New Therapies To Prevent Or Cure Auditory Disorders

Author : Sylvie Pucheu,Kelly E. Radziwon,Richard Salvi
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2020-03-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030404130

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New Therapies to Prevent or Cure Auditory Disorders by Sylvie Pucheu,Kelly E. Radziwon,Richard Salvi Pdf

Hearing loss is the most common form of sensory impairment in humans, affecting 360 million persons worldwide. In parallel, tinnitus disorder, the perception of a phantom sound often described as a ringing or buzzing, affects around 10–15% of the general population and interferes with daily life. Hyperacusis, defined as a hypersensitivity to moderate-intensity sounds often co-occurs with tinnitus suggesting a common mechanism of dysfunction for these two perceptual disorders. Whereas some drug candidates are in the process of being developed, nowadays no effective treatment exists to cure hearing loss and tinnitus. The topic of this book was selected with the goal of emphasizing mechanisms that induce hearing loss and tinnitus which lead the selection of promising targets for hearing disorder treatment. Hair cells (HC) are the sensory cells of the inner ear required for both auditory and vestibular functions in all vertebrates. HC are progressively lost during ageing and they are in addition sensitive to physical and acoustic traumas, infectious diseases and chemicals present in commonly used treatments such as anticancer, antimalarial or antibiotics. As adult mammals--including humans--cannot regenerate dead HC, all the possible injury could result in irreversible and permanent hearing loss. It has been shown, however, that a limited capacity to regenerate HC exists in mouse at an early stage of development. The regenerative capacity of HC then appears simply “repressed” in adult mammals, and one could expect it will be possible to re-activate it with an appropriate therapeutic approach which is still to be defined. Immune-mediated inner ear disease has been introduced and accepted as one SNHL pathophysiology; it responds to immunosuppressive therapy and is one of the few reversible forms of bilateral SNHL. Macrophages are always present in the spiral ligament of the lateral wall and are activated in response to various types of stimuli, including noise exposure, ischemia, mitochondrial damage, and surgical stress. Recent studies have also revealed another type of immune cell, called perivascular melanocyte-like macrophages (PVM/Ms), in the stria vascularis. The book will include a review of inflammatory/immune cells in the cochlear lateral wall, the pathways involved in cochlear damage and their potential as therapeutic targets. The final chapter provides an overview of current animal model of tinnitus and hyperacusis. Nowadays no effective treatment exists to cure tinnitus and hyperacusis. One major obstacle to arises from the fact that tinnitus is a subjective phenomenon, the only possible diagnosis relies on self-reports of the subjects. The main constraint of the use of animal models is the subjective character of tinnitus. This chapter describe the advancement in animal models which play an important role in revealing the underlying mechanisms and treatment for tinnitus and hyperacusis.

Author : Huawei Li,Renjie Chai
Publisher : Springer
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2019-04-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9811361223

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Hearing Loss: Mechanisms, Prevention and Cure by Huawei Li,Renjie Chai Pdf

This book systematically discusses the pathogenesis, prevention, and the current and potential clinical treatment of hearing loss, as well as the latest advances in hearing research. Hearing loss is a prevalent sensory disorder, which according to a 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) report affected 9% of the global population in 2015. As populations continue to age, more and more people are suffering from the condition, with 60% of those aged between 65 and 75 affected. Hearing loss seriously affects patients’ ability to work ability and quality of life, and as such deafness has become an increasingly urgent social problem around the globe. Sensorineural hearing loss is mainly caused by damage to the hair cells (HCs), and the subsequent loss of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs). Damage to the HCs in the inner ear can result from exposure to loud noises and environmental and chemical toxins as well as genetic disorders, aging, and certain medications. This book provides ENT specialists and researchers, as well as individuals affected a comprehensive introduction to the field of hearing loss.

Author : Robert Vink,Mihai Nechifor
Publisher : University of Adelaide Press
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780987073051

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Magnesium in the Central Nervous System by Robert Vink,Mihai Nechifor Pdf

The brain is the most complex organ in our body. Indeed, it is perhaps the most complex structure we have ever encountered in nature. Both structurally and functionally, there are many peculiarities that differentiate the brain from all other organs. The brain is our connection to the world around us and by governing nervous system and higher function, any disturbance induces severe neurological and psychiatric disorders that can have a devastating effect on quality of life. Our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of the brain has improved dramatically in the last two decades. In particular, the critical role of cations, including magnesium, has become evident, even if incompletely understood at a mechanistic level. The exact role and regulation of magnesium, in particular, remains elusive, largely because intracellular levels are so difficult to routinely quantify. Nonetheless, the importance of magnesium to normal central nervous system activity is self-evident given the complicated homeostatic mechanisms that maintain the concentration of this cation within strict limits essential for normal physiology and metabolism. There is also considerable accumulating evidence to suggest alterations to some brain functions in both normal and pathological conditions may be linked to alterations in local magnesium concentration. This book, containing chapters written by some of the foremost experts in the field of magnesium research, brings together the latest in experimental and clinical magnesium research as it relates to the central nervous system. It offers a complete and updated view of magnesiums involvement in central nervous system function and in so doing, brings together two main pillars of contemporary neuroscience research, namely providing an explanation for the molecular mechanisms involved in brain function, and emphasizing the connections between the molecular changes and behavior. It is the untiring efforts of those magnesium researchers who have dedicated their lives to unraveling the mysteries of magnesiums role in biological systems that has inspired the collation of this volume of work.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Accessible and Affordable Hearing Health Care for Adults
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2016-10-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309439268

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Hearing Health Care for Adults by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Accessible and Affordable Hearing Health Care for Adults Pdf

The loss of hearing - be it gradual or acute, mild or severe, present since birth or acquired in older age - can have significant effects on one's communication abilities, quality of life, social participation, and health. Despite this, many people with hearing loss do not seek or receive hearing health care. The reasons are numerous, complex, and often interconnected. For some, hearing health care is not affordable. For others, the appropriate services are difficult to access, or individuals do not know how or where to access them. Others may not want to deal with the stigma that they and society may associate with needing hearing health care and obtaining that care. Still others do not recognize they need hearing health care, as hearing loss is an invisible health condition that often worsens gradually over time. In the United States, an estimated 30 million individuals (12.7 percent of Americans ages 12 years or older) have hearing loss. Globally, hearing loss has been identified as the fifth leading cause of years lived with disability. Successful hearing health care enables individuals with hearing loss to have the freedom to communicate in their environments in ways that are culturally appropriate and that preserve their dignity and function. Hearing Health Care for Adults focuses on improving the accessibility and affordability of hearing health care for adults of all ages. This study examines the hearing health care system, with a focus on non-surgical technologies and services, and offers recommendations for improving access to, the affordability of, and the quality of hearing health care for adults of all ages.

Author : Jos J. Eggermont
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 426 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2017-02-22
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128093498

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Hearing Loss by Jos J. Eggermont Pdf

Hearing Loss: Causes, Prevention, and Treatment covers hearing loss, causes and prevention, treatments, and future directions in the field, also looking at the cognitive problems that can develop. To avoid the “silent epidemic of hearing loss, it is necessary to promote early screening, use hearing protection, and change public attitudes toward noise. Successful treatments of hearing loss deal with restoring hearing sensitivity via hearing aids, including cochlear, brainstem, or midbrain implants. Both the technical aspects and effects on the quality of life of these devices are discussed. The integration of all aspects of hearing, hearing loss, prevention, and treatment make this a perfect one-volume course in audiology at the graduate student level. However, it is also a great reference for established audiologists, ear surgeons, neurologists, and pediatric and geriatric professionals. Presents an in-depth overview of hearing loss, causes and prevention, treatments, and future directions in the field Written for researchers and clinicians, such as auditory neuroscientists, audiologists, neurologists, speech pathologists, pediatricians, and geriatricians Presents the benefits and problems with hearing aids and cochlear implants Includes important quality of life issues

Author : Department of Health and Human Services,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,National Institute Safety and Health
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 122 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2014-02-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 1496001591

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Occupational Noise Exposure by Department of Health and Human Services,Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,National Institute Safety and Health Pdf

In the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, Congress declared that its purpose was to assure, so far as possible, safe and healthful working conditions for every working man and woman and to preserve our human resources. In this Act, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is charged with recommending occupational safety and health standards and describing exposure concentrations that are safe for various periods of employment-including but not limited to concentrations at which no worker will suffer diminished health, functional capacity, or life expectancy as a result of his or her work experience. By means of criteria documents, NIOSH communicates these recommended standards to regulatory agencies (including the Occupational Safety and Health Administration [OSHA]) and to others in the occupational safety and health community. Criteria documents provide the scientific basis for new occupational safety and health standards. These documents generally contain a critical review of the scientific and technical information available on the prevalence of hazards, the existence of safety and health risks, and the adequacy of control methods. In addition to transmitting these documents to the Department of Labor, NIOSH also distributes them to health professionals in academic institutions, industry, organized labor, public interest groups, and other government agencies. In 1972, NIOSH published Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Occupational Exposure to Noise, which provided the basis for a recommended standard to reduce the risk of developing permanent hearing loss as a result of occupational noise exposure [NIOSH 1972]. NIOSH has now evaluated the latest scientific information and has revised some of its previous recommendations. The 1998 recommendations go beyond attempting to conserve hearing by focusing on preventing occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). This criteria document reevaluates and reaffirms the recommended exposure limit (REL) for occupational noise exposure established by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in 1972. The REL is 85 decibels, A-weighted, as an 8-hr time-weighted average (85 dBA as an 8-hr TWA). Exposures at or above this level are hazardous. By incorporating the 4000-Hz audiometric frequency into the definition of hearing impairment in the risk assessment, NIOSH has found an 8% excess risk of developing occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) during a 40-year lifetime exposure at the 85-dBA REL. NIOSH has also found that scientific evidence supports the use of a 3-dB exchange rate for the calculation of TWA exposures to noise. The recommendations in this document go beyond attempts to conserve hearing by focusing on prevention of occupational NIHL. For workers whose noise exposures equal or exceed 85 dBA, NIOSH recommends a hearing loss prevention program (HLPP) that includes exposure assessment, engineering and administrative controls, proper use of hearing protectors, audiometric evaluation, education and motivation, recordkeeping, and program audits and evaluations. Audiometric evaluation is an important component of an HLPP. To provide early identification of workers with increasing hearing loss, NIOSH has revised the criterion for significant threshold shift to an increase of 15 dB in the hearing threshold level (HTL) at 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, or 6000 Hz in either ear, as determined by two consecutive tests. To permit timely intervention and prevent further hearing losses in workers whose HTLs have increased because of occupational noise exposure, NIOSH no longer recommends age correction on individual audiograms.

Author : Donna Geffner,Deborah Ross-Swain
Publisher : Plural Publishing
Page : 623 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2018-01-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781944883423

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Auditory Processing Disorders: Assessment, Management, and Treatment, Third Edition by Donna Geffner,Deborah Ross-Swain Pdf

Auditory Processing Disorders: Assessment, Management, and Treatment, Third Edition details the definition, behaviors, and comorbidities of auditory processing disorders while educating the reader on the most current practices for audiological and speech-language assessment of APD, including its impact on literacy and language processing. Practical rehabilitation, management strategies, and direct evidence-based treatment programs, including the use of technology, are covered in detail. Auditory Processing Disorders is a highly practical book designed specifically for practicing clinicians and instructors, both audiologists and speech-language pathologists. It contains a comprehensive review of APD and is an excellent resource for upper-level audiology students and for educated parents, teachers, and other professionals wishing to learn more about APD for themselves, their child, and their practice. The third edition includes a global perspective of auditory processing including the latest in evidence-based treatment programs. Content has been edited to be more concise and user-friendly for increased readability and comprehension. Contributions are from the field's most recognized experts such as Gail Chermak, Frank Musiek, Jack Katz, Harvey Dillon, Gail Richards, and Teri Bellis. NEW TO THIS EDITION: New chapters address neurological brain damage and its impact on auditory processing, psychiatric disorders associated with auditory processing, the impact of otitis media on auditory processing skills, and new methods for diagnosing.A new chapter on psychological testing and what psychologists contribute to the battery of testing, diagnosis, and knowledge base of APD, endorsing intraprofessional collaboration.A new chapter on an evidence-based program known as CAPDOTS from Carol Lau in Vancouver with data to support its use in deficit specific remediation.An updated chapter from Nina Kraus and her laboratory colleagues at Brain Volts, Northwestern University with a new perspective on categorizing and assessing APD.Updated chapters reflect the current research on AN/AD and the newest relevant tests for the SLP to administer when screening for APD and treating the phonological aspects of the disorder.ASHA expert Janet McCarty presents information and advice on private third-party payors and government agencies for coding and reimbursement.Updated images of new FM systems and apps for treatment.New and updated resources such as web links, references, technology, and apps.*Disclaimer: Please note that ancillary content (such as documents, audio, and video, etc.) may not be included as published in the original print version of this book.

Author : Nupur Kapoor Nerurkar
Publisher : Thieme
Page : 1216 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2013-05-15
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789382076063

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Otology and Neurotology by Nupur Kapoor Nerurkar Pdf

Otology and Neurotology provides guidance on the clinical and practical management of diseases of the ear and lateral skull base.It discusses the latest techniques and technologies that encompass the complex nature of the specialty.Topics important to the otologist and neurotologist, such as chronic ear disease, cochlear and brainstem implants, robotic surgery, and many others, are covered by experts in their fields. This book is an invaluable reference for residents, fellows, allied health professionals, comprehensive otolaryngologists, otologists, neurotologists, and skull base surgeons. Key Features: Applied anatomy and physiology of the ear and lateral skull base Evidence-based approach to diseases of the ear and lateral skull base Practical presentation of cutting-edge concepts in otology and neurotology The contributors to this volume are internationally recognized experts in otology, neurotology, and lateral skull base surgery.

Author : Basant Pradhan,Narsimha Pinninti,Shanaya Rathod
Publisher : Springer
Page : 221 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2016-06-10
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319305219

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Brief Interventions for Psychosis by Basant Pradhan,Narsimha Pinninti,Shanaya Rathod Pdf

This book offers a clinical guide that brings together a broad range of brief interventions and their applications in treating psychosis. It describes two core approaches that can narrow the current, substantial gap between the need for psychotherapeutic interventions for all individuals suffering from psychosis, and the limited mental health resources available. The first approach involves utilizing the standard therapeutic modalities in the context of routine clinical interactions after adapting them into brief and effective formats. To that end, the book brings in experts on various psychotherapeutic modalities, who discuss how their particular modality could be adapted to more effectively fit into the existing system of care delivery. The second approach, addressed in detail, is to extend the availability of these brief interventions by utilizing the circle of providers as well as the social circle of the clients so that these interventions can be provided in a coordinated and complementary manner by psychiatrists, psychologists, clinical social workers, case managers, peer support specialists and other providers on the one hand, and by family members, friends, social and religious institutions on the other.

Author : Katherine J. Aitchison,Robin M. Murray,Patrick J. Power,Eva M. Tsapakis
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2022-03-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780429524141

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First Episode Psychosis by Katherine J. Aitchison,Robin M. Murray,Patrick J. Power,Eva M. Tsapakis Pdf

The new edition of this popular handbook has been thoroughly updated to include the latest data concerning treatment of first-episode patients. Drawing from their experience, the authors discuss the presentation and assessment of the first psychotic episode and review the appropriate use of antipsychotic agents and psychosocial approaches in effective management. This is an authoritative text written by a team of highly respected authors for psychiatrists, neurologists, primary care practitioners and health care professional working in psychiatry. Drawing from their experience, the presentation and assessment of the first psychotic episode are discussed, details regarding antipsychotic drugs and their appropriate use are reviewed and psychosocial approaches are examined. The resulting book offers a concise and valuable guide to those wishing to review the latest proposals for the treatment of first-episode psychosis supported by up-to-date references, in a single publication.

Author : Fred F. Ferri
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
Page : 7409 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2018-05-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780323550765

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Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2019 E-Book by Fred F. Ferri Pdf

Updated annually with the latest developments in diagnosis and treatment recommendations, Ferri’s Clinical Advisor uses the popular "5 books in 1" format to organize vast amounts of information in a clinically relevant, user-friendly manner. This efficient, intuitive format provides quick access to answers on more than 900 common medical conditions, including diseases and disorders, differential diagnoses, and laboratory tests – all updated by experts in key clinical fields. Updated algorithms and current clinical practice guidelines help you keep pace with the speed of modern medicine. Contains significant updates throughout, with more than 500 new figures, tables, and boxes added to this new edition. Features 17 all-new topics including opioid overdose, obesity-Hypoventilation syndrome, acute pelvic pain in women, new-onset seizures, and eosinophilic esophagitis, among many others. Provides current ICD-10 insurance billing codes to help expedite insurance reimbursements. Includes cross-references, outlines, bullets, tables, boxes, and algorithms to help you navigate a wealth of clinical information. Offers access to exclusive online content: more than 90 additional topics; new algorithms, images, and tables; EBM boxes; patient teaching guides, color images, and more.

Author : Paul W. Flint,Bruce H. Haughey,Valerie J. Lund,John K. Niparko,K. Thomas Robbins,J. Regan Thomas,Marci M. Lesperance
Publisher : Saunders
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Face
ISBN : 1455746967

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Cummings Otolaryngology--head & Neck Surgery by Paul W. Flint,Bruce H. Haughey,Valerie J. Lund,John K. Niparko,K. Thomas Robbins,J. Regan Thomas,Marci M. Lesperance Pdf

2015 BMA Medical Book Awards Highly Commended in Surgical Specialties Category! Now in its 6th edition, Cummings Otolaryngology remains the world's most detailed and trusted source for superb guidance on all facets of head and neck surgery. Completely updated with the latest minimally invasive procedures, new clinical photographs, line drawings, and new surgical videos, this latest edition equips you to implement all the newest discoveries, techniques, and technologies that are shaping patient outcomes. Be certain with expert, dependable, accurate answers for every stage of your career from the most comprehensive, multi-disciplinary text in the field! Overcome virtually any clinical challenge with detailed, expert coverage of every area of head and neck surgery, authored by hundreds of leading luminaries in the field. Experience clinical scenarios with vivid clarity through a heavily illustrated, full-color format which includes approximately 3,200 images and over 40 high quality procedural videos. Get truly diverse perspectives and worldwide best practices from a multi-disciplinary team of contributors and editors comprised of the world's leading experts. Glean all essential, up-to-date, need-to-know information. All chapters have been meticulously updated; several extensively revised with new images, references, and content. Stay at the forefront of your field with the most updated information on minimally-invasive surgical approaches to the entire skull base, vestibular implants and vestibular management involving intratympanic and physical therapy-based approaches, radiosurgical treatment of posterior fossa and skull base neoplasms, and intraoperative monitoring of cranial nerve and CNS function. Apply the latest treatment options in pediatric care with new chapters on pediatric sleep disorders, pediatric infectious disease, and evaluation and management of the infant airway. Find what you need faster through a streamlined format, reorganized chapters, and a color design that expedites reference. Manage many of the most common disorders with treatment options derived from their genetic basis. Assess real-world effectiveness and costs associated with emergent technologies and surgical approaches introduced to OHNS over the past 10 years. Incorporate recent findings about endoscopic, microscopic, laser, surgically-implantable, radiosurgical, neurophysiological monitoring, MR- and CT-imaging, and other timely topics that now define contemporary operative OHNS. Take it with you anywhere! With Expert Consult, you'll have access the full text, video clips, and more online, and as an eBook - at no additional cost!

Author : Zuhong He,Hai Huang,Wei-Jia Kong,Su-Hua Sha
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2022-07-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889765003

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Hearing Loss: From Pathogenesis to Treatment by Zuhong He,Hai Huang,Wei-Jia Kong,Su-Hua Sha Pdf

Author : Yvonne Sininger,Arnold Starr (Ph.D.)
Publisher : Singular
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0769300464

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Auditory Neuropathy by Yvonne Sininger,Arnold Starr (Ph.D.) Pdf

For those clinicians and graduate or doctoral students interested in d iagnostic audiology and auditory disorders, as well as graduate course s in Speech-Language Pathology and Deaf Education, Auditory Neuropathy is the first book of its kind to present all aspects of this newly id entified disorder that affects many clients. Drs. Sininger and Starr a long with the top clinicians and researchers in the field explore audi tory neuropathy (AN) beginning with its history, pathophysiology, audi ologic and neurologic findings in patients with AN, and results on psy choacoustic and speech perception tasks. The potential mechanisms for AN are discussed in detail as well as the latest information on the ge netic basis for some AN including identification of specific chromosom al disorders. Finally, the text will give information on results of a variety of rehabilitative methods and strategies including amplificati on and cochlear implantation for treatment of this disorder.

Author : M. Gay Masters,Nancy Austin Stecker,Jack Katz
Publisher : Pearson
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Hearing disorders
ISBN : 0205273610

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Central Auditory Processing Disorders by M. Gay Masters,Nancy Austin Stecker,Jack Katz Pdf

Because there is no single approach to the management of Central Auditory Processing Disorders (CAPD), this new book offers the latest available information on a variety of compatible approaches. It is based on the 1996 conference of the same title that was hosted by the State University of New York at Buffalo (where the co-authors are based). Each chapter is by a different authoritative contributor-a professional in audiology, speech-language pathology, or psychology. The book contains both technical details and practical, straightforward information to enable people to make proper and useful recommendations for those with CAPD. Features include: Coverage of metacognitive and metalinguistic approaches, memory and attention processing deficits, the use of FM devices for audiologic management, and a speech-language approach; detailed explanation of the management strategies suggested in the Buffalo Model; Innovative approaches and management techniques for special populationsInformation on auditory integration therapy for children, and a new interactive software program that strengthens temporal processing. Audiologists, speech-language pathologists, psychologists, special-education teachers, and even parents. A Longwood Professional Book.