New Modalities For Managing Drought Risk In Rainfed Agriculture

Author : Ward, Patrick S.,Makhija, Simrin
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2016-10-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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New modalities for managing drought risk in rainfed agriculture by Ward, Patrick S.,Makhija, Simrin Pdf

In this paper we explore the potential for a new approach to managing drought risk among rainfed rice producers in Odisha, India. Droughts have historically been a serious constraint to agricultural production in rainfed agricultural systems, with droughts resulting in significant reductions in both yields and cultivated area, in turn leading to significant impacts on rural livelihoods and food security. Scientists and policy makers have proposed various strategies for managing risks, with limited success. In this study we consider two such strategies, specifically drought-tolerant rice and weather index insurance. While neither drought-tolerant cultivars nor weather index insurance products are perfect solutions for adequately managing drought risk in and of themselves, there is scope to exploit the benefits of each and bundle them into a complementary risk management product, specifically through proper index calibration and an optimized insurance design. In this study, we explore preferences for such a complementary risk management product using discrete choice experiments in Odisha, India. We are able to estimate the added value that farmers perceive in the bundled product above and beyond the value associated with each of the independent products. We also show that valuations are sensitive to the basis risk implied by the insurance product, with farmers less enthusiastic about risk management products that leave significant risks uninsured.

Author : Suhas Pralhad Wani,Johan Rockström,Theib Yousef Oweis
Publisher : CABI
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2009-01-01
Category : Dry farming
ISBN : 9781845934385

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Rainfed Agriculture by Suhas Pralhad Wani,Johan Rockström,Theib Yousef Oweis Pdf

Rainfed agriculture is generally overlooked by development investors, researchers and policy makers due to limited confidence in its ability to increase agricultural production and development. However, research undertaken by a team of leading scientists from global organizations demonstrates its potential in achieving food security, improving livelihoods and most importantly addressing issues of equity and poverty reduction in dryland areas - the hot spots of poverty. On the basis of case studies from varied agricultural and ecological regions in Asia and Africa, chapters discuss the need for adopting new paradigms between rainfed and irrigated agriculture, catchment/micro-watershed management approaches, upgrades in science-based development and more investments in rainfed areas. Yield gaps for major rainfed crops are analysed globally and possible ways and means including technological, social, and institutional options to bridge the yield gaps are discussed in detail. Covering areas such as rainwater harvesting and its efficient use, the rehabilitation of degraded land and assessment methods for social, environmental and economic impacts, this book will be necessary for both academics and policy makers working in water management, agriculture and sustainable development.

Author : Vijay P. Singh,Deepak Jhajharia,Rasoul Mirabbasi,Rohitashw Kumar
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : SCIENCE
ISBN : 1003276547

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Integrated Drought Management by Vijay P. Singh,Deepak Jhajharia,Rasoul Mirabbasi,Rohitashw Kumar Pdf

The second volume of this comprehensive global perspective on Integrated Drought Management is focused on drought modeling, meteorological prediction, and the use of remote sensing in assessing, analyzing, and monitoring drought. It discusses risk management, planning, policy, and societal impacts of drought such as water pricing, water transfer, water quality, and crop insurance. Through numerous case studies from India, Iran, Brazil, the US, Nepal, and other countries that cover a broad range of topics and geographical regions, this volume serves as a valuable resource for all professionals, researchers, and academics who want to advance their knowledge about droughts. Features Provides a global perspective on drought prediction and management and a synthesis of the recent state of knowledge. Covers a wide range of topics from essential concepts and advanced techniques for forecasting and modeling drought to societal impacts, consequences, and planning Presents numerous case studies with different management approaches from different regions and countries. Addresses how climate change impacts drought, the increasing challenges associated with managing drought, decision-making, and policy implications. Includes contributions from hundreds of experts from around the world. Professionals, researchers, academics, and postgraduate students with knowledge in environmental sciences, ecology, agriculture, forestry, hydrology, water resources engineering, and earth sciences, as well as those interested in how climate change impacts drought management, will gain new insights from the experts featured in this two-volume handbook.

Author : Md. Shafiqul Islam
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2023-07-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783031354182

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Cultivation and Drought Management in Agriculture by Md. Shafiqul Islam Pdf

This book represents the background of the Barind Tract of Bangladesh with the proximity of drought information, conceptual and logic of the books, history, definition and perception on drought and climate scenario and how people understand underlying causes, impacts and consequences of drought in agriculture, environment, human health and society. It also states the trend and severity of drought of Barind Tract. This book gives the local response to cope, mitigation and adaptation to agricultural drought. The book also addresses the gender response in the hardship of drought in the rural areas. It also elicits the local and indigenous methods of drought prediction and sustainable cultivation and management of drought in agriculture.

Author : Everisto Mapedza,Daniel Tsegai,Michael Bruntrup,Robert Mcleman
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 386 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2019-09-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128148211

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Drought Challenges by Everisto Mapedza,Daniel Tsegai,Michael Bruntrup,Robert Mcleman Pdf

Drought Challenges: Livelihood Implications in Developing Countries, Volume Two, provides an understanding of the occurrence and impacts of droughts for developing countries and vulnerable sub-groups, such as women and pastoralists. It presents tools for assessing vulnerabilities, introduces individual policies to combat the effects of droughts, and highlights the importance of integrated multi-sectoral approaches and drought networks at various levels. Currently, there are few books on the market that address the growing need for knowledge on these cross-cutting issues. As drought can occur anywhere, the systemic connections between droughts and livelihoods are a key factor in development in many dryland and agriculturally-dependent nations. Connects the biophysical, social, economic, policy and institutional aspects of droughts across multiple regions in developing world Analyzes policy linkages between government agencies, public institutions, NGOs, the private sector and communities Includes a discussion of gender dimensions of drought and its impacts Presents a multi-sectoral perspective, including the human dimensions of drought in developing countries

Author : Philip Tow,Ian Cooper,Ian Partridge,Colin Birch
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1324 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2011-09-16
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781402091322

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Rainfed Farming Systems by Philip Tow,Ian Cooper,Ian Partridge,Colin Birch Pdf

While a good grasp of the many separate aspects of agriculture is important, it is equally essential for all those involved in agriculture to understand the functioning of the farming system as a whole and how it can be best managed. It is necessary to re-assess and understand rain-fed farming systems around the world and to find ways to improve the selection, design and operation of such systems for long term productivity, profitability and sustainability. The components of the system must operate together efficiently; yet many of the relationships and interactions are not clearly understood. Appreciation of these matters and how they are affected by external influences or inputs are important for decision making and for achieving desirable outcomes for the farm as a whole. This book analyses common rain-fed farming systems and defines the principles and practices important to their effective functioning and management.

Author : Xavier Poshiwa,G. Ravindra Chary
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 359 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2022-02-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811678615

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Climate Change Adaptations in Dryland Agriculture in Semi-Arid Areas by Xavier Poshiwa,G. Ravindra Chary Pdf

This book highlights the approaches for achieving trans-disciplinary research integration for “semi-arid dryland agriculture systems” under changing climates, while also identifying the elements of a collaborative research agenda that are needed to advance global food security. The book emphasizes climate change being a reality and how drylands are bearing the brunt in diverse ways. The major impact of dryland agriculture is on communities that need to: avoid the short- and long-term impacts of the changing climate; adapt strategies that can minimize these impacts; and be able to mitigate climate change, for which they need climate smart interventions. These interventions are only realized through knowledge and experience sharing among stakeholders from different sectors and backgrounds. It is in this context that the publication was seen as a necessity in order to bring together ideas that will transform lives and build adaptation capacities, thereby providing the much-needed products in communities leading to development

Author : Hill, Ruth Vargas,Kumar, Neha,Magnan, Nicholas,Makhija, Simrin,de Nicola, Francesca,Spielman, David J.,Ward, Patrick S.
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2017-04-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Insuring against droughts: Evidence on agricultural intensification and index insurance demand from a randomized evaluation in rural Bangladesh by Hill, Ruth Vargas,Kumar, Neha,Magnan, Nicholas,Makhija, Simrin,de Nicola, Francesca,Spielman, David J.,Ward, Patrick S. Pdf

It is widely acknowledged that unmitigated risks provide a disincentive for otherwise optimal investments in modern farm inputs. Index insurance provides a means for managing risk without the burdens of asymmetric information and high transaction costs that plague traditional indemnity-based crop insurance programs. Yet many index insurance programs that have been piloted around the world have met with rather limited success, so the potential for insurance to foster more intensive agricultural production has yet to be realized. This study assesses both the demand for and the effectiveness of an innovative index insurance product designed to help smallholder farmers in Bangladesh manage risk to crop yields and the increased production costs associated with drought. Villages were randomized into either an insurance treatment or a comparison group, and discounts and rebates were randomly allocated across treatment villages to encourage insurance take-up and to allow for the estimation of the price elasticity of insurance demand. Among those offered insurance, we find insurance demand to be moderately price elastic, with discounts significantly more successful in stimulating demand than rebates. Farmers who are highly risk averse or sensitive to basis risk prefer a rebate to a discount, suggesting that the rebate may partially offset some of the implicit costs associated with insurance contract nonperformance. Having insurance yields both ex ante risk management effects and ex post income effects on agricultural input use. The risk management effects lead to increased expenditures on inputs during the aman rice-growing season, including expenditures for risky inputs such as fertilizers, as well as those for irrigation and pesticides. The income effects lead to increased seed expenditures during the boro rice-growing season, which may signal insured farmers’ higher rates of seed replacement, which broadens their access to technological improvements embodied in newer seeds as well as enhancing the genetic purity of cultivated seeds.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 810 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2021-12-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780323915021

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Handbook of Agricultural Economics by Anonim Pdf

Handbook of Agricultural Economics, Volume Five highlights new advances in the field, with this new release exploring comprehensive chapters written by an international board of authors who discuss topics such as The Economics of Agricultural Innovation, Climate, food and agriculture, Agricultural Labor Markets: Immigration Policy, Minimum Wages, Etc., Risk Management in Agricultural Production, Animal Health and Livestock Disease, Behavioral and Experimental Economics to Inform Agri-Environmental Programs and Policies, Big Data, Machine Learning Methods for Agricultural and Applied Economists, Agricultural data collection to minimize measurement error and maximize coverage, Gender, agriculture and nutrition, Social Networks Analysis In Agricultural Economics, and more. Presents the latest release in the Handbook of Agricultural Economics Written and contributed by leaders in the field Covers topics such as The Economics of Agricultural Innovation, Climate, Food and Agriculture, Agricultural Labor Markets, and more

Author : Speed, Robert,Tickner, David,Lei Gang,Sayers, Paul,Wei Yu,Li Yuanyuan,Moncrieff, Catherine,Pegram, Guy,Li Jianqiang,Xu Xiangyu,Li Aihua,Qiu Bing
Publisher : UNESCO Publishing
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2016-09-19
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789231000942

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Drought risk management: a strategic approach by Speed, Robert,Tickner, David,Lei Gang,Sayers, Paul,Wei Yu,Li Yuanyuan,Moncrieff, Catherine,Pegram, Guy,Li Jianqiang,Xu Xiangyu,Li Aihua,Qiu Bing Pdf

Author : Vos, Andrea,Pyburn, Rhiannon
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 67 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2021-02-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Gender research in the CGIAR research program on policies, institutions, and markets in 2018 and 2019 by Vos, Andrea,Pyburn, Rhiannon Pdf

This report analyses PIM’s 391 peer-reviewed 2018 and 20191 publications. We highlight key gender findings and discuss the challenges faced by researchers in doing gender analysis, with a view to documenting lessons learned and improving practices. It is hoped that the gaps and strengths identified in this report will be useful inputs for future research under PIM and One CGIAR.

Author : International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI)
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 189 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2022-05-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780896294257

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2022 Global food policy report: Climate change and food systems by International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) Pdf

Author : Malapit, Hazel J.,Sproule, Kathryn,Kovarik, Chiara
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2016-10-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Using cognitive interviewing to improve the Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index survey instruments by Malapit, Hazel J.,Sproule, Kathryn,Kovarik, Chiara Pdf

This paper describes the cognitive interviews undertaken in Bangladesh and Uganda in 2014 as part of the second round of pilots intended to refine the original version of the Women’s Empowerment in Agricultural Index (WEAI). The WEAI is a survey-based tool that assesses gendered empowerment in agriculture. Baseline data were collected in 19 countries following the WEAI’s launch in 2012, but implementers reported a number of problems, such as confusion among both respondents and enumerators regarding the meaning of abstract concepts in the autonomy sub-module and difficulties recalling the sequence and duration of activities in the time-use sub-module. In our cognitive interviews, we asked detailed follow-up questions such as, “Did you think this question was difficult, and if so, why?” and “Can you explain this term to me in your own words?” The results revealed potential problems with the survey questions and informed the revision of the WEAI, now called the Abbreviated WEAI (or A-WEAI), which has less potential for response errors.

Author : Faure, Guy,Davis, Kristin E.,Ragasa, Catherine,Franzel, Steven,Babu, Suresh Chandra
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2016-11-11
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Framework to assess performance and impact of pluralistic agricultural extension systems by Faure, Guy,Davis, Kristin E.,Ragasa, Catherine,Franzel, Steven,Babu, Suresh Chandra Pdf

Extension and advisory services (EAS) are well recognized as a key factor in contributing to agricultural productivity and growth. However, rigorous evaluation of EAS approaches and assessment of complex national or subnational pluralistic EAS systems are rare. This working paper examines the literature on experiential and empirical insights and explores methods to assess complex pluralistic EAS systems. The authors present conceptual thinking on innovation systems and EAS, and review the IFPRI “best-fit” framework. This framework remains relevant because it is based on a holistic perspective with an impact pathway orientation. The paper aims to operationalize and improve the best-fit framework to guide the evaluation of complex EAS systems. The authors draw on and summarize existing literature to illustrate methods and tools used to analyze each component of the framework. The review pays close attention to the literature and methods for assessing the diversity of service providers and their various delivery tools and learning approaches. The discussion also pays close attention to the interaction of each component and how it affects the performance and impact of EAS from a systems perspective. This paper adds key points and considerations on how to operationalize the best-fit framework to carry out evaluations of pluralistic EAS.

Author : Van Campenhout, Bjorn,Vandevelde, Senne,Walukano, Wiberforce,Van Asten, Piet
Publisher : Intl Food Policy Res Inst
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2016-11-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Agricultural extension messages using video on portable devices by Van Campenhout, Bjorn,Vandevelde, Senne,Walukano, Wiberforce,Van Asten, Piet Pdf

To feed a growing population, agricultural productivity needs to increase dramatically. Agricultural extension information, with its public, non-rival nature, is generally undersupplied, and public provision remains challenging. In this research, we explore the effectiveness of alternative modes of agricultural extension information delivery. We test whether simple agricultural extension video messages delivered through Android tablets increase knowledge of recommended practices in seed selection, storage, and handling among a sample of potato farmers in southwestern Uganda. Using a field experiment with ex ante matching in a factorial design, we find that showing agricultural extension videos significantly affects farmers’ knowledge. However, our results suggest impact pathways that go beyond simply replicating what was shown in the video. Video messages may also trigger a process of abstraction, whereby farmers apply insights gained in one context to a different context. Alternatively, video messages may activate knowledge farmers already posses but, for some reason, do not use.