Neural Tissue Biomechanics

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Neural Tissue Biomechanics

Lynne E. Bilston
Neural Tissue Biomechanics Book PDF

Author : Lynne E. Bilston
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2011-07-23
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 364213890X

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Neural Tissue Biomechanics by Lynne E. Bilston Pdf

Damage to the central nervous system resulting from pathological mechanical loading can occur as a result of trauma or disease. Such injuries lead to significant disability and mortality. The peripheral nervous system, while also subject to injury from trauma and disease, also transduces physiological loading to give rise to sensation, and mechanotransduction is also thought to play a role in neural development and growth. This book gives a complete and quantitative description of the fundamental mechanical properties of neural tissues, and their responses to both physiological and pathological loading. This book reviews the methods used to characterize the nonlinear viscoelastic properties of central and peripheral neural tissues, and the mathematical and sophisticated computational models used to describe this behaviour. Mechanisms and models of neural injury from both trauma and disease are reviewed from the molecular to macroscopic scale. The book provides a comprehensive picture of the mechanical and biological response of neural tissues to the full spectrum of mechanical loading to which they are exposed. This book provides a comprehensive reference for professionals involved in pre prevention of injury to the nervous system, whether this arises from trauma or disease.

Neural Tissue Biomechanics

Lynne E. Bilston
Neural Tissue Biomechanics Book PDF

Author : Lynne E. Bilston
Publisher : Springer
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2013-11-27
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 3642270050

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Neural Tissue Biomechanics by Lynne E. Bilston Pdf

Damage to the central nervous system resulting from pathological mechanical loading can occur as a result of trauma or disease. Such injuries lead to significant disability and mortality. The peripheral nervous system, while also subject to injury from trauma and disease, also transduces physiological loading to give rise to sensation, and mechanotransduction is also thought to play a role in neural development and growth. This book gives a complete and quantitative description of the fundamental mechanical properties of neural tissues, and their responses to both physiological and pathological loading. This book reviews the methods used to characterize the nonlinear viscoelastic properties of central and peripheral neural tissues, and the mathematical and sophisticated computational models used to describe this behaviour. Mechanisms and models of neural injury from both trauma and disease are reviewed from the molecular to macroscopic scale. The book provides a comprehensive picture of the mechanical and biological response of neural tissues to the full spectrum of mechanical loading to which they are exposed. This book provides a comprehensive reference for professionals involved in pre prevention of injury to the nervous system, whether this arises from trauma or disease.

Biomechanics and Neural Control of Posture and Movement

Jack M. Winters,Patrick E. Crago
Biomechanics and Neural Control of Posture and Movement Book PDF

Author : Jack M. Winters,Patrick E. Crago
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 690 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461221043

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Biomechanics and Neural Control of Posture and Movement by Jack M. Winters,Patrick E. Crago Pdf

Most routine motor tasks are complex, involving load transmission through out the body, intricate balance, and eye-head-shoulder-hand-torso-leg coor dination. The quest toward understanding how we perform such tasks with skill and grace, often in the presence of unpredictable perturbations, has a long history. This book arose from the Ninth Engineering Foundation Con ference on Biomechanics and Neural Control of Movement, held in Deer Creek, Ohio, in June 1996. This unique conference, which has met every 2 to 4 years since the late 1960s, is well known for its informal format that promotes high-level, up-to-date discussions on the key issues in the field. The intent is to capture the high quality ofthe knowledge and discourse that is an integral part of this conference series. The book is organized into ten sections. Section I provides a brief intro duction to the terminology and conceptual foundations of the field of move ment science; it is intended primarily for students. All but two of the re maining nine sections share a common format: (l) a designated section editor; (2) an introductory didactic chapter, solicited from recognized lead ers; and (3) three to six state-of-the-art perspective chapters. Some per spective chapters are followed by commentaries by selected experts that provide balance and insight. Section VI is the largest section, and it con sists of nine perspective chapters without commentaries.

Mechanosensitivity of the Nervous System

Andre Kamkin,Irina Kiseleva
Mechanosensitivity of the Nervous System Book PDF

Author : Andre Kamkin,Irina Kiseleva
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2008-09-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402087165

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Mechanosensitivity of the Nervous System by Andre Kamkin,Irina Kiseleva Pdf

This book presents the latest findings in mechanosensitivity of the nervous system. The nervous system stands out from a number of tissues because besides reacting to the mechanical stress it is transmitting its own response to other organs and tissues, which are located downstream of its signaling pathway. For this reason any type of mechanical stimulation of the nervous system, which is capable of triggering a physiological response, has high scientific and practical significance, since it allows its use beyond a particular experimental model anywhere where it is contributing to a particular pathological condition. This book is a unique collection of reviews outlining the current knowledge and the future developments in this rapidly growing field. Currently, investigations of the effects of mechanical stress on the nervous system are focused on several issues. The majority of studies investigate the effects of mechanical stimulation on mechanosensitive channels, as its primary target and interactive agent, and aim on description of downstream intracellular signaling pathways together with addressing general issues of biomechanics of the nervous system. Knowledge of biomechanics, and mechanisms, which underlie it on organism, organ, tissue and cellular level, is necessary for understanding of the normal functioning of living organisms and allows to predict changes which arise due to alterations of their environment, and possibly will allow to develop new methods of artificial intervention. The book brings up the problem closer to the experts in related medical and biological sciences as well as practicing doctors besides just presenting the latest achievements in the field.

Biomechanics of the Nervous System

Michael O. Shacklock
Biomechanics of the Nervous System Book PDF

Author : Michael O. Shacklock
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Biomechanics
ISBN : 0646479504

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Biomechanics of the Nervous System by Michael O. Shacklock Pdf

Breig's understanding of how the nervous system functions mechanically lead to new concepts in manual and musculoskeletal medicine. This summary work includes content from two books, Biomechanics of the central nervous system (1960) and Adverse mechanical tension in the nervous system (1978); photoelastic models of stress behavior; cranial nerve and nerve root movement; spinal cord biomechanics; movement of meningeal tissues and intraneural blood vessel behavior, cauda equina biomechanics, sliding and tension of the neural tissues; and analysis of lumbopelvic movement with neurodynamic testing.

Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace

Institute of Medicine,National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Panel on Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace
Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Panel on Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 511 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2001-06-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780309072847

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Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace by Institute of Medicine,National Research Council,Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Panel on Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace Pdf

Every year workers' low-back, hand, and arm problems lead to time away from jobs and reduce the nation's economic productivity. The connection of these problems to workplace activities-from carrying boxes to lifting patients to pounding computer keyboards-is the subject of major disagreements among workers, employers, advocacy groups, and researchers. Musculoskeletal Disorders and the Workplace examines the scientific basis for connecting musculoskeletal disorders with the workplace, considering people, job tasks, and work environments. A multidisciplinary panel draws conclusions about the likelihood of causal links and the effectiveness of various intervention strategies. The panel also offers recommendations for what actions can be considered on the basis of current information and for closing information gaps. This book presents the latest information on the prevalence, incidence, and costs of musculoskeletal disorders and identifies factors that influence injury reporting. It reviews the broad scope of evidence: epidemiological studies of physical and psychosocial variables, basic biology, biomechanics, and physical and behavioral responses to stress. Given the magnitude of the problem-approximately 1 million people miss some work each year-and the current trends in workplace practices, this volume will be a must for advocates for workplace health, policy makers, employers, employees, medical professionals, engineers, lawyers, and labor officials.

Multiple Muscle Systems

Jack M. Winters,Savio L-Y. Woo
Multiple Muscle Systems Book PDF

Author : Jack M. Winters,Savio L-Y. Woo
Publisher : Springer
Page : 801 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1990-09-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 0387973079

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Multiple Muscle Systems by Jack M. Winters,Savio L-Y. Woo Pdf

The picture on the front cover of this book depicts a young man pulling a fishnet, a task of practical relevance for many centuries. It is a complex task, involving load transmission throughout the body, intricate balance, and eye head-hand coordination. The quest toward understanding how we perform such tasks with skill and grace, often in the presence of unpredictable pertur bations, has a long history. However, despite a history of magnificent sculptures and drawings of the human body which vividly depict muscle ac tivity and interaction, until more recent times our state of knowledge of human movement was rather primitive. During the past century this has changed; we now have developed a considerable database regarding the com position and basic properties of muscle and nerve tissue and the basic causal relations between neural function and biomechanical movement. Over the last few decades we have also seen an increased appreciation of the impor tance of musculoskeletal biomechanics: the neuromotor system must control movement within a world governed by mechanical laws. We have now col lected quantitative data for a wealth of human movements. Our capacity to understand the data we collect has been enhanced by our continually evolving modeling capabilities and by the availability of computational power. What have we learned? This book is designed to help synthesize our current knowledge regarding the role of muscles in human movement. The study of human movement is not a mature discipline.

Multiple Muscle Systems

Jack M. Winters,Savio L-Y. Woo
Multiple Muscle Systems Book PDF

Author : Jack M. Winters,Savio L-Y. Woo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 818 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461390305

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Multiple Muscle Systems by Jack M. Winters,Savio L-Y. Woo Pdf

The picture on the front cover of this book depicts a young man pulling a fishnet, a task of practical relevance for many centuries. It is a complex task, involving load transmission throughout the body, intricate balance, and eye head-hand coordination. The quest toward understanding how we perform such tasks with skill and grace, often in the presence of unpredictable pertur bations, has a long history. However, despite a history of magnificent sculptures and drawings of the human body which vividly depict muscle ac tivity and interaction, until more recent times our state of knowledge of human movement was rather primitive. During the past century this has changed; we now have developed a considerable database regarding the com position and basic properties of muscle and nerve tissue and the basic causal relations between neural function and biomechanical movement. Over the last few decades we have also seen an increased appreciation of the impor tance of musculoskeletal biomechanics: the neuromotor system must control movement within a world governed by mechanical laws. We have now col lected quantitative data for a wealth of human movements. Our capacity to understand the data we collect has been enhanced by our continually evolving modeling capabilities and by the availability of computational power. What have we learned? This book is designed to help synthesize our current knowledge regarding the role of muscles in human movement. The study of human movement is not a mature discipline.

Biomechanics of the Gastrointestinal Tract

Hans Gregersen
Biomechanics of the Gastrointestinal Tract Book PDF

Author : Hans Gregersen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781447137429

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Biomechanics of the Gastrointestinal Tract by Hans Gregersen Pdf

Biomechanics of the Gastrointestinal Tract is an up-to-date book for researchers on the study of the mechanical properties and the motor system of the gastrointestinal tract. A well-illustrated book, it provides a comprehensive overview to relevant tissue geometry, morphology and biomechanical theory. Separate chapters cover smooth muscle and nerve function including the application to animal and human studies of motility, symptoms and pain, determination of the true resting state, history-dependent properties, and tissue remodelling in disease. Several methods and diagnostic applications such as determination of in vivo length-tension diagrams and multimodal pain testing are completely new but will undoubtedly be used by many in the future. New non-invasive imaging techniques based on ultrasound, MR- and CT-scanning in combination with balloon distension are emerging as the techniques for future in vivo studies.

Neurobiology of Motor Control

Scott L. Hooper,Ansgar Büschges
Neurobiology of Motor Control Book PDF

Author : Scott L. Hooper,Ansgar Büschges
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 512 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2017-06-21
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781118873625

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Neurobiology of Motor Control by Scott L. Hooper,Ansgar Büschges Pdf

A multi-disciplinary look at the current state of knowledge regarding motor control and movement—from molecular biology to robotics The last two decades have seen a dramatic increase in the number of sophisticated tools and methodologies for exploring motor control and movement. Multi-unit recordings, molecular neurogenetics, computer simulation, and new scientific approaches for studying how muscles and body anatomy transform motor neuron activity into movement have helped revolutionize the field. Neurobiology of Motor Control brings together contributions from an interdisciplinary group of experts to provide a review of the current state of knowledge about the initiation and execution of movement, as well as the latest methods and tools for investigating them. The book ranges from the findings of basic scientists studying model organisms such as mollusks and Drosophila, to biomedical researchers investigating vertebrate motor production to neuroengineers working to develop robotic and smart prostheses technologies. Following foundational chapters on current molecular biological techniques, neuronal ensemble recording, and computer simulation, it explores a broad range of related topics, including the evolution of motor systems, directed targeted movements, plasticity and learning, and robotics. Explores motor control and movement in a wide variety of organisms, from simple invertebrates to human beings Offers concise summaries of motor control systems across a variety of animals and movement types Explores an array of tools and methodologies, including electrophysiological techniques, neurogenic and molecular techniques, large ensemble recordings, and computational methods Considers unresolved questions and how current scientific advances may be used to solve them going forward Written specifically to encourage interdisciplinary understanding and collaboration, and offering the most wide-ranging, timely, and comprehensive look at the science of motor control and movement currently available, Neurobiology of Motor Control is a must-read for all who study movement production and the neurobiological basis of movement—from molecular biologists to roboticists.

Crashworthiness

Jorge A.C. Ambrosio
Crashworthiness Book PDF

Author : Jorge A.C. Ambrosio
Publisher : Springer
Page : 462 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2014-05-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783709125724

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Crashworthiness by Jorge A.C. Ambrosio Pdf

From the fundamentals of impact mechanics and biomechanics to modern analysis and design techniques in impact energy management and occupant protection this book provides an overview of the application of nonlinear finite elements, conceptual modeling and multibody procedures, impact biomechanics, injury mechanisms, occupant mathematical modeling, and human surrogates in crashworthiness.

Accidental Injury

Narayan Yoganandan,Alan M. Nahum,John W. Melvin,The Medical College of Wisconsin Inc
Accidental Injury Book PDF

Author : Narayan Yoganandan,Alan M. Nahum,John W. Melvin,The Medical College of Wisconsin Inc
Publisher : Springer
Page : 851 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2014-11-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781493917327

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Accidental Injury by Narayan Yoganandan,Alan M. Nahum,John W. Melvin,The Medical College of Wisconsin Inc Pdf

This book provides a state-of-the-art look at the applied biomechanics of accidental injury and prevention. The editors, Drs. Narayan Yoganandan, Alan M. Nahum and John W. Melvin are recognized international leaders and researchers in injury biomechanics, prevention and trauma medicine. They have assembled renowned researchers as authors for 29 chapters to cover individual aspects of human injury assessment and prevention. This third edition is thoroughly revised and expanded with new chapters in different fields. Topics covered address automotive, aviation, military and other environments. Field data collection; injury coding/scaling; injury epidemiology; mechanisms of injury; human tolerance to injury; simulations using experimental, complex computational models (finite element modeling) and statistical processes; anthropomorphic test device design, development and validation for crashworthiness applications in topics cited above; and current regulations are covered. Risk functions and injury criteria for various body regions are included. Adult and pediatric populations are addressed. The exhaustive list of references in many areas along with the latest developments is valuable to all those involved or intend to pursue this important topic on human injury biomechanics and prevention. The expanded edition will interest a variety of scholars and professionals including physicians, biomedical researchers in many disciplines, basic scientists, attorneys and jurists involved in accidental injury cases and governmental bodies. It is hoped that this book will foster multidisciplinary collaborations by medical and engineering researchers and academicians and practicing physicians for injury assessment and prevention and stimulate more applied research, education and training in the field of accidental-injury causation and prevention.

Biomechanics of the Brain

Karol Miller
Biomechanics of the Brain Book PDF

Author : Karol Miller
Publisher : Springer
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2019-08-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030049966

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Biomechanics of the Brain by Karol Miller Pdf

This new edition presents an authoritative account of the current state of brain biomechanics research for engineers, scientists and medical professionals. Since the first edition in 2011, this topic has unquestionably entered into the mainstream of biomechanical research. The book brings together leading scientists in the diverse fields of anatomy, neuroimaging, image-guided neurosurgery, brain injury, solid and fluid mechanics, mathematical modelling and computer simulation to paint an inclusive picture of the rapidly evolving field. Covering topics from brain anatomy and imaging to sophisticated methods of modeling brain injury and neurosurgery (including the most recent applications of biomechanics to treat epilepsy), to the cutting edge methods in analyzing cerebrospinal fluid and blood flow, this book is the comprehensive reference in the field. Experienced researchers as well as students will find this book useful.

Sports-Related Concussions in Youth

National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Sports-Related Concussions in Youth
Sports Related Concussions in Youth Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Sports-Related Concussions in Youth
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2014-02-04
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309288033

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Sports-Related Concussions in Youth by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Sports-Related Concussions in Youth Pdf

In the past decade, few subjects at the intersection of medicine and sports have generated as much public interest as sports-related concussions - especially among youth. Despite growing awareness of sports-related concussions and campaigns to educate athletes, coaches, physicians, and parents of young athletes about concussion recognition and management, confusion and controversy persist in many areas. Currently, diagnosis is based primarily on the symptoms reported by the individual rather than on objective diagnostic markers, and there is little empirical evidence for the optimal degree and duration of physical rest needed to promote recovery or the best timing and approach for returning to full physical activity. Sports-Related Concussions in Youth: Improving the Science, Changing the Culture reviews the science of sports-related concussions in youth from elementary school through young adulthood, as well as in military personnel and their dependents. This report recommends actions that can be taken by a range of audiences - including research funding agencies, legislatures, state and school superintendents and athletic directors, military organizations, and equipment manufacturers, as well as youth who participate in sports and their parents - to improve what is known about concussions and to reduce their occurrence. Sports-Related Concussions in Youth finds that while some studies provide useful information, much remains unknown about the extent of concussions in youth; how to diagnose, manage, and prevent concussions; and the short- and long-term consequences of concussions as well as repetitive head impacts that do not result in concussion symptoms. The culture of sports negatively influences athletes' self-reporting of concussion symptoms and their adherence to return-to-play guidance. Athletes, their teammates, and, in some cases, coaches and parents may not fully appreciate the health threats posed by concussions. Similarly, military recruits are immersed in a culture that includes devotion to duty and service before self, and the critical nature of concussions may often go unheeded. According to Sports-Related Concussions in Youth, if the youth sports community can adopt the belief that concussions are serious injuries and emphasize care for players with concussions until they are fully recovered, then the culture in which these athletes perform and compete will become much safer. Improving understanding of the extent, causes, effects, and prevention of sports-related concussions is vitally important for the health and well-being of youth athletes. The findings and recommendations in this report set a direction for research to reach this goal.

Structure-Based Mechanics of Tissues and Organs

Ghassan S. Kassab,Michael S. Sacks
Structure Based Mechanics of Tissues and Organs Book PDF

Author : Ghassan S. Kassab,Michael S. Sacks
Publisher : Springer
Page : 469 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2016-01-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781489976307

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Structure-Based Mechanics of Tissues and Organs by Ghassan S. Kassab,Michael S. Sacks Pdf

This book portrays the commonality of tissue micro-structure that dictates physiological function in various organs (microstructure-function relation). Tissue and organ models are used to illustrate physiological functions based on microstructure. Fiber scale properties such as orientation and crimp are described in detail. Structurally-based constitutive models are given throughout the book, not only to avoid ambiguities in material characterization, but also to offer insights into the function, structure, and mechanics of tissue components. A statement of future directions of the field is also given, including how advancements, such as state-of-the-art computational modeling and optical measurements of tissue/cells structures, are taking structure-based modeling to the next level. This book also: Provides a comprehensive view of tissue modeling across multiple systems Broadens readers’ understanding of state-of-the-art computational modeling and optical measurements of tissue/cells structures Describes in detail fiber scale properties such as orientation and crimp