Neglected Factors In Pharmacology And Neuroscience Research
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Neglected Factors in Pharmacology and Neuroscience Research by Volkert Claassen Pdf
Techniques in the Behavioral and Neural Sciences, Volume 12: Neglected Factors in Pharmacology and Neuroscience Research: Biopharmaceutics, Animal Characteristics, Maintenance, Testing Conditions can be used as reference in the improvement of test designs for biochemists and physiologists in the control of test conditions. The book is divided into five sections. The introduction deals with the uncertainty of animal characteristics and test conditions as hindrances to the development of general insight into biological regulatory mechanism. The first section discusses biopharmaceutics - the int...
Neglected Factors in Pharmacology and Neuroscience Research by V. Claassen Pdf
Techniques in the Behavioral and Neural Sciences, Volume 12: Neglected Factors in Pharmacology and Neuroscience Research: Biopharmaceutics, Animal Characteristics, Maintenance, Testing Conditions can be used as reference in the improvement of test designs for biochemists and physiologists in the control of test conditions. The book is divided into five sections. The introduction deals with the uncertainty of animal characteristics and test conditions as hindrances to the development of general insight into biological regulatory mechanism. The first section discusses biopharmaceutics — the interaction of drugs when interacting with molecules or enzymes in sufficient concentration at a specific site of action. The second section reviews animal characteristics in terms of strain differences, sex differences, and changes during development and aging of the subject. The third section discusses the maintenance of experimental animals such as housing conditions, food composition, and water intake as these kinds of environmental factors may shape the phenotype and responsiveness of the experimental animal. The fourth section explains the testing conditions such as metabolic effects and drug interactions, anesthesia, stress, and even the effects on circadian rhythms. The last section is a discussion on the importance of experimental results. This section covers internal and external validities and statistical inference. The author concludes that the design of any experiment should include a power analysis so that reliable and valuable conclusions can follow. Biochemists, physiologists, pharmacokineticists, toxicologists, chemical researchers, and others for whom drugs are their main focus of study will find this book valuable.
Small Animal Imaging by Fabian Kiessling,Bernd J. Pichler,Peter Hauff Pdf
This textbook is a practical guide to the use of small animal imaging in preclinical research that will assist in the choice of imaging modality and contrast agent and in study design, experimental setup, and data evaluation. All established imaging modalities are discussed in detail, with the assistance of numerous informative illustrations. While the focus of the new edition remains on practical basics, it has been updated to encompass a variety of emerging imaging modalities, methods, and applications. Additional useful hints are also supplied on the installation of a small animal unit, study planning, animal handling, and cost-effective performance of small animal imaging. Cross-calibration methods and data postprocessing are considered in depth. This new edition of Small Animal Imaging will be an invaluable aid for researchers, students, and technicians involved in research into and applications of small animal imaging.
National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on Guidelines for the Use of Animals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on Guidelines for the Use of Animals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 224 pages File Size : 42,8 Mb Release : 2003-09-22 Category : Science ISBN : 9780309089036
Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute for Laboratory Animal Research,Committee on Guidelines for the Use of Animals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research Pdf
Expanding on the National Research Council's Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, this book deals specifically with mammals in neuroscience and behavioral research laboratories. It offers flexible guidelines for the care of these animals, and guidance on adapting these guidelines to various situations without hindering the research process. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research offers a more in-depth treatment of concerns specific to these disciplines than any previous guide on animal care and use. It treats on such important subjects as: The important role that the researcher and veterinarian play in developing animal protocols. Methods for assessing and ensuring an animal's well-being. General animal-care elements as they apply to neuroscience and behavioral research, and common animal welfare challenges this research can pose. The use of professional judgment and careful interpretation of regulations and guidelines to develop performance standards ensuring animal well-being and high-quality research. Guidelines for the Care and Use of Mammals in Neuroscience and Behavioral Research treats the development and evaluation of animal-use protocols as a decision-making process, not just a decision. To this end, it presents the most current, in-depth information about the best practices for animal care and use, as they pertain to the intricacies of neuroscience and behavioral research.
Handbook of Molecular-Genetic Techniques for Brain and Behavior Research by Wim E. Crusio,R.T. Gerlai Pdf
The book gives a broad overview of recombinant DNA techniques for the behavioral neuroscientist, with illustrative examples of applications. Species covered include rodents (mainly mice), Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans and Danio rerio. Experimental techniques required to characterize the behavioral phenotypes of mutant animals is provided. Several aspects of novel molecular-genetic techniques are overviewed and possible research strategies are explained. The sections of the book start with general descriptions of techniques followed by illustrative examples. It is divided into six sections. Section 1, bioinformatics and genomics research. Section 2, top-down strategies, where the researcher starts with the phenotype and then analyzes the associated genes; bottom-up strategies, where the physiological chain leading to a phenotype is analyzed starting from the gene product. Section 3, transgenic approaches in rodents including overexpressing foreign genes and gene-targeting; systemic manipulation approaches directly targeting the central nervous system and methods used with invertebrates. Section 4, methods used to evaluate relevant behavioral phenotypes, including learning and aggression. Section 5, examples on molecular brain research in man. Section 6, ethical aspects of research in this field.
Handbook of Stress and the Brain Part 1: The Neurobiology of Stress by Thomas Steckler,N.H. Kalin,J.M.H.M. Reul Pdf
The Handbook of Stress and the Brain focuses on the impact of stressful events on the functioning of the central nervous system; how stress affects molecular and cellular processes in the brain, and in turn, how these brain processes determine our perception of and reactivity to, stressful challenges - acutely and in the long-run. Written for a broad scientific audience, the Handbook comprehensively reviews key principles and facts to provide a clear overview of the interdisciplinary field of stress. The work aims to bring together the disciplines of neurobiology, physiology, immunology, psychology and psychiatry, to provide a reference source for both the non-clinical and clinical expert, as well as serving as an introductory text for novices in this field of scientific inquiry. Part 1 addresses basic aspects of the neurobiology of the stress response including the involvement of neuropeptide, neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter systems and its corollaries regarding gene expression and behavioural processes such as cognition, motivation and emotionality. * Provides an overview of recent advances made in stress research * Includes timely discussion of stress and its effect on the immune system * Presents novel treatment strategies targeting brain processes involved in stress processing and coping mechanisms
Handbook of Stress and the Brain Part 2: Stress: Integrative and Clinical Aspects by Thomas Steckler,N.H. Kalin,J.M.H.M. Reul Pdf
The Handbook of Stress and the Brain focuses on the impact of stressful events on the functioning of the central nervous system; how stress affects molecular and cellular processes in the brain, and in turn, how these brain processes determine our perception of and reactivity to, stressful challenges - acutely and in the long-run. Written for a broad scientific audience, the Handbook comprehensively reviews key principles and facts to provide a clear overview of the interdisciplinary field of stress. The work aims to bring together the disciplines of neurobiology, physiology, immunology, psychology and psychiatry, to provide a reference source for both the non-clinical and clinical expert, as well as serving as an introductory text for novices in this field of scientific inquiry. Part 2 treats the complexity of short-term and long-term regulation of stress responsivity, the role of stress in psychiatric disorders as based on both preclinical and clinical evidence, and the current status with regard to new therapeutic strategies targetting stress-related disorders.
Author : Robert C. Hubrecht,James Kirkwood Publisher : John Wiley & Sons Page : 848 pages File Size : 40,6 Mb Release : 2010-01-19 Category : Medical ISBN : 9781444318784
The UFAW Handbook on the Care and Management of Laboratory and Other Research Animals by Robert C. Hubrecht,James Kirkwood Pdf
The seminal reference on the care of laboratory and captiveanimals, The UFAW Handbook on the Care and Management ofLaboratory and Other Research Animals is a must-have for anyoneworking in this field. The UFAW Handbook has been thedefinitive text since 1947. Written for an international audience,it contains contributions from experts from around the world. The book focuses on best practice principles throughout, providingcomprehensive coverage, with all chapters being peer reviewed byanonymous referees. As well as addressing the husbandry oflaboratory animals, the content is also of great value to zoos andaquaria. Changes for the eighth edition: Revised and updated to reflect developments since publicationof the previous edition. New chapters on areas of growing concern, including: the 3Rs;phenotyping; statistics and experimental design; welfareassessment; legislation; training of people caring for lab animals;and euthanasia. All material combined into one volume for ease ofreference. This book is published on behalf of UFAW (The UniversitiesFederation for Animal Welfare), with whom we also publish theUFAW/Wiley-Blackwell Animal Welfare Book Series. This majorseries of books provides an authoritative source ofinformation on worldwide developments, current thinking and bestpractice in the field of animal welfare science and technology. Fordetails of all of the titles in the series see ahref="http://www.wiley.com/go/ufaw"www.wiley.com/go/ufaw/a.
Henrik S. Thomsen,Robert N. Muller,Robert F. Mattrey
Author : Henrik S. Thomsen,Robert N. Muller,Robert F. Mattrey Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media Page : 471 pages File Size : 53,5 Mb Release : 2012-12-06 Category : Medical ISBN : 9783642598142
Trends in Contrast Media by Henrik S. Thomsen,Robert N. Muller,Robert F. Mattrey Pdf
A different approach to contrast media, discussed primarily from the point of view of the radiologist. Comprehensive sections are devoted to iodinated contrast media and to the contrast media employed in magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography. The latest agents available receive due attention, as do adverse reactions. A final section considers the use of contrast media in nuclear medicine.
Handbook of Anxiety and Fear by D. Caroline Blanchard,Guy Griebel,David J Nutt Pdf
This Handbook brings together and integrates comprehensively the core approaches to fear and anxiety. Its four sections: Animal models; neural systems; pharmacology; and clinical approaches, provide a range of perspectives that interact to produce new light on these important and sometimes dysfunctional emotions. Fear and anxiety are analyzed as patterns that have evolved on the basis of their adaptive functioning in response to threat. These patterns are stringently selected, providing a close fit with environmental situations and events; they are highly conservative across mammalian species, producing important similarities, along with some systematic differences, in their human expression in comparison to that of nonhuman mammals. These patterns are described, with attention to both adaptive and maladaptive components, and related to new understanding of neuroanatomic, neurotransmitter, and genetic mechanisms. Although chapters in the volume acknowledge important differences in views of fear and anxiety stemming from animal vs. human research, the emphasis of the volume is on a search for an integrated view that will facilitate the use of animal models of anxiety to predict drug response in people; on new technologies that will enable direct evaluation of biological mechanisms in anxiety disorders; and on strengthening the analysis of anxiety disorders as biological phenomena. Integrates animal and human research on fear and anxiety Presents emerging and developing fields of human anxiety research including imaging of anxiety disorders, the genetics of anxiety, the pharmacology of anxiolysis, recent developments in classification of anxiety disorders, linking these to animal work Covers basic research on innate and conditioned responses to threat Presents work from the major laboratories, on fear learning and extinction Reviews research on an array of neurotransmitter and neuromodulator systems related to fear and anxiety Compares models, and neural systems for learned versus unlearned responses to threat Relates the findings to the study, diagnostics, and treatment of anxiety disorders, the major source of mental illness in modern society (26 % of Americans are affected by anxiety disorders!)
Microdialysis is currently one of the most important in vivo sampling methods in physiology and pharmacology. It is used to determine the chemical components of the fluid in the extracellular space of tissues. The technique is now well established in neuroscience research and is used excessively in behavioral neuroscience to determine the concentrations and identities of molecules in brain tissues, and their change due to behavior, hormonal and transmitter changes in the nervous system. The book provides a detailed comprehensive overview of the technology and its applications, including application in pathology, drug development, and the application in the clinic. The authors are all well known researchers in Neuroscience and experts in the use of Microdialysis. Organized into two parts of seven sections, the Handbook of Microdialysis critically examines recent developments in the field through a variety of chapters written by an internationally acclaimed group of authors. It is the first comprehensive handbook covering the technology of Microdialysis and its applications in Neuroscience. * Presents microdialysis methods and interpretation including the technical aspects of microdialysis as a sampling technique followed by the analytical chemical methods* Discusses the role of microdialysis in pharmacology, drug development and models of CNS pathology* Includes clinical applications of microdialysis
Applied Ethics in Animal Research by John P. Gluck,Tony DiPasquale,F. Barbara Orlans Pdf
This volume is a collection of chapters all contributed by individuals who have presented their ideas at conferences and who take moderate stands with the use of animals in research. Specifically the chapters bear of the issues of: notions of the moral standings of animals, history of the methods of argumentation, knowledge of the animal mind, nature and value of regulatory structures, how respect for animals can be converted from theory to action in the laboratory. The chapters have been tempered by open discussion with individuals with different opinions and not audiences of true believers. It is the hope of all, that careful consideration of the positions in these chapters will leave reader with a deepened understanding--not necessarily a hardened position.
Handbook of Episodic Memory by Ekrem Dere,Alexander Easton,Lynn Nadel,Joseph P Huston Pdf
Episodic memory is the name of the kind of memory that records personal experiences instead of the mere remembering of impersonal facts and rules. This type of memory is extremely sensitive to ageing and disease so an understanding of the mechanisms of episodic memory might lead to the development of therapies suited to improve memory in some patient populations. Episodic memory is unique in that it includes an aspect of self-awareness and helps us to remember who we are in terms of what we did and what we have been passed through and what we should do in the future. This book brings together a renowned team of contributors from the fields of cognitive psychology, neuropsychology and behavioural and molecular neuroscience. It provides a detailed and comprehensive overview of recent developments in understanding human episodic memory and animal episodic-like memory in terms of concepts, methods, mechanisms, neurobiology and pathology. The work presented within this book will have a profound effect on the direction that future research in this topic will take. The first and most current comprehensive handbook on what we know about episodic memory, the memory of events, time, place, and emotion, and a key feature of awareness and consciousness Articles summarize our understanding of the mechanisms of episodic memory as well as surveying the neurobiology of epsidodic memory in patients, animal studies and functional imaging work Includes 34 heavily illustrated chapters in two sections by the leading scientists in the field
Handbook of Laboratory Animal Science by Jann Hau,Steven J. Schapiro Pdf
The second edition of an international bestseller, this book provides veterinary specialists as well as veterinary and biomedical researchers with detailed information about laboratory animal genetics, diseases, health monitoring, nutrition, and environmental impact on animal experiments. Completely revised and updated, Volume I now contains expand
