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Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 16 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 1981
Category : Atomic bomb
ISBN : UCR:31210023607383
Author : Abby A. Johnson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Ionizing radiation
ISBN : UIUC:30112075683729
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Radiation Effects Research,Committee to Review the Dose Reconstruction Program of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 415 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2003-08-21
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309168021
From 1945 through 1962, the US atmospheric nuclear weapons testing program involved hundreds of thousands of military and civilian personnel, and some of them were exposed to ionizing radiation. Veterans' groups have since been concerned that their members' health was affected by radiation exposure associated with participation in nuclear tests and have pressured Congress for disability compensation. Several pieces of legislation have been passed to compensate both military and civilian personnel for such health effects. Veterans' concerns about the accuracy of reconstructed doses prompted Congress to have the General Accounting Office (GAO) review the dose reconstruction program used to estimate exposure. The GAO study concluded that dose reconstruction is a valid method of estimating radiation dose and could be used as the basis of compensation. It also recommended an independent review of the dose reconstruction program. The result of that recommendation was a congressional mandate that the Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA), a part of the Department of Defense, ask the National Research Council to conduct an independent review of the dose reconstruction program. In response to that request, the National Research Council established the Committee to Review the Dose Reconstruction Program of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency in the Board on Radiation Effects Research (BRER). The committee randomly selected sample records of doses that had been reconstructed by DTRA and carefully evaluated them. The committee's report describes its findings and provides responses to many of the questions that have been raised by the veterans.
Author : Institute of Medicine,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee to Study the Mortality of Military Personnel Present at Atmospheric Tests of Nuclear Weapons,Heather O'Maonaigh,Harriet Crawford,William F. Page,Susan Thaul
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 239 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2000-04-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780309067812
More than 200,000 U.S. military personnel participated in atmospheric nuclear weapons tests between 1945 and the 1963 Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. Questions persist, such as whether that test participation is associated with the timing and causes of death among those individuals. This is the report of a mortality study of the approximately 70,000 soldiers, sailors, and airmen who participated in at least one of five selected U.S. nuclear weapons test series1 in the 1950s and nearly 65,000 comparable nonparticipants, the referents. The investigation described in this report, based on more than 5 million person-years of mortality follow-up, represents one of the largest cohort studies of military veterans ever conducted.
Author : Institute of Medicine,Committee on the CROSSROADS Nuclear Test
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 159 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1996-11-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309175173
In 1946, approximately 40,000 U.S. military personnel participated in Operation CROSSROADS, an atmospheric nuclear test that took place at Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands. Congress passed a law directing the Veterans Administration to determine whether there were any long-term adverse health effects associated with exposure to ionizing radiation from the detonation of nuclear devices. This book contains the results of an extensive epidemiological study of the mortality of participants compared with a similar group of nonparticipants. Topics of discussion include a breakdown of the study rationale; an overview of other studies of veteran participants in nuclear tests; and descriptions of Operation CROSSROADS, data sources for the study, participant and comparison cohorts, exposure details, mortality ascertainment, and findings and conclusions.
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Veterans' Affairs. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 698 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Radiation
ISBN : UOM:39015039063691
Author : F. Gladeck
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Ionizing radiation
ISBN : MINN:31951D03782298H
Author : Barton C. Hacker
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 644 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 1994-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0520083237
Unforgettable congressional hearings in 1978 revealed that fallout from American nuclear weapons testing in the 1950s had overexposed hundreds of soldiers and other citizens to radiation. Faith in governmental integrity was shaken, and many people have assumed that such overexposure caused great damage. Yet important questions remain--the most controversial being: did the radiation overexposure in fact cause the cancers and birth defects for which it has been blamed? Elements of Controversy is the result of a decade of exhaustive research in AEC documentary records and the full clinical and epidemiological literature on radiation effects. More concerned with uncovering the historical story than with assigning blame, Barton Hacker concludes that every precaution was taken by the AEC to avoid harming test participants or bystanders. And, he points out, the biomedical literature suggests that these precautions worked. Yet top officials in Washington--for whom the success of nuclear weapons was of overriding importance--had asserted that testing involved no risks at all. Discrepancies between unverifiable government claims and the revelations that some actual risk was present explain the origins and angry persistence of the controversies, Hacker argues. The Department of Energy delayed publication of Hacker's study for five years, and while his controversial book is sure to draw objections from both sides of the radiation-hazard debates, it will provide a much-needed guide to understanding their polemics. Unforgettable congressional hearings in 1978 revealed that fallout from American nuclear weapons testing in the 1950s had overexposed hundreds of soldiers and other citizens to radiation. Faith in governmental integrity was shaken, and many people have assumed that such overexposure caused great damage. Yet important questions remain--the most controversial being: did the radiation overexposure in fact cause the cancers and birth defects for which it has been blamed? Elements of Controversy is the result of a decade of exhaustive research in AEC documentary records and the full clinical and epidemiological literature on radiation effects. More concerned with uncovering the historical story than with assigning blame, Barton Hacker concludes that every precaution was taken by the AEC to avoid harming test participants or bystanders. And, he points out, the biomedical literature suggests that these precautions worked. Yet top officials in Washington--for whom the success of nuclear weapons was of overriding importance--had asserted that testing involved no risks at all. Discrepancies between unverifiable government claims and the revelations that some actual risk was present explain the origins and angry persistence of the controversies, Hacker argues. The Department of Energy delayed publication of Hacker's study for five years, and while his controversial book is sure to draw objections from both sides of the radiation-hazard debates, it will provide a much-needed guide to understanding their polemics.
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 588 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Ionizing radiation
ISBN : UOM:39015039033603
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Veterans' Affairs. Subcommittee on Compensation, Pension, and Insurance
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Disabled veterans
ISBN : UCR:31210024917534
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 530 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : History
ISBN : UCR:31210011552914
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 840 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Disabled veterans
ISBN : PURD:32754078064890
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 720 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1979
Category : Ionizing radiation
ISBN : PURD:32754078083023
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Veterans' Affairs
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : History
ISBN : PURD:32754069230070
Author : Committee on the CROSSROADS Nuclear Test,Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1996-11-25
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309589772
In 1946, approximately 40,000 U.S. military personnel participated in Operation CROSSROADS, an atmospheric nuclear test that took place at Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands. Congress passed a law directing the Veterans Administration to determine whether there were any long-term adverse health effects associated with exposure to ionizing radiation from the detonation of nuclear devices. This book contains the results of an extensive epidemiological study of the mortality of participants compared with a similar group of nonparticipants. Topics of discussion include a breakdown of the study rationale; an overview of other studies of veteran participants in nuclear tests; and descriptions of Operation CROSSROADS, data sources for the study, participant and comparison cohorts, exposure details, mortality ascertainment, and findings and conclusions.
