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Author : Bernard E. J. Pagel
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1997-09-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521559588
A lucid, wide-ranging graduate textbook on the topical subject of galactic chemical evolution - by a pioneer of the field.
Author : Bernard Ephraim Julius Pagel
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 485 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2009-01-15
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780521840309
A lucid introduction for advanced undergraduates and graduate students, and an authoritative overview for researchers and professional scientists.
Author : Francesca Matteucci
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 295 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401009676
This book is based partly on a. lecture course given at the University of Tri este, but mostly on my own research experience in the field of galactic chemical evolution. The subject of galactic chemical evolution was started and developed by Beat rice Tinsley in the seventies and now is a flourishing subject. This book is dedi cated to the chemical evolution of our Galaxy and aims at giving an up-to-date review of what we have learned since Tinsley's pioneering efforts. At the time of writing, in fact, books of this kind were not available with the exception of the excellent book by Bernard Pagel on "Nucleosynthesis and Chemical Evolution of Galaxies" (Cambridge University Press, 1997), and the subject of galactic chem ical evolution has appeared only as short chapters in books devoted to other subjects. Therefore, I felt that a book of this kind could be useful. The book summarizes the observational facts which allow us to reconstruct the chemical history of our Galaxy, in particular the abundances in stars and in terstellar medium; in the last decade, a great deal of observational work, mostly abundance determinations in stars in the solar vicinity, has shed light on the pro duction and distribution of chemical elements. Even more recently more abun dance data have accumulated for external galaxies at both low and high redshift, thus providing precious information on the chemical evolution of different types of galaxies and on the early stages of galaxy evolution.
Author : Francesca Matteucci
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2012-01-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642224911
The term “chemical evolution of galaxies” refers to the evolution of abundances of chemical species in galaxies, which is due to nuclear processes occurring in stars and to gas flows into and out of galaxies. This book deals with the chemical evolution of galaxies of all morphological types (ellipticals, spirals and irregulars) and stresses the importance of the star formation histories in determining the properties of stellar populations in different galaxies. The topic is approached in a didactical and logical manner via galaxy evolution models which are compared with observational results obtained in the last two decades: The reader is given an introduction to the concept of chemical abundances and learns about the main stellar populations in our Galaxy as well as about the classification of galaxy types and their main observables. In the core of the book, the construction and solution of chemical evolution models are discussed in detail, followed by descriptions and interpretations of observations of the chemical evolution of the Milky Way, spheroidal galaxies, irregular galaxies and of cosmic chemical evolution. The aim of this book is to provide an introduction to students as well as to amend our present ideas in research; the book also summarizes the efforts made by authors in the past several years in order to further future research in the field.
Author : M Terasawa,S Kubono,T Kishida,T Kajino,T Motobayashi,K Nomoto
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 604 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2004-12-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814482837
This is the proceedings of the International Symposium on Origin of Matter and Evolution of Galaxies which was held near Tokyo, Japan, in November 2003. The meeting brought together many scientists from vast fields — nuclear physics, particle physics, cosmic-ray physics, cosmology, astronomy, geophysics, and others — to promote discussion and collaboration. The proceedings have been selected for coverage in: • Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings® (ISTP® / ISI Proceedings) • Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings) • CC Proceedings — Engineering & Physical Sciences Contents:Big Bang Cosmology and Primordial NucleosynthesisObservations: X-Rays, Cosmic Rays and Meteoritic AnomaliesWeak Interaction, Neutrinos, Dark MatterEvolution and Nucleosynthesis in Stars, and Cross Sections — Hydro Static BurningNuclear Data and Nuclear PhysicsNovae, Supernovae, and Explosive Nucleosynthesis, GRB Models and Nuclearphysics ParametersNuclear Equation of State and Neutron StarsStellar Abundance, Galactic Chemical Evolution and Nucleo-Cosmochronology Readership: Undergraduates, graduate students and researchers in nuclear physics, astrophysics, astronomy, cosmology, accelerator physics and experimental physics. Keywords:Accelerator Physics;Experimental Physics;Astrophysics;Astronomy;Cosmology;Geophysics;High Energy Physics;Theoretical Physics;Nuclear Physics
Author : Jean Audouze,Cesare Chiosi
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 558 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Cosmochemistry
ISBN : UCSC:32106017243095
Author : Francesca Matteucci
Publisher : Springer
Page : 226 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2012-01-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 364222492X
The term “chemical evolution of galaxies” refers to the evolution of abundances of chemical species in galaxies, which is due to nuclear processes occurring in stars and to gas flows into and out of galaxies. This book deals with the chemical evolution of galaxies of all morphological types (ellipticals, spirals and irregulars) and stresses the importance of the star formation histories in determining the properties of stellar populations in different galaxies. The topic is approached in a didactical and logical manner via galaxy evolution models which are compared with observational results obtained in the last two decades: The reader is given an introduction to the concept of chemical abundances and learns about the main stellar populations in our Galaxy as well as about the classification of galaxy types and their main observables. In the core of the book, the construction and solution of chemical evolution models are discussed in detail, followed by descriptions and interpretations of observations of the chemical evolution of the Milky Way, spheroidal galaxies, irregular galaxies and of cosmic chemical evolution. The aim of this book is to provide an introduction to students as well as to amend our present ideas in research; the book also summarizes the efforts made by authors in the past several years in order to further future research in the field.
Author : Francesca Matteucci,Franco Giovannelli
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 605 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401009386
This review of the most up-to-date observational and theoretical information concerning the chemical evolution of the Milky Way compares the abundances derived from field stars and clusters, giving information on the abundances and dynamics of gas.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 603 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789812388247
International Symposium on Origin of Matter and Evolution of Galaxies 2003, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan, Nov. 17-19, 2003; 8th meeting.
Author : M. Terasawa
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 612 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : 9812702733
This is the proceedings of the International Symposium on Origin of Matter and Evolution of Galaxies which was held near Tokyo, Japan, in November 2003. The meeting brought together many scientists from vast fields OCo nuclear physics, particle physics, cosmic-ray physics, cosmology, astronomy, geophysics, and others OCo to promote discussion and collaboration. The proceedings have been selected for coverage in: . OCo Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings- (ISTP- / ISI Proceedings). OCo Index to Scientific & Technical Proceedings (ISTP CDROM version / ISI Proceedings). OCo CC Proceedings OCo Engineering & Physical Sciences."
Author : International Astronomical Union. Symposium,J.W. Truran
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2002-03-31
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1402004486
The IAU Symposium papers collected in this volume address virtually all aspects of the problem of nucleosynthesis, galactic chemical evolution, and cosmic chemical evolution. Discussions on theoretical models as well as observational studies are included. Theoretical models of nucleosynthesis in the Big Bang, in the first stellar generations, and in stars and supernovae over the histories of our Galaxy and other galaxies provide a measure of element production over the lifetime of the Universe. Observational studies of abundances in stars, galaxies, gas concentrations in galaxies and clusters of galaxies, the intergalactic medium, and gas clouds at high redshift are reviewed.
Author : Roger John Tayler
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1993-03-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521367107
Galaxies are large systems of stars, some of which contain interstellar gas and dust. They also contain much invisible matter, which may be in the form of weakly interacting elementary particles. In this introductory textbook, the first chapter introduces the study of galaxies. This is followed by two chapters on observations of galaxies, including our own. There are then three chapters on galactic structure: the manner in which motions of stars determine galactic shape, the determination of galactic masses, and the structure of discs in spirals. Galactic evolution, especially changes in chemical composition over time, is covered. The book concludes with a discussion of the origin of galaxies and their relation to more general questions in cosmology. The book includes mathematical presentation where this enables the discussion to be quantitative.
Author : Enrique Macia-Barber
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 402 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2019-11-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780429555688
Here is a fascinating reader-friendly exploration of “the phosphorus enigma.” The volume attempts to answer the questions: How did phosphorus atoms, which are produced inside the inner cores of a handful of huge stars, become concentrated in relatively high proportions in the organisms composing Earth’s biosphere? And how did these phosphate derivatives manage to be included in such a great variety of organic molecules playing essential biochemical roles in all known life forms? Due to the interdisciplinary nature of the topic, the volume is arranged in three sections. The first section introduces the fundamental concepts and notions of physics, chemistry, and biology necessary for the proper understanding of the topics discussed within an astronomical framework. The author then focuses on the role of phosphorus and its compounds within the context of chemical evolution in galaxies, considering its relevance in most essential biochemical functions as well as its peculiar chemistry under different physicochemical conditions. The third section provides an overall perspective on the role of phosphorus and its compounds in current areas of research of solid state physics, materials engineering, nanotechnology or medicine.
Author : C. Chiosi,Alvio Renzini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 393 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400963481
x about a sequence of reVlew lectures, each followed by contributed talks and discussions. The opening session was devoted to reviewing the most recent results concerning the determination of chemical abundances in particularly inte resting objects providing direct evidence for stellar nucleosynthesis (like planetary nebulae, supernovae and supernova remnants). In Session 2 recent results on some relevant nuclear reaction rates have been presented. Session 3 grouped the contributions concerning the quasi-static evolution of normal stars, its relevance for the nucleosynthesis of the varlOUS elements and isotopes, and the comparison of the evolutionary models with the observations. Session 4 addressed the important questions of identifying the precursors of both Type I and Type II supernovae, and of determining the detailed composition of the ejecta by explosive nucleosynthesis associated with these events. Finally, Session 5 was devoted to a presentation of recent calculations of the evolution of hypothetical pre-galactic very massive objects (in cluding their potential role in pre-galactic nucleosynthesis), and to reviewing the progress that has been made in understanding the chemical evolution of galaxies. The discussion during and after talks was spirited and contributed signi ficantly to the succes of the workshop. We regrett for not having been able of reporting it "in toto" in the proceedings. Nevertheless, we hope that what has been recorded may still give to the reader at least part of the excitement we have experienced during the ten days of the workshop.
Author : David Arnett
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 624 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1996-03-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 0691011478
This book investigates the question of how matter has evolved since its origin in the Big Bang, from the cosmological synthesis of hydrogen and helium to the generation of the complex set of nuclei that comprise our world and our selves. A central theme is the evolution of gravitationally contained thermonuclear reactors, otherwise known as stars. Our current understanding is presented systematically and quantitatively, by combining simple analytic models with new state-of-the-art computer simulations. The narrative begins with the clues (primarily the solar system abundance pattern), the constraining physics (primarily nuclear and particle physics), and the thermonuclear burning in the Big Bang itself. It continues with a step-by-step description of how stars evolve by nuclear reactions, a critical investigation of supernova explosion mechanisms and the formation of neutron stars and of black holes, and an analysis of how such explosions appear to astronomers (illustrated by comparison with recent observations). It concludes with a synthesis of these ideas for galactic evolution, with implications for nucleosynthesis in the first generation of stars and for the solar system abundance pattern. Emphasis is given to questions that remain open, and to active research areas that bridge the disciplines of astronomy, cosmochemistry, physics, and planetary and space science. Extensive references are given.