioux has brought together primary readings in the philosophy of nature, presenting ways in which philosophers conceive of and account for the natural world in a pre-scientific reflection upon the way things are. Its three main sections comprise: a consideration of what the world would look like if natural philosophy were not possible, some representative natural philosophies (materialism, formalism, dualism, and hylomorphism), as well as an investigation into the implications these philosophies of nature have for other important questions, such as human freedom and the immortality of the human soul. Through the medium of philosophers both ancient and modern, Rioux makes the point that one’s philosophical account of the natural world will inevitably have an impact upon how one regards oneself, and even things divine. It all begins with nature.

Divine Science and the Science of God

Victor Preller
Divine Science and the Science of God Book PDF

Author : Victor Preller
Publisher : Wipf and Stock Publishers
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2005-05-17
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781725213975

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Divine Science and the Science of God by Victor Preller Pdf

In this book, Victor Preller examines the logical status of religious language in the light of recent developments in American analytic philosophy. The problem inherent in religious language is presented in terms of the referential status of the word God. The author argues that the significance of any referential term is dependent upon the ability of that term to play a significant role 'within' a unified conceptual system. The problem is shown to transcend the epistemological dogmas of Positivism and Conceptual Empiricism and to be inherent in any intelligible epistemology, including that of Thomas Aquinas, whose theological treatises serve as a model of religious language for the thesis of this book. According to Professor Preller, Divine Science (Aquinas' term for what we now call Natural Theology) results from a reflection upon the limitations encountered by the intellect in its attempt to render intelligible the objects of human experience. In the Science of God (Aquinas' term for that mode of knowing engendered by faith), the unknown meta-empirical referent of Divine Science becomes the object of the human intellect. While this study develops out of the discussions inaugurated by Flew and McIntyre in 'New Essays in Philosophical Theology', it rejects the excessively empirical approach of most other studies in that tradition. It applies post-positivistic analysis to specifically Catholic theological language, but it obviously applies to the theological language involved in any form of theism.

Infinity and the Proofs for the Existence of God

Glenn F. Chesnut
Infinity and the Proofs for the Existence of God Book PDF

Author : Glenn F. Chesnut
Publisher : iUniverse
Page : 371 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2019-03-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781532070341

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Infinity and the Proofs for the Existence of God by Glenn F. Chesnut Pdf

This book is more than just a set of logical proofs. It shows us who and what God is, and explains how our universe exploded into existence in the Big Bang, some 13.799 billion years ago, in such a way that all other Being in the universe derives its existence and nature — and its capacities for growth, power, moral character, change, and novelty — from God as the Ground of Being. This is a book for people who are interested in philosophy. It begins with a discussion of some of the fallacies into which the concept of infinity has led careless thinkers over the centuries. In particular, Chesnut demonstrates how often the modern defenses of atheism have been based on what are no more than pseudo-infinite regresses. This includes in particular self-delusive attempts to get rid of God by constructing what would be no more than imaginary universe-sized perpetual motion machines. The last half of the book then has as its central focus the set of Five Proofs for the Existence of God formulated by the great medieval thinker St. Thomas Aquinas, where Chesnut begins by showing how each of the proofs was interpreted in the middle ages. But the development of modern science requires that the Five Proofs be reworked for today, so he shows, for example, how the Proof from Motion can be reworded as an Argument from Energy, subject to the laws of thermodynamics, and how the Proof from Gradations in Truth and Value forces us to decide whether we will accept that at least some moral values are real, or instead will become what modern psychologists call psychopaths. This present book, combined with the work Chesnut authored nine years ago — God and Spirituality: Philosophical Essays — sets out an architectonic philosophical system for the twenty-first century, grounded on one side in the classics of the ancient Greco-Roman world and the medieval period, but on the other hand taking seriously the revolutionary changes in western thought produced by the development of twentieth-century science, including relativity, quantum theory, the uncertainty principle, and Gödel’s proof.

The Metaphysics of Theism

Norman Kretzmann
The Metaphysics of Theism Book PDF

Author : Norman Kretzmann
Publisher : Clarendon Press
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 1997-01-16
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191519109

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The Metaphysics of Theism by Norman Kretzmann Pdf

About Aquinas: St Thomas Aquinas lived from 1224/5 to 1274, mostly in his native Italy but for a time in France. He was the greatest of the medieval philosopher/theologians, and one of the most important of all Western thinkers. His most famous books are the two summaries of his teachings, the Summa contra gentiles and the Summa theologiae. About the book: The Metaphysics of Theism presents an explanation and evaluation of Aquinas's natural theology, the paradigm of which is the first book of the Summa contra gentiles. But in addition to considering this as a monumental achievement of medieval philosophy, Norman Kretzmann approaches it as a continuing enterprise which can be developed with considerable benefit in contemporary philosophy. Professor Kretzmann follows Aquinas in seeing natural theology as the means of integrating philosophy and theology. What makes this enterprise natural theology is its forgoing of appeals to revelation as evidence for the truth of propositions. What makes it natural theology is its agenda: to investigate, by means of analysis and argument, not only the existence and nature of God but also the relation of everything else—especially human nature and behaviour—to God considered as reality's first principle. Professor Kretzmann argues that natural theology offers the only route by which philosophers can, as philosophers, approach theological propositions, and that the one presented in this book is the best available natural theology.

Philosophy, God and Motion

Simon Oliver
Philosophy God and Motion Book PDF

Author : Simon Oliver
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2006-04-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781134237555

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Philosophy, God and Motion by Simon Oliver Pdf

In the post-Newtonian world motion is assumed to be a simple category which relates to the locomotion of bodies in space, and is usually associated only with physics. This book shows this to be a relatively recent understanding of motion and that prior to the scientific revolution motion was a broader and more mysterious category, applying to moral as well as physical movements. Simon Oliver presents fresh interpretations of key figures in the history of western thought including Plato, Aristotle, Aquinas and Newton, examining the thinkers’ handling of the concept of motion. Through close readings of seminal texts in ancient and medieval cosmology and early modern natural philosophy, the books moves from antique to modern times investigating how motion has been of great significance within theology, philosophy and science. Particularly important is the relation between motion and God, following Aristotle traditional doctrines of God have understood the divine as the ‘unmoved mover’ while post-Holocaust theologians have suggested that in order to be compassionate God must undergo the motion of suffering. The text argues that there may be an authentically theological, as well as a natural scientific understanding of motion. This volume will prove a major contribution to theology, the history of Christian thought and to the growing field of science and religion.

The Treatise on the Divine Nature

Thomas Aquinas
The Treatise on the Divine Nature Book PDF

Author : Thomas Aquinas
Publisher : Hackett Publishing
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2006-03-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781603840552

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The Treatise on the Divine Nature by Thomas Aquinas Pdf

This series offers central philosophical treatises of Aquinas in new, state-of-the-art translations distinguished by their accuracy and use of clear and nontechnical modern vocabulary. Annotation and commentary accessible to undergraduates make the series an ideal vehicle for the study of Aquinas by readers approaching him from a variety of backgrounds and interests.

God and the Nature of Time

Garrett J. DeWeese
God and the Nature of Time Book PDF

Author : Garrett J. DeWeese
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2017-03-02
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781351932844

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God and the Nature of Time by Garrett J. DeWeese Pdf

Is God temporal, 'in time', or atemporal, 'outside of time'? Garrett DeWeese begins with contemporary metaphysics and physics, developing a causal account of dynamic time. Drawing on biblical material as well as discussions of divine temporality in medieval and contemporary philosophical theology, DeWeese concludes that God is temporal but not in physical time as we measure it. Interacting with issues in the history of philosophy, contemporary philosophy of science, and philosophy of religion, this book offers students a thorough introduction to the key issues and key figures in historical and contemporary work on the philosophy of time and time in theology.

Aquinas on God

Dr Rudi te Velde
Aquinas on God Book PDF

Author : Dr Rudi te Velde
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2013-05-28
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781409477686

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Aquinas on God by Dr Rudi te Velde Pdf

Aquinas on God presents an accessible exploration of Thomas Aquinas' conception of God. Focusing on the Summa theologiae – the work containing Aquinas' most systematic and complete exposition of the Christian doctrine of God – Rudi te Velde acquaints the reader with Aquinas' theological understanding of God and the metaphysical principles and propositions that underlie his project. Aquinas' conception of God is dealt with not as an isolated metaphysical doctrine, but from the perspective of his broad theological view which underlies the scheme of the Summa. Readers interested in Aquinas, historical theology, metaphysics and metaphysical discourse on God in the Christian tradition will find this new contribution to the studies of Aquinas invaluable.

Providence and Science in a World of Contingency

Ignacio Silva
Providence and Science in a World of Contingency Book PDF

Author : Ignacio Silva
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2021-09-30
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781000437416

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Providence and Science in a World of Contingency by Ignacio Silva Pdf

Providence and Science in a World of Contingency offers a novel assessment of the contemporary debate over divine providential action and the natural sciences, suggesting a re-consideration of Thomas Aquinas’ metaphysical doctrine of providence coupled with his account of natural contingency. By looking at the history of debates over providence and nature, the volume provides a set of criteria to evaluate providential divine action models, challenging the underlying, theologically contentious assumptions of current discussions on divine providential action. Such assumptions include that God needs causally open spaces in the created world in order to act in it providentially, and the unfitting conclusion that, if this is the case, then God is assumed to act as another cause among causes. In response to these shortcomings, the book presents a comprehensive account of Aquinas’ metaphysics of natural causation, contingency, and their relation to divine providence. It offers a fresh and bold metaphysical narrative, based on the thought of Thomas Aquinas, which appreciates the relation between divine providence and natural contingency.

In Defense of Natural Theology

James F. Sennett,Douglas Groothuis
In Defense of Natural Theology Book PDF

Author : James F. Sennett,Douglas Groothuis
Publisher : InterVarsity Press
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2005-10-04
Category : Religion
ISBN : 0830827676

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In Defense of Natural Theology by James F. Sennett,Douglas Groothuis Pdf

James F. Sennett and Douglas Groothuis have assembled a distinguished array of scholars to examine the Humean legacy with care and make the case for a more robust, if chastened, natural theology after Hume.