Nevada Test Site

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The Nevada Test Site

Emmet Gowin
The Nevada Test Site Book PDF

Author : Emmet Gowin
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2019-10-08
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9780691196039

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The Nevada Test Site by Emmet Gowin Pdf

"Emmet Gowin likes to ask a provocative question: "Which country on earth has had the largest number of nuclear bombs detonated within its borders?" The answer is the United States. Covering approximately 680 square miles, the Nevada National Security Site, formerly known as the Nevada Test Site, was the primary testing location of American nuclear devices from 1951 to 1992; 1,021 announced nuclear tests occurred there, 921 of which were underground. The site, which is closed to the public, including its airspace, contains 28 areas, 1,100 buildings, 400 miles of paved roads, 300 miles of unpaved roads, 10 heliports, and two airstrips. Its surface is covered with subsidence craters from testing, and in places looks like the moon. In 1996, Gowin received permission to document the landscape by air, after over a decade of working to secure access. These aerial views of environmental devastation--made quietly majestic but no less potent in the hands of a master photographer--unveil environmental travesties on a grand scale. While groups of images from the Nevada Test Site series have been published previously, this book will produce the largest number yet, and three quarters of the pictures will not have been published at all. Gowin is the only photographer to have been granted access to this site, which is now permanently closed, post-9/11. Other than images made by the government for geographic purposes, no other images of this landscape exist. The book will feature a preface by photographer Robert Adams (America, b. 1937), whose photographic and written work is concerned with landscape, urbanization, and activism. It will also feature an afterword by Gowin on how he made the images, and their significance to him today."--Provided by publisher.

Exposure of the American People to Iodine-131 from Nevada Nuclear-Bomb Tests

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute of Medicine,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Exposure of the American People to I-131 from the Nevada Atomic Bomb Tests,Committee on Thyroid Screening Related to I-131 Exposure
Exposure of the American People to Iodine 131 from Nevada Nuclear Bomb Tests Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute of Medicine,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Exposure of the American People to I-131 from the Nevada Atomic Bomb Tests,Committee on Thyroid Screening Related to I-131 Exposure
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1999-06-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309061759

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Exposure of the American People to Iodine-131 from Nevada Nuclear-Bomb Tests by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute of Medicine,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Exposure of the American People to I-131 from the Nevada Atomic Bomb Tests,Committee on Thyroid Screening Related to I-131 Exposure Pdf

In 1997, after more than a decade of research, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) released a report which provided their assessment of radiation exposures that Americans may have received from radioactive iodine released from the atomic bomb tests conducted in Nevada during the 1950s and early 1960s. This book provides an evaluation of the soundness of the methodology used by the NCI study to estimate: Past radiation doses. Possible health consequences of exposure to iodine-131. Implications for clinical practice. Possible public health strategiesâ€"such as systematic screening for thyroid cancerâ€"to respond to the exposures. In addition, the book provides an evaluation of the NCI estimates of the number of thyroid cancers that might result from the nuclear testing program and provides guidance on approaches the U.S. government might use to communicate with the public about Iodine-131 exposures and health risks.

Nevada Test Site

Peter W. Merlin
Nevada Test Site Book PDF

Author : Peter W. Merlin
Publisher : Arcadia Publishing
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : History
ISBN : 9781467117449

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Nevada Test Site by Peter W. Merlin Pdf

"Since Pres. Harry Truman established the Nevada Test Site (NTS) in December 1950, it has played a vital role in the security of the United States. For four decades, the test site's primary purpose was developmental testing of nuclear explosives. Atmospheric tests conducted over Yucca Flat and Frenchman Flat between 1951 and 1962 involved thousands of Army troops and Marines simulating nuclear battlefield conditions. Civil defense planners studied blast and radiation effects and evaluated bomb shelter designs. Testing moved underground in 1963 to eliminate radioactive fallout. Other projects at the NTS included nuclear rocket engine development for space travel, training for NASA's Apollo astronauts, excavation experiments, radioactive waste storage studies, and aircraft testing. Since the last underground nuclear test in 1992, this geographically diverse testing and training complex north of Las Vegas--known since 2010 as the Nevada National Security Site--has been used to support nuclear stockpile stewardship and as a unique outdoor laboratory for government and industry research and development efforts."--Page 4 of cover.

United States Nuclear Tests

Anonim
United States Nuclear Tests Book PDF

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Nuclear weapons
ISBN : UCLA:L0082751215

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United States Nuclear Tests by Anonim Pdf

This document lists chronologically and alphabetically by name all nuclear tests and simultaneous detonations conducted by the United States from July 1945 through September 1992. Two nuclear weapons that the United States exploded over Japan ending World War II are not listed. These detonations were not "tests" in the sense that they were conducted to prove that the weapon would work as designed (as was the first test near Alamogordo, New Mexico on July 16, 1945), or to advance nuclear weapon design, or to determine weapons effects, or to verify weapon safety as were the more than one thousand tests that have taken place since June 30,1946. The nuclear weapon (nicknamed "Little Boy") dropped August 6,1945 from a United States Army Air Force B-29 bomber (the Enola Gay) and detonated over Hiroshima, Japan had an energy yield equivalent to that of 15,000 tons of TNT. The nuclear weapon (virtually identical to "Fat Man") exploded in a similar fashion August 9, 1945 over Nagaski, Japan had a yield of 21,000 tons of TNT. Both detonations were intended to end World War II as quickly as possible. Data on United States tests were obtained from, and verified by, the U.S. Department of Energy's three weapons laboratories -- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California; and Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico; and the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. Additionally, data were obtained from public announcements issued by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and its successors, the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration, and the U.S. Department of Energy, respectively.

The Five Series Study

Institute of Medicine,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee to Study the Mortality of Military Personnel Present at Atmospheric Tests of Nuclear Weapons,Heather O'Maonaigh,Harriet Crawford,William F. Page,Susan Thaul
The Five Series Study Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee to Study the Mortality of Military Personnel Present at Atmospheric Tests of Nuclear Weapons,Heather O'Maonaigh,Harriet Crawford,William F. Page,Susan Thaul
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2000-03-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309172592

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The Five Series Study by Institute of Medicine,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee to Study the Mortality of Military Personnel Present at Atmospheric Tests of Nuclear Weapons,Heather O'Maonaigh,Harriet Crawford,William F. Page,Susan Thaul Pdf

More than 200,000 U.S. military personnel participated in atmospheric nuclear weapons tests between 1945 and the 1963 Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Questions persist, such as whether that test participation is associated with the timing and causes of death among those individuals. This is the report of a mortality study of the approximately 70,000 soldiers, sailors, and airmen who participated in at least one of five selected U.S. nuclear weapons test series1 in the 1950s and nearly 65,000 comparable nonparticipants, the referents. The investigation described in this report, based on more than 5 million person-years of mortality follow-up, represents one of the largest cohort studies of military veterans ever conducted.

Restricted Data

Alex Wellerstein
Restricted Data Book PDF

Author : Alex Wellerstein
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 558 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2024-04-23
Category : History
ISBN : 9780226833446

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Restricted Data by Alex Wellerstein Pdf

The first full history of US nuclear secrecy, from its origins in the late 1930s to our post–Cold War present. The American atomic bomb was born in secrecy. From the moment scientists first conceived of its possibility to the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki and beyond, there were efforts to control the spread of nuclear information and the newly discovered scientific facts that made such powerful weapons possible. The totalizing scientific secrecy that the atomic bomb appeared to demand was new, unusual, and very nearly unprecedented. It was foreign to American science and American democracy—and potentially incompatible with both. From the beginning, this secrecy was controversial, and it was always contested. The atomic bomb was not merely the application of science to war, but the result of decades of investment in scientific education, infrastructure, and global collaboration. If secrecy became the norm, how would science survive? Drawing on troves of declassified files, including records released by the government for the first time through the author’s efforts, Restricted Data traces the complex evolution of the US nuclear secrecy regime from the first whisper of the atomic bomb through the mounting tensions of the Cold War and into the early twenty-first century. A compelling history of powerful ideas at war, it tells a story that feels distinctly American: rich, sprawling, and built on the conflict between high-minded idealism and ugly, fearful power.

The Baneberry Disaster

Larry Charles Johns,Alan R. Johns
The Baneberry Disaster Book PDF

Author : Larry Charles Johns,Alan R. Johns
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Baneberry Nuclear Test, Nev., 1970
ISBN : 1943859450

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The Baneberry Disaster by Larry Charles Johns,Alan R. Johns Pdf

A compelling recollection of the environmental and human consequences of the underground nuclear test's failure at Baneberry.

Assessment of the Scientific Information for the Radiation Exposure Screening and Education Program

National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Radiation Effects Research,Committee to Assess the Scientific Information for the Radiation Exposure Screening and Education Program
Assessment of the Scientific Information for the Radiation Exposure Screening and Education Program Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Radiation Effects Research,Committee to Assess the Scientific Information for the Radiation Exposure Screening and Education Program
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 431 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2005-10-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309096102

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Assessment of the Scientific Information for the Radiation Exposure Screening and Education Program by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Radiation Effects Research,Committee to Assess the Scientific Information for the Radiation Exposure Screening and Education Program Pdf

The Radiation Exposure Compensation Act (RECA) was set up by Congress in 1990 to compensate people who have been diagnosed with specified cancers and chronic diseases that could have resulted from exposure to nuclear-weapons tests at various U.S. test sites. Eligible claimants include civilian onsite participants, downwinders who lived in areas currently designated by RECA, and uranium workers and ore transporters who meet specified residence or exposure criteria. The Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), which oversees the screening, education, and referral services program for RECA populations, asked the National Academies to review its program and assess whether new scientific information could be used to improve its program and determine if additional populations or geographic areas should be covered under RECA. The report recommends Congress should establish a new science-based process using a method called "probability of causation/assigned share" (PC/AS) to determine eligibility for compensation. Because fallout may have been higher for people outside RECA-designated areas, the new PC/AS process should apply to all residents of the continental US, Alaska, Hawaii, and overseas US territories who have been diagnosed with specific RECA-compensable diseases and who may have been exposed, even in utero, to radiation from U.S. nuclear-weapons testing fallout. However, because the risks of radiation-induced disease are generally low at the exposure levels of concern in RECA populations, in most cases it is unlikely that exposure to radioactive fallout was a substantial contributing cause of cancer.

Area 51

Annie Jacobsen
Area 51 Book PDF

Author : Annie Jacobsen
Publisher : Little, Brown
Page : 604 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2011-05-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9780316193856

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Area 51 by Annie Jacobsen Pdf

This "compellingly hard-hitting" bestseller from a Pulitzer Prize finalist gives readers the complete untold story of the top-secret military base for the first time (New York Times). It is the most famous military installation in the world. And it doesn't exist. Located a mere seventy-five miles outside of Las Vegas in Nevada's desert, the base has never been acknowledged by the U.S. government — but Area 51 has captivated imaginations for decades. Myths and hypotheses about Area 51 have long abounded, thanks to the intense secrecy enveloping it. Some claim it is home to aliens, underground tunnel systems, and nuclear facilities. Others believe that the lunar landing itself was filmed there. The prevalence of these rumors stems from the fact that no credible insider has ever divulged the truth about his time inside the base. Until now. Annie Jacobsen had exclusive access to nineteen men who served the base proudly and secretly for decades and are now aged 75-92, and unprecedented access to fifty-five additional military and intelligence personnel, scientists, pilots, and engineers linked to the secret base, thirty-two of whom lived and worked there for extended periods. In Area 51, Jacobsen shows us what has really gone on in the Nevada desert, from testing nuclear weapons to building super-secret, supersonic jets to pursuing the War on Terror. This is the first book based on interviews with eye witnesses to Area 51 history, which makes it the seminal work on the subject. Filled with formerly classified information that has never been accurately decoded for the public, Area 51 weaves the mysterious activities of the top-secret base into a gripping narrative, showing that facts are often more fantastic than fiction, especially when the distinction is almost impossible to make.

Bombs in the Backyard

A. Constandina Titus
Bombs in the Backyard Book PDF

Author : A. Constandina Titus
Publisher : University of Nevada Press
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2016-04-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780874179620

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Bombs in the Backyard by A. Constandina Titus Pdf

On January 27, 1951, the first atomic weapon was detonated over a section of desert known as Frenchman Flat in southern Nevada, providing dramatic evidence of the Nevada Test Site's beginnings. Fifty years later, author A. Costandina Titus reviews contemporary nuclear policy issues concerning the continued viability of that site for weapons testing. Titus has updated her now-classic study of atomic testing with fifteen years of political and cultural history, from the mid-1980s Reagan-Gorbachev nuclear standoff to the authorization of the Nevada Test Site Research Center, a Desert Research Institute facility scheduled to open in 2001. In this second edition of Bombs in the Backyard, Titus deftly covers the post-Cold War transformation of American atomic policy as well as our overarching cultural interest in all matters atomic, making this a must-read for anyone interested in atomic policy and politics.

Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in Families of Atomic Veterans

Institute of Medicine,Committee to Study the Feasibility of, and Need for, Epidemiologic Studies of Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in the Families of Atomic Veterans
Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in Families of Atomic Veterans Book PDF

Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee to Study the Feasibility of, and Need for, Epidemiologic Studies of Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in the Families of Atomic Veterans
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 107 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1995-07-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309176118

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Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in Families of Atomic Veterans by Institute of Medicine,Committee to Study the Feasibility of, and Need for, Epidemiologic Studies of Adverse Reproductive Outcomes in the Families of Atomic Veterans Pdf

Over the past several decades, public concern over exposure to ionizing radiation has increased. This concern has manifested itself in different ways depending on the perception of risk to different individuals and different groups and the circumstances of their exposure. One such group are those U.S. servicemen (the "Atomic Veterans" who participated in the atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons at the Nevada Test Site or in the Pacific Proving Grounds, who served with occupation forces in or near Hiroshima and Nagasaki, or who were prisoners of war in or near those cities at the time of, or shortly after, the atomic bombings. This book addresses the feasibility of conducting an epidemiologic study to determine if there is an increased risk of adverse reproductive outcomes in the spouses, children, and grandchildren of the Atomic Veterans.

A Good Day Has No Rain

Bill Heller
A Good Day Has No Rain Book PDF

Author : Bill Heller
Publisher : Atlasbooks Dist Serv
Page : 183 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0878755462

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A Good Day Has No Rain by Bill Heller Pdf

Despite the risk of exposing innocent Americans to cancer-causing radiation, the U.S. government decided that domestic atom bomb testing was "essential to the national defense." This testing, combined with an extremely violent storm, caused New York's Capital Region to receive excessive amounts of radioactive fallout in April 1953.

The Size of the Risk

Leisl Carr Childers
The Size of the Risk Book PDF

Author : Leisl Carr Childers
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
Page : 307 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2015-10-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9780806152523

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The Size of the Risk by Leisl Carr Childers Pdf

The Great Basin, a stark and beautiful desert filled with sagebrush deserts and mountain ranges, is the epicenter for public lands conflicts. Arising out of the multiple, often incompatible uses created throughout the twentieth century, these struggles reveal the tension inherent within the multiple use concept, a management philosophy that promises equitable access to the region’s resources and economic gain to those who live there. Multiple use was originally conceived as a way to legitimize the historical use of public lands for grazing without precluding future uses, such as outdoor recreation, weapons development, and wildlife management. It was applied to the Great Basin to bring the region, once seen as worthless, into the national economic fold. Land managers, ranchers, mining interests, wilderness and wildlife advocates, outdoor recreationists, and even the military adopted this ideology to accommodate, promote, and sanction a multitude of activities on public lands, particularly those overseen by the Bureau of Land Management. Some of these uses are locally driven and others are nationally mandated, but all have exacted a cost from the region’s human and natural environment. In The Size of the Risk, Leisl Carr Childers shows how different constituencies worked to fill the presumed “empty space” of the Great Basin with a variety of land-use regimes that overlapped, conflicted, and ultimately harmed the environment and the people who depended on the region for their livelihoods. She looks at the conflicts that arose from the intersection of an ever-increasing number of activities, such as nuclear testing and wild horse preservation, and how Great Basin residents have navigated these conflicts. Carr Childers’s study of multiple use in the Great Basin highlights the complex interplay between the state, society, and the environment, allowing us to better understand the ongoing reality of living in the American West.

Under the Cloud

Richard Lee Miller
Under the Cloud Book PDF

Author : Richard Lee Miller
Publisher : Two-Sixty Press
Page : 572 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Nuclear weapons
ISBN : 0029216206

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Under the Cloud by Richard Lee Miller Pdf

In "a chilling documentary history of America's above-ground nuclear tests conducted during the 1950s and early 1960s, Miller takes on the subject and universalizes it, at the same time giving it the flavor of a Dos Passos novel" ("Kirkus Reviews").

100 Suns

Michael Light
100 Suns Book PDF

Author : Michael Light
Publisher : Knopf
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2013-04-03
Category : Photography
ISBN : 9780307509833

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100 Suns by Michael Light Pdf

Between July 1945 and November 1962 the United States is known to have conducted 216 atmospheric and underwater nuclear tests. After the Limited Test Ban Treaty between the United States and the Soviet Union in 1963, nuclear testing went underground. It became literally invisible—but more frequent: the United States conducted a further 723 underground tests, the last in 1992. 100 Suns documents the era of visible nuclear testing, the atmospheric era, with one hundred photographs drawn by Michael Light from the archives at Los Alamos National Laboratory and the U.S. National Archives in Maryland. It includes previously classified material from the clandestine Lookout Mountain Air Force Station based in Hollywood, whose film directors, cameramen and still photographers were sworn to secrecy. The title, 100 Suns, refers to the response by J.Robert Oppenheimer to the world’s first nuclear explosion in New Mexico when he quoted a passage from the Bhagavad Gita, the classic Vedic text: “If the radiance of a thousand suns were to burst forth at once in the sky, that would be like the splendor of the Mighty One . . . I am become Death, the destroyer of worlds.” This was Oppenheimer’s attempt to describe the otherwise indescribable. 100 Suns likewise confronts the indescribable by presenting without embellishment the stark evidence of the tests at the moment of detonation. Since the tests were conducted either in Nevada or the Pacific the book is simply divided between the desert and the ocean. Each photograph is presented with the name of the test, its explosive yield in kilotons or megatons, the date and the location. The enormity of the events recorded is contrasted with the understated neutrality of bare data. Interspersed within the sequence of explosions are pictures of the awestruck witnesses. The evidence of these photographs is terrifying in its implication while at same time profoundly disconcerting as a spectacle. The visual grandeur of such imagery is balanced by the chilling facts provided at the end of the book in the detailed captions, a chronology of the development of nuclear weaponry and an extensive bibliography. A dramatic sequel to Michael Light’s Full Moon, 100 Suns forms an unprecedented historical document.