Nilpotent Structures In Ergodic Theory

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Nilpotent Structures in Ergodic Theory

Bernard Host,Bryna Kra
Nilpotent Structures in Ergodic Theory Book PDF

Author : Bernard Host,Bryna Kra
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 427 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2018-12-12
Category : Ergodic theory
ISBN : 9781470447809

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Nilpotent Structures in Ergodic Theory by Bernard Host,Bryna Kra Pdf

Nilsystems play a key role in the structure theory of measure preserving systems, arising as the natural objects that describe the behavior of multiple ergodic averages. This book is a comprehensive treatment of their role in ergodic theory, covering development of the abstract theory leading to the structural statements, applications of these results, and connections to other fields. Starting with a summary of the relevant dynamical background, the book methodically develops the theory of cubic structures that give rise to nilpotent groups and reviews results on nilsystems and their properties that are scattered throughout the literature. These basic ingredients lay the groundwork for the ergodic structure theorems, and the book includes numerous formulations of these deep results, along with detailed proofs. The structure theorems have many applications, both in ergodic theory and in related fields; the book develops the connections to topological dynamics, combinatorics, and number theory, including an overview of the role of nilsystems in each of these areas. The final section is devoted to applications of the structure theory, covering numerous convergence and recurrence results. The book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in ergodic theory, along with those who work in the related areas of arithmetic combinatorics, harmonic analysis, and number theory.

Ergodic Theory

Cesar E. Silva,Alexandre I. Danilenko
Ergodic Theory Book PDF

Author : Cesar E. Silva,Alexandre I. Danilenko
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 707 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2023-07-31
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781071623886

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Ergodic Theory by Cesar E. Silva,Alexandre I. Danilenko Pdf

This volume in the Encyclopedia of Complexity and Systems Science, Second Edition, covers recent developments in classical areas of ergodic theory, including the asymptotic properties of measurable dynamical systems, spectral theory, entropy, ergodic theorems, joinings, isomorphism theory, recurrence, nonsingular systems. It enlightens connections of ergodic theory with symbolic dynamics, topological dynamics, smooth dynamics, combinatorics, number theory, pressure and equilibrium states, fractal geometry, chaos. In addition, the new edition includes dynamical systems of probabilistic origin, ergodic aspects of Sarnak's conjecture, translation flows on translation surfaces, complexity and classification of measurable systems, operator approach to asymptotic properties, interplay with operator algebras

Geometric Set Theory

Paul B. Larson,Jindrich Zapletal
Geometric Set Theory Book PDF

Author : Paul B. Larson,Jindrich Zapletal
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2020-07-16
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781470454623

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Geometric Set Theory by Paul B. Larson,Jindrich Zapletal Pdf

This book introduces a new research direction in set theory: the study of models of set theory with respect to their extensional overlap or disagreement. In Part I, the method is applied to isolate new distinctions between Borel equivalence relations. Part II contains applications to independence results in Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory without Axiom of Choice. The method makes it possible to classify in great detail various paradoxical objects obtained using the Axiom of Choice; the classifying criterion is a ZF-provable implication between the existence of such objects. The book considers a broad spectrum of objects from analysis, algebra, and combinatorics: ultrafilters, Hamel bases, transcendence bases, colorings of Borel graphs, discontinuous homomorphisms between Polish groups, and many more. The topic is nearly inexhaustible in its variety, and many directions invite further investigation.

Hopf Algebras and Galois Module Theory

Lindsay N. Childs,Cornelius Greither,Kevin P. Keating,Alan Koch,Timothy Kohl,Paul J. Truman,Robert G. Underwood
Hopf Algebras and Galois Module Theory Book PDF

Author : Lindsay N. Childs,Cornelius Greither,Kevin P. Keating,Alan Koch,Timothy Kohl,Paul J. Truman,Robert G. Underwood
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2021-11-10
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781470465162

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Hopf Algebras and Galois Module Theory by Lindsay N. Childs,Cornelius Greither,Kevin P. Keating,Alan Koch,Timothy Kohl,Paul J. Truman,Robert G. Underwood Pdf

Hopf algebras have been shown to play a natural role in studying questions of integral module structure in extensions of local or global fields. This book surveys the state of the art in Hopf-Galois theory and Hopf-Galois module theory and can be viewed as a sequel to the first author's book, Taming Wild Extensions: Hopf Algebras and Local Galois Module Theory, which was published in 2000. The book is divided into two parts. Part I is more algebraic and focuses on Hopf-Galois structures on Galois field extensions, as well as the connection between this topic and the theory of skew braces. Part II is more number theoretical and studies the application of Hopf algebras to questions of integral module structure in extensions of local or global fields. Graduate students and researchers with a general background in graduate-level algebra, algebraic number theory, and some familiarity with Hopf algebras will appreciate the overview of the current state of this exciting area and the suggestions for numerous avenues for further research and investigation.

Perverse Sheaves and Applications to Representation Theory

Pramod N. Achar
Perverse Sheaves and Applications to Representation Theory Book PDF

Author : Pramod N. Achar
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 562 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2021-09-27
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781470455972

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Perverse Sheaves and Applications to Representation Theory by Pramod N. Achar Pdf

Since its inception around 1980, the theory of perverse sheaves has been a vital tool of fundamental importance in geometric representation theory. This book, which aims to make this theory accessible to students and researchers, is divided into two parts. The first six chapters give a comprehensive account of constructible and perverse sheaves on complex algebraic varieties, including such topics as Artin's vanishing theorem, smooth descent, and the nearby cycles functor. This part of the book also has a chapter on the equivariant derived category, and brief surveys of side topics including étale and ℓ-adic sheaves, D-modules, and algebraic stacks. The last four chapters of the book show how to put this machinery to work in the context of selected topics in geometric representation theory: Kazhdan-Lusztig theory; Springer theory; the geometric Satake equivalence; and canonical bases for quantum groups. Recent developments such as the p-canonical basis are also discussed. The book has more than 250 exercises, many of which focus on explicit calculations with concrete examples. It also features a 4-page “Quick Reference” that summarizes the most commonly used facts for computations, similar to a table of integrals in a calculus textbook.

Linear and Quasilinear Parabolic Systems: Sobolev Space Theory

David Hoff
Linear and Quasilinear Parabolic Systems Sobolev Space Theory Book PDF

Author : David Hoff
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2020-11-18
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781470461614

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Linear and Quasilinear Parabolic Systems: Sobolev Space Theory by David Hoff Pdf

This monograph presents a systematic theory of weak solutions in Hilbert-Sobolev spaces of initial-boundary value problems for parabolic systems of partial differential equations with general essential and natural boundary conditions and minimal hypotheses on coefficients. Applications to quasilinear systems are given, including local existence for large data, global existence near an attractor, the Leray and Hopf theorems for the Navier-Stokes equations and results concerning invariant regions. Supplementary material is provided, including a self-contained treatment of the calculus of Sobolev functions on the boundaries of Lipschitz domains and a thorough discussion of measurability considerations for elements of Bochner-Sobolev spaces. This book will be particularly useful both for researchers requiring accessible and broadly applicable formulations of standard results as well as for students preparing for research in applied analysis. Readers should be familiar with the basic facts of measure theory and functional analysis, including weak derivatives and Sobolev spaces. Prior work in partial differential equations is helpful but not required.

Numerical Algorithms for Number Theory: Using Pari/GP

Karim Belabas,Henri Cohen
Numerical Algorithms for Number Theory Using Pari GP Book PDF

Author : Karim Belabas,Henri Cohen
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2021-06-23
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781470463519

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Numerical Algorithms for Number Theory: Using Pari/GP by Karim Belabas,Henri Cohen Pdf

This book presents multiprecision algorithms used in number theory and elsewhere, such as extrapolation, numerical integration, numerical summation (including multiple zeta values and the Riemann-Siegel formula), evaluation and speed of convergence of continued fractions, Euler products and Euler sums, inverse Mellin transforms, and complex L L-functions. For each task, many algorithms are presented, such as Gaussian and doubly-exponential integration, Euler-MacLaurin, Abel-Plana, Lagrange, and Monien summation. Each algorithm is given in detail, together with a complete implementation in the free Pari/GP system. These implementations serve both to make even more precise the inner workings of the algorithms, and to gently introduce advanced features of the Pari/GP language. This book will be appreciated by anyone interested in number theory, specifically in practical implementations, computer experiments and numerical algorithms that can be scaled to produce thousands of digits of accuracy.

Asymptotic Geometric Analysis, Part II

Shiri Artstein-Avidan,Apostolos Giannopoulos,Vitali D. Milman
Asymptotic Geometric Analysis Part II Book PDF

Author : Shiri Artstein-Avidan,Apostolos Giannopoulos,Vitali D. Milman
Publisher : American Mathematical Society
Page : 645 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2021-12-13
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781470463601

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Asymptotic Geometric Analysis, Part II by Shiri Artstein-Avidan,Apostolos Giannopoulos,Vitali D. Milman Pdf

This book is a continuation of Asymptotic Geometric Analysis, Part I, which was published as volume 202 in this series. Asymptotic geometric analysis studies properties of geometric objects, such as normed spaces, convex bodies, or convex functions, when the dimensions of these objects increase to infinity. The asymptotic approach reveals many very novel phenomena which influence other fields in mathematics, especially where a large data set is of main concern, or a number of parameters which becomes uncontrollably large. One of the important features of this new theory is in developing tools which allow studying high parametric families. Among the topics covered in the book are measure concentration, isoperimetric constants of log-concave measures, thin-shell estimates, stochastic localization, the geometry of Gaussian measures, volume inequalities for convex bodies, local theory of Banach spaces, type and cotype, the Banach-Mazur compactum, symmetrizations, restricted invertibility, and functional versions of geometric notions and inequalities.

Sampling in Combinatorial and Geometric Set Systems

Nabil H. Mustafa
Sampling in Combinatorial and Geometric Set Systems Book PDF

Author : Nabil H. Mustafa
Publisher : American Mathematical Society
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2022-01-14
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781470461560

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Sampling in Combinatorial and Geometric Set Systems by Nabil H. Mustafa Pdf

Understanding the behavior of basic sampling techniques and intrinsic geometric attributes of data is an invaluable skill that is in high demand for both graduate students and researchers in mathematics, machine learning, and theoretical computer science. The last ten years have seen significant progress in this area, with many open problems having been resolved during this time. These include optimal lower bounds for epsilon-nets for many geometric set systems, the use of shallow-cell complexity to unify proofs, simpler and more efficient algorithms, and the use of epsilon-approximations for construction of coresets, to name a few. This book presents a thorough treatment of these probabilistic, combinatorial, and geometric methods, as well as their combinatorial and algorithmic applications. It also revisits classical results, but with new and more elegant proofs. While mathematical maturity will certainly help in appreciating the ideas presented here, only a basic familiarity with discrete mathematics, probability, and combinatorics is required to understand the material.

Maximal Cohen–Macaulay Modules and Tate Cohomology

Ragnar-Olaf Buchweitz
Maximal Cohen Macaulay Modules and Tate Cohomology Book PDF

Author : Ragnar-Olaf Buchweitz
Publisher : American Mathematical Society
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2021-12-16
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781470453404

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Maximal Cohen–Macaulay Modules and Tate Cohomology by Ragnar-Olaf Buchweitz Pdf

This book is a lightly edited version of the unpublished manuscript Maximal Cohen–Macaulay modules and Tate cohomology over Gorenstein rings by Ragnar-Olaf Buchweitz. The central objects of study are maximal Cohen–Macaulay modules over (not necessarily commutative) Gorenstein rings. The main result is that the stable category of maximal Cohen–Macaulay modules over a Gorenstein ring is equivalent to the stable derived category and also to the homotopy category of acyclic complexes of projective modules. This assimilates and significantly extends earlier work of Eisenbud on hypersurface singularities. There is also an extensive discussion of duality phenomena in stable derived categories, extending Tate duality on cohomology of finite groups. Another noteworthy aspect is an extension of the classical BGG correspondence to super-algebras. There are numerous examples that illustrate these ideas. The text includes a survey of developments subsequent to, and connected with, Buchweitz's manuscript.

Diagrammatic Algebra

J. Scott Carter,Seiichi Kamada
Diagrammatic Algebra Book PDF

Author : J. Scott Carter,Seiichi Kamada
Publisher : American Mathematical Society
Page : 365 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2021-12-15
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781470466718

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Diagrammatic Algebra by J. Scott Carter,Seiichi Kamada Pdf

This book is an introduction to techniques and results in diagrammatic algebra. It starts with abstract tensors and their categorifications, presents diagrammatic methods for studying Frobenius and Hopf algebras, and discusses their relations with topological quantum field theory and knot theory. The text is replete with figures, diagrams, and suggestive typography that allows the reader a glimpse into many higher dimensional processes. The penultimate chapter summarizes the previous material by demonstrating how to braid 3- and 4- dimensional manifolds into 5- and 6-dimensional spaces. The book is accessible to post-qualifier graduate students, and will also be of interest to algebraists, topologists and algebraic topologists who would like to incorporate diagrammatic techniques into their research.

Ridge Functions and Applications in Neural Networks

Vugar E. Ismailov
Ridge Functions and Applications in Neural Networks Book PDF

Author : Vugar E. Ismailov
Publisher : American Mathematical Society
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2021-12-17
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781470467654

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Ridge Functions and Applications in Neural Networks by Vugar E. Ismailov Pdf

Recent years have witnessed a growth of interest in the special functions called ridge functions. These functions appear in various fields and under various guises. They appear in partial differential equations (where they are called plane waves), in computerized tomography, and in statistics. Ridge functions are also the underpinnings of many central models in neural network theory. In this book various approximation theoretic properties of ridge functions are described. This book also describes properties of generalized ridge functions, and their relation to linear superpositions and Kolmogorov's famous superposition theorem. In the final part of the book, a single and two hidden layer neural networks are discussed. The results obtained in this part are based on properties of ordinary and generalized ridge functions. Novel aspects of the universal approximation property of feedforward neural networks are revealed. This book will be of interest to advanced graduate students and researchers working in functional analysis, approximation theory, and the theory of real functions, and will be of particular interest to those wishing to learn more about neural network theory and applications and other areas where ridge functions are used.

The Classification of the Finite Simple Groups, Number 9

Inna Capdeboscq,Daniel Gorenstein,Richard Lyons,Ronald Solomon
The Classification of the Finite Simple Groups Number 9 Book PDF

Author : Inna Capdeboscq,Daniel Gorenstein,Richard Lyons,Ronald Solomon
Publisher : American Mathematical Society
Page : 520 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2021-02-22
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781470464370

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The Classification of the Finite Simple Groups, Number 9 by Inna Capdeboscq,Daniel Gorenstein,Richard Lyons,Ronald Solomon Pdf

This book is the ninth volume in a series whose goal is to furnish a careful and largely self-contained proof of the classification theorem for the finite simple groups. Having completed the classification of the simple groups of odd type as well as the classification of the simple groups of generic even type (modulo uniqueness theorems to appear later), the current volume begins the classification of the finite simple groups of special even type. The principal result of this volume is a classification of the groups of bicharacteristic type, i.e., of both even type and of $p$-type for a suitable odd prime $p$. It is here that the largest sporadic groups emerge, namely the Monster, the Baby Monster, the largest Conway group, and the three Fischer groups, along with six finite groups of Lie type over small fields, several of which play a major role as subgroups or sections of these sporadic groups.

Maximal Function Methods for Sobolev Spaces

Juha Kinnunen,Juha Lehrbäck,Antti Vähäkangas
Maximal Function Methods for Sobolev Spaces Book PDF

Author : Juha Kinnunen,Juha Lehrbäck,Antti Vähäkangas
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2021-08-02
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781470465759

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Maximal Function Methods for Sobolev Spaces by Juha Kinnunen,Juha Lehrbäck,Antti Vähäkangas Pdf

This book discusses advances in maximal function methods related to Poincaré and Sobolev inequalities, pointwise estimates and approximation for Sobolev functions, Hardy's inequalities, and partial differential equations. Capacities are needed for fine properties of Sobolev functions and characterization of Sobolev spaces with zero boundary values. The authors consider several uniform quantitative conditions that are self-improving, such as Hardy's inequalities, capacity density conditions, and reverse Hölder inequalities. They also study Muckenhoupt weight properties of distance functions and combine these with weighted norm inequalities; notions of dimension are then used to characterize density conditions and to give sufficient and necessary conditions for Hardy's inequalities. At the end of the book, the theory of weak solutions to the p p-Laplace equation and the use of maximal function techniques is this context are discussed. The book is directed to researchers and graduate students interested in applications of geometric and harmonic analysis in Sobolev spaces and partial differential equations.