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Author : R. B. Byers
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015012855139
Author : Patrick Wagner
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 12 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2003-11-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783638231985
Essay from the year 2003 in the subject Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict, Security, grade: 1+ (A), University of Kent (Department of Politics and International Relations), language: English, abstract: When the USA dropped two nuclear bombs on the Japanese cities of Nagasaki and Hiroshima in August 1945, the world witnessed the first and so far the last use of these weapons. Their devastating effect led to a worldwide fear of atomic bombs, but could not, however, prevent a number of states from developing these fatal devices. In fact, the two superpowers engaged in the subsequent arms race during the Cold War, which, in the end, left both with a nuclear arsenal big enough to destroy the entire world several times over. Although these weapons exist in huge amounts, they have never been used for military purposes since. This distinction is important to make, because the superpowers did make use of their nuclear arsenal on a political level, namely with the strategy of nuclear deterrence. Based on the US assurance that a Soviet attack on the USA or its allies would be answered with massive retaliation, this strategy has prevented a nuclear war. By looking at the concept of nuclear deterrence in more detail this essay will argue that nuclear deterrence must be seen as a conflict, even though arguments can be found underlining the view that it is not. It is certainly true that the abstract nature of nuclear strategy makes an explanation in the traditional Clausewitzian sense of conflict impossible. However, recognising the fact that the arrival of the nuclear bomb has changed the purpose of military strategy fundamentally, namely from the purpose of winning wars to the purpose of preventing wars , inevitably leads to a new concept of conflict. Nuclear strategy has introduced a shift of strategic thinking away from the military towards politics. This does of course mean that ‘conflict’ now has to be defined in political terms. ‘Conflict’ can no longer only be seen as the confrontation of armies in the battlefield but must include the threat of use of force, as the political dimension of conflict, as well.
Author : Roman Kolkowicz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2005-08-31
Category : History
ISBN : 9781135779887
This volume reflects the research and discussions for the Bellagio Conference, with a spcial emphasis on the distinct perspective introduced by the Europeans on the issues of superpower strategic relations in general and on MAD and SDI in particular. Their views are shaped by concerns on how these broader issues might affect their own national security interests.
Author : Geoffrey Kemp,Robert L. Pfaltzgraff,Uri Ra'anan
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 328 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1974
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015002222670
Author : William Martel,Paul L. Savage
Publisher : Praeger
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1986-03-26
Category : History
ISBN : STANFORD:36105037972622
En undersøgelse af hvordan USA og USSR faktisk kunne føre atomkrig. De opstillede scenarier er taget fra computer på grundlag af uklassificeret materiale vedrørende supermagternes kernevåbenstyrker og potentielle by-, militær- og industrimål.
Author : Kenneth Randall Pennie
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 902 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Soviet Union
ISBN : OCLC:940329321
Author : Stephen J. Cimbala
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2000-05-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9780313003677
The future of nuclear weapons and nuclear strategy in the 21st century is not entirely predictable from the Cold War past. Nor is it easy to foresee on the basis of what has happened since the Soviet Union collapsed in 1991. Cimbala contends that nuclear weapons and the psychology of nuclear deterrence will remain important after 2000, but the character of that importance will change. No longer will nuclear weapons be the dominators of military technology. Instead, advanced technology conventional weapons, based on information and electronics, will supplant nuclear weapons as the instruments of military supremacy in the 21st century. What, Cimbala asks, can be expected of nuclear weapons in the 21st century, given what we have learned from previous experience in the Cold War and in the 1990s? Cimbala expects that nuclear weapons will spread among currently non-nuclear states, and states with regional grievances or hegemonic aspirations will seek to deploy small nuclear forces as deterrents against neighbors or against outside intervention by the United States in regional conflicts. Regional rogue states may also obtain nuclear weapons. Nonetheless, as Cimbala explains, the international balance of power is unlikely to change. As he makes clear, power will be less dependent on deployed military platforms and more dependent on information warfare. A thoughtful and provocative analysis that will be of particular interest to policy makers, scholars, and other researchers involved with arms control, security studies, and international relations.
Author : Stephen J. Cimbala,Joseph D. Douglass
Publisher : Potomac Books
Page : 214 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : History
ISBN : UCAL:B4234004
If we are ever to fight WWIII, how do we end it if it should go nuclear? As an investigation of command structures, communications, a divergent attitude, this volume has merit. However, if nuclear war breaks out, deterence has failed and rationality is lost. To assume a rational conclusion to an irrational act is tragically humorous. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author : Charles L. Glaser
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 393 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2014-07-14
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781400862023
With sweeping changes in the Soviet Union and East Europe having shaken core assumptions of U.S. defense policy, it is time to reassess basic questions of American nuclear strategy and force requirements. In a comprehensive analysis of these issues, Charles Glaser argues that even before the recent easing of tension with the Soviet Union, the United States should have revised its nuclear strategy, rejecting deterrent threats that require the ability to destroy Soviet nuclear forces and forgoing entirely efforts to limit damage if all-out nuclear war occurs. Changes in the Soviet Union, suggests Glaser, may be best viewed as creating an opportunity to make revisions that are more than twenty years overdue. Glaser's provocative work is organized in three parts. "The Questions behind the Questions" evaluates the basic factual and theoretical disputes that underlie disagreements about U.S. nuclear weapons policy. "Alternative Nuclear Worlds" compares "mutual assured destruction capabilities" (MAD)--a world in which both superpowers' societies are highly vulnerable to nuclear retaliation--to the basic alternatives: mutual perfect defenses, U.S. superiority, and nuclear disarmament. Would any basic alternatives be preferable to MAD? Drawing on the earlier sections of the book, "Decisions in MAD" addresses key choices facing American decision makers. Originally published in 1990. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.
Author : Roger F. Pajak
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 136 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1982
Category : Government publications
ISBN : UCR:31210024770263
The diffusion of nuclear technology in the Third World and the possibility of nuclear weapons proliferation comprise one of the most acute security concerns confronting the US and its allies. Nowhere are the implications for world peace more precarious than in the volatile Middle East. In contrast to the US-Soviet political environment which a nuclear 'code of conduct' has developed, no such code of behavior exists in the Arab-Israeli milieu. A potential nuclear scenario thereby looms in large in any renewed significant conflict in the Middle East, with the consequent implications for catastrophe in the area, as well as for superpower confrontation. The political, military, and economic incentives which might impel a state to 'go nuclear' clearly obtain for Israel and its primary Arab antagonists. Israel appears on virtually every list of would-be proliferators, while politico-military incentives and the requisite economic capabilities for obtaining a nuclear capability are undeniably present in several Arab states.
Author : Albert Carnesale,Richard Haass
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Law
ISBN : UOM:39015012291087
Author : Dennis Menos
Publisher : Praeger
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1990-04-23
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015017906796
The nuclear arsenals of the United States and the Soviet Union are larger, better equipped, and deadlier than at any other time in history. This incisive book contends that the superpowers, while exhibiting enormous ingenuity in the area of arms development, have shown only a minimal interest toward the containment of arms. This is a carefully documented evaluation of the mismanagement of nuclear arms control by the superpowers, and of their failure to contain the nuclear arms race despite their involvement in the process for over a quarter of a century. Only the superpowers can reduce the proliferation of nuclear arms and in the process lessen the likelihood of nuclear war through accident, miscalculation, or crisis escalation. Yet forty-four years after Hiroshima, not a single wanted nuclear weapon has been eliminated by them. The Superpowers and Nuclear Arms Control addresses a broad spectrum of nuclear arms control issues, beginning with the history of the nuclear arms race, the lukewarm attempts by the superpowers at nuclear arms control, and the role of the nuclear havenots. The book then considers current threats to arms control evidenced by the termination of the SALT regime and plans to discard the ABM Treaty. A discussion of the congressional-executive split on numerous key arms control issues is followed by conclusions drawn from observing decades of negotiation. Comprehensive appendices contain valuable charts and other documents that reinforce the content of the text. This resource is a useful tool for arms control and disarmament activists, students, and researchers, and for the many men and women everywhere who are at a loss to understand why so little is being accomplished in this critical area.
Author : K. S. Tripathi
Publisher : Delhi : Vikas Publications
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 1970
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015005097145
Author : Colin S. Gray
Publisher : University Press of Kentucky
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2021-10-21
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780813185033
What is Soviet-American competition all about? Is the Soviet Union a security problem that the United States must solve? Or is it an insecurity condition with which the U.S. must learn to live—and if so, on what terms? What kind of a player is the United States in the great game of power politics? In The Geopolitics of Super Power, one of our most respected strategic theorists answers these and other questions. In geopolitical terms, Colin Gray sees the Soviet-American antagonism as an enduring contest between a continental empire and a maritime coalition, each with its distinctive character and purposes. Gray explores the roots of the American style in foreign policy and strategy, and how that style relates to defense options. He identifies four broad alternatives for U.S. national security policy: passive and active means of containment, disengagement from foreign security commitments, and the "rollback" of the Soviet empire. Gray argues vigorously for active containment, for the systematic deemphasis of nuclear weapons, and for the intelligent use, for deterrence and defense purposes, of the West's great competitive strengths in the political, economic, and technological spheres.
Author : Christer Jönsson
Publisher : Pinter Publishers
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Political Science
ISBN : UOM:39015008173943
