Nucleation Of Water

Author : Ari Laaksonen,Jussi Malila
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2021-11-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128143223

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Nucleation of Water by Ari Laaksonen,Jussi Malila Pdf

Nucleation of Water: From Fundamental Science to Atmospheric and Additional Applications provides a comprehensive accounting of the current state-of-the-art regarding the nucleation of water. It covers vapor-liquid, liquid-vapor, liquid-ice and vapor-ice transitions and describes basic kinetic and thermodynamic concepts in a manner understandable to researchers working on specific applications. The main focus of the book lies in atmospheric phenomena, but it also describes engineering and biological applications. Bubble nucleation, although not of major atmospheric relevance, is included for completeness. This book presents a single, go-to resource that will help readers understand the breadth and depth of nucleation, both in theory and in real-world examples. Offers a single, comprehensive work on water nucleation, including cutting- edge research on ice, cloud and bubble nucleation Written primarily for atmospheric scientists, but it also presents the theories in such a way that researchers in other disciplines will find it useful Written by one of the world’s foremost experts on ice nucleation

Author : K. L. Mittal,Chang-Hwan Choi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 704 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2020-12-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781119640370

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Ice Adhesion by K. L. Mittal,Chang-Hwan Choi Pdf

This unique book presents ways to mitigate the disastrous effects of snow/ice accumulation and discusses the mechanisms of new coatings deicing technologies. The strategies currently used to combat ice accumulation problems involve chemical, mechanical or electrical approaches. These are expensive and labor intensive, and the use of chemicals raises serious environmental concerns. The availability of truly icephobic surfaces or coatings will be a big boon in preventing the devastating effects of ice accumulation. Currently, there is tremendous interest in harnessing nanotechnology in rendering surfaces icephobic or in devising icephobic surface materials and coatings, and all signals indicate that such interest will continue unabated in the future. As the key issue regarding icephobic materials or coatings is their durability, much effort is being spent in developing surface materials or coatings which can be effective over a long period. With the tremendous activity in this arena, there is strong hope that in the not too distant future, durable surface materials or coatings will come to fruition. This book contains 20 chapters by subject matter experts and is divided into three parts— Part 1: Fundamentals of Ice Formation and Characterization; Part 2: Ice Adhesion and Its Measurement; and Part 3: Methods to Mitigate Ice Adhesion. The topics covered include: factors influencing the formation, adhesion and friction of ice; ice nucleation on solid surfaces; physics of ice nucleation and growth on a surface; condensation frosting; defrosting properties of structured surfaces; relationship between surface free energy and ice adhesion to surfaces; metrology of ice adhesion; test methods for quantifying ice adhesion strength to surfaces; interlaboratory studies of ice adhesion strength; mechanisms of surface icing and deicing technologies; icephobicities of superhydrophobic surfaces; anti-icing using microstructured surfaces; icephobic surfaces: features and challenges; bio-inspired anti-icing surface materials; durability of anti-icing coatings; durability of icephobic coatings; bio-inspired icephobic coatings; protection from ice accretion on aircraft; and numerical modeling and its application to inflight icing.

Author : Ari Laaksonen,Jussi Malila
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128143216

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Nucleation of Water by Ari Laaksonen,Jussi Malila Pdf

Nucleation of Water: From Fundamental Science to Atmospheric and Additional Applications provides a comprehensive accounting of the current state-of-the-art regarding the nucleation of water. It covers vapor-liquid, liquid-vapor, liquid-ice and vapor-ice transitions and describes basic kinetic and thermodynamic concepts in a manner understandable to researchers working on specific applications. The main focus of the book lies in atmospheric phenomena, but it also describes engineering and biological applications. Bubble nucleation, although not of major atmospheric relevance, is included for completeness. This book presents a single, go-to resource that will help readers understand the breadth and depth of nucleation, both in theory and in real-world examples. Offers a single, comprehensive work on water nucleation, including cutting- edge research on ice, cloud and bubble nucleation Written primarily for atmospheric scientists, but it also presents the theories in such a way that researchers in other disciplines will find it useful Written by one of the world's foremost experts on ice nucleation

Author : George K. Swinzow
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : Polywater
ISBN : MINN:31951D03547074G

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Anomalous Water: Nucleation, Growth and Properties by George K. Swinzow Pdf

An anomalous liquid phase forming in an atmosphere of reduced water vapor pressure was investigated. The liquid was grown in capillary tubes. Technical experimental refinements resulted in high nucleation rates not previously observed. An examination of vapor pressures disclosed the relationship of nucleation growth and equilibria of anomalous water. The possibility of nucleation and growth of anomalous water on flat surfaces was confirmed by observation. Anomalous water was nucleated and grown on glass, quartz, Teflon, polyethylene and metal. Growth rates on free flat surfaces were higher, and the total amount of fluid obtained was several orders of magnitude higher, than those obtained from capillary tubes. Refractive indexes and other properties were measured directly. The new method of growing anomalous water outside capillary tubes is an advantage that may lead to large-scale production. Neither investigation of nor conclusion on the nature of the substance was made. Its low freezing temperature, high boiling temperature, low vapor pressure and high viscosity, reported by previous investigators and observed by the author, are of primary importance and justify a search for large-scale preparation methods. (Author).

Author : Roland Stull
Publisher : Sundog Publishing, LLC
Page : 942 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Science
ISBN : 0888652836

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Practical Meteorology by Roland Stull Pdf

A quantitative introduction to atmospheric science for students and professionals who want to understand and apply basic meteorological concepts but who are not ready for calculus.

Author : Colin D. O'Dowd,Paul E. Wagner
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 1275 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2007-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402064746

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Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols by Colin D. O'Dowd,Paul E. Wagner Pdf

Atmospheric particles are ubiquitous in the atmosphere: they form the seeds for cloud droplets and they form haze layers, blocking out incoming radiation and contributing to a partial cooling of our climate. They also contribute to poor air quality and health impacts. A large fraction of aerosols are formed from nucleation processes – that is a phase transition from vapour to liquid or solid particles. Examples are the formation of stable clusters about 1 nm in size from molecular collisions and these in turn can grow into larger (100 nm or more) haze particles via condensation to the formation of ice crystals in mixed phase or cold clouds. This book brings together the leading experts from the nucleation and atmospheric aerosols research communities to present the current state-of-the-art knowledge in these related fields. Topics covered are: Nucleation Experiment & Theory, Binary, Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Nucleation, Ion & Cluster Properties During Nucleation, Aerosol Characterisation & Properties, Aerosol Formation, Dynamics and Growth, Marine Aerosol Production, Aerosol-Cloud Interactions, Chemical Composition & Cloud Drop Activation, Remote Sensing of aerosol & clouds and Air Quality-Climate Interactions

Author : John R. Howell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 50 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 1967
Category : Ebullition
ISBN : UIUC:30112106636217

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Activation, Growth, and Detachment of Boiling Bubbles in Water from Artificial Nucleation Sites of Known Geometry and Size by John R. Howell Pdf

Author : M. Kulmala,P.E. Wagner
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 967 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1996-08-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080537820

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Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols 1996 by M. Kulmala,P.E. Wagner Pdf

This volume is a collection of papers presented at the 14th International Conference on Nucleation and Atmospheric Aerosols, Helsinki, 26 - 30 August 1996. The first conference of this series took place in Dublin (1955); second, Basel and Locarno (1956); third, Cambridge (1958); fourth, Frankfurt am Main and Heidelberg (1961); fifth, Clermont-Ferrand and Tolouse (1963); sixth, Albany and University Park (1966); seventh, Prague and Vienna (1969); eighth, Leningrad (1973); ninth, Galway (1977); tenth, Hamburg (1981); eleventh Budapest (1984); twelfth, Vienna (1988); thirteenth, Salt Lake City (1992). The Atmospheric Aerosol conference has been held jointly with the Nucleation Symposium since 1988 in Vienna in order to stimulate contacts between researchers in these closely related fields. The broad nature of the meeting and the scientific program resulted in 32 countries submitting papers for presentation. Covering both experimental and theoretical studies these papers are divided amongst the chapters on Nucleation, Stratospheric Aerosols and Ice Nucleation, Tropospheric Aerosols and Aerosol-Cloud-Climate Interaction. In addition to these contributed papers invitations to present a plenary lecture on topics of particular current interest were accepted by P.J. Crutzen, J. Gras, J.L. Katz, A.A. Lushnikov, D. Oxtoby, J.E. Penner, Th. Peter, F. Raes, S.E. Schwartz, R. Strey and G. Vali. These plenary papers together with the contributed papers provide a well-balanced perspective of the current research over the entire field and highlight some important issues.

Author : V.I. Kalikmanov
Publisher : Springer
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2012-11-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789048136438

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Nucleation Theory by V.I. Kalikmanov Pdf

One of the most striking phenomena in condensed matter physics is the occurrence of abrupt transitions in the structure of a substance at certain temperatures or pressures. These are first order phase transitions, and examples such as the freezing of water are familiar in everyday life. The conditions at which the transformation takes place can sometimes vary. For example, the freezing point of water is not always 0°C, but the liquid can be supercooled considerably if it is pure enough and treated carefully. The reason for this phenomenon is nucleation. This monograph covers all major available routes of theoretical research of nucleation phenomena (phenomenological models, semi-phenomenological theories, density functional theories, microscopic and semi-microscopic approaches), with emphasis on the formation of liquid droplets from a metastable vapor. Also, it illustrates the application of these various approaches to experimentally relevant problems. In spite of the familiarity of the involved phenomena, it is still impossible to calculate nucleation accurately, as the properties and the kinetics of the daughter phase are insufficiently well known. Existing theories based upon classical nucleation theory have on the whole explained the trends in behavior correctly. However they often fail spectacularly to account for new data, in particular in the case of binary or, more generally, multi-component nucleation. The current challenge of this book is to go beyond such classical models and provide a more satisfactory theory by using density functional theory and microscopic computer simulations in order to describe the properties of small clusters. Also, semi-phenomenological models are proposed, which attempt to relate the properties of small clusters to known properties of the bulk phases. This monograph is an introduction as well as a compendium to researchers in soft condensed matter physics and chemical physics, graduate and post-graduate students in physics and chemistry starting on research in the area of nucleation, and to experimentalists wishing to gain a better understanding of the efforts being made to account for their data.

Author : Thomas D. Potter,Bradley R. Colman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1030 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2003-08-11
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780471214908

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Handbook of Weather, Climate, and Water by Thomas D. Potter,Bradley R. Colman Pdf

This comprehensive, two-volume review of the atmospheric and hydrologic sciences promises to be the definitive reference for both professionals and laypersons for years to come. Volume I addresses atmospheric dynamics, physical meteorology, weather systems, and measurements, while Volume II contains information on the climate system, atmospheric chemistry, hydrology, and societal impacts.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : American Philosophical Society
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2024-06-30
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1422377121

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Transactions, American Philosophical Society (vol. 38, Part 3, 1948) by Anonim Pdf

Author : United States. Office of Saline Water
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1342 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1966
Category : Saline water conversion
ISBN : UOM:39015068094112

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Saline Water Conversion Report for ... by United States. Office of Saline Water Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 982 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1967
Category : Saline water conversion
ISBN : UCSD:31822009725631

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Saline Water Conversion Report for by Anonim Pdf

Author : Pao K. Wang
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 469 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107005563

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Physics and Dynamics of Clouds and Precipitation by Pao K. Wang Pdf

New textbook on microphysics, thermodynamics and cloud-scale dynamics of clouds and precipitation, for graduate and advanced undergraduate students, researchers and professionals.

Author : Byung Il Kim
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2022-12-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783031190872

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Self-Assembled Water Chains by Byung Il Kim Pdf

Despite advances in the long-range electrostatic double-layer force, which depends strongly on ionic strength in water by using theoretical models such as DLVO (Derjaguin, Landau, Verwey, and Overbeek), the structure of confined water in air still remains widely unknown and has led to a variety of unexplained phenomena. This book bridges that gap by introducing a newly developed scanning probe miscroscopy (SPM) approach, which enables one to probe confined water at the molecular and atomic scale. Written by the developer of SPM, this book covers this new approach, as well as original approaches to addressing general interfacial water issues. It also introduces the cantilever-based optical interfacial force microscope (COIFM), which was invented by the author along with the methodology. The improved understanding will contribute to liquid-based nano- and bio-technologies such as lab-on-a-chip technologies, nanofluidic devices, dip-pen nanolithography, nano-oxidation, water-based granular interactions, liquid-based nanolubricants, hydration layers in biopolymers, manipulation of biomolecules, protein folding, stability of colloid suspensions, enzyme activity, swelling in clays, development of bioactive surfaces, water columns and ion channeling in membranes and scanning probe microscopy (SPM). It will also contribute to the improved performance of moving components in silicon-based micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) devices, where water plays a key role in interfacial interactions.