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Offshore Wind in the European Union by Katelijn van Hende Pdf
As part of the climate and energy package adopted in 2009, the European Union has committed to a 20% share of renewable energy in EUè^--s gross final consumption of energy by 2020, and it has become clear that offshore wind farms offer one of the most promising means of achieving this goal. Although the technology has been well developed and proven feasible, and offshore wind has already become a significant resource in several Member States, challenges to the development of an integrated EU legal framework for offshore wind and grid interconnections remain, among them the lack of coordinated offshore planning, differences in permitting and licensing procedures, and conflict in the use of sea space.
OffshoreGrid by dena,EWEA,ForWind,IEO,NTUA,Senergy,SINTEF Pdf
Summary: The OffshoreGrid project proves the financial benefits of building a meshed European grid offshore and outlines two cost efficient designs. Contents: Offshore grids, connecting North and Baltic Sea wind farms and electricity consumers, can be built substantially cheaper than expected. Building “hub connections” at sea instead of using cables to connect single wind farms individually to the shore will result in lower investment costs of 14 billion Euros. Additionally if these hub connections would be combined with an even more interconnected “meshed grid”, the necessary additional costs of 7 billion Euros would be compensated by 16 to 21 billion Euros of additional benefits over 25 years of grid operation.
Author : Anton Ming-Zhi Gao,Chien-Te Fan Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V. Page : 296 pages File Size : 41,8 Mb Release : 2016-04-24 Category : Law ISBN : 9789041183989
The Development of a Comprehensive Legal Framework for the Promotion of Offshore Wind Power by Anton Ming-Zhi Gao,Chien-Te Fan Pdf
There is clearly an urgent need worldwide to increase the share of renewable energy in the overall energy supply as rapidly as possible. With a well-developed and proven feasible technology, offshore wind power has come to the fore as the most promising means of achieving this goal. However, fragmented authorities and procedures may pose tremendous challenges to the development of an integrated legal framework for offshore wind and the complex installation and grid interconnections it requires. This book surveys and analyses the features essential for the development of such a framework, drawing on the experience of ten countries that have such schemes in place – France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Italy, Norway, the United States, Australia, China, Korea, and Taiwan. Discussing the impact of technological, economic, spatial, and market issues on the legal framework, eleven key policymakers in their respective countries contribute chapters that together reveal the contours of a strong and sound legal framework that serves to enable and facilitate the efficient application of policy initiatives and subsidies. Topics and issues raised and examined include the ways a sound legal framework addresses the following aspects of offshore wind power development: - license schemes; - construction of turbines; - infrastructure of grid, construction harbor, and vessels; - environmental health and safety regulations; and - loan and finance risk. The contributors show that a carefully planned mix of incentives and supplementary schemes is indispensable. The essays are drawn on the presentations and papers offered at the International Conference on a Comprehensive Legal Framework for the Development of Offshore Wind Power Around the World held in Taiwan in August 2016. As a major new contribution to the debate on the importance of a legal framework for offshore wind power and grid interconnections, this book will prove indispensable to lawyers, policymakers, officials, and academics concerned with the management of sea space to include the wind power necessary to achieve and sustain renewable energy goals.
Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords. European Union Committee
Author : Great Britain. Parliament. House of Lords. European Union Committee Publisher : The Stationery Office Page : 280 pages File Size : 43,6 Mb Release : 2008 Category : Nature ISBN : 0104013664
The Political Economy of the European Union by Gert Tinggaard Svendsen Pdf
The Political Economy of Integration in the European Union has gained a well-deserved reputation as the key textbook in the area of European studies, economics and politics. This new and fully revised edition comprehensively surveys recent changes - such as the deepening and widening of European integration through eastward expansion and the Maastricht and Amsterdam Treaties - whilst continuing to offer a thorough overview of integration. The core material has been revised to ensure the best possible grounding in the political economy of the EU. Jeffrey Harrop presents an accessible account of European integration, including: * free trade, the customs union and the internal market * agriculture and fisheries * industrial and technological policies * regional and social problems and policies * monetary integration * fiscal policy: taxation and the EU budget * world-wide trading links * an in-depth discussion of EU enlargement, including the proposed integration of Central and East European countries * an assessment of energy, transport and environment policies * an overall view of the progress and possible future of the European Union. The book has been widely adopted for both specialist courses in economics as well as interdisciplinary courses in European studies. Teachers who are already using the book or who would like to consider it are invited to send for a 60-day examination copy of the third edition.
The European Union and the Technology Shift by Antonina Bakardjieva Engelbrekt,Karin Leijon,Anna Michalski,Lars Oxelheim Pdf
This book explores the multiple challenges that the global technology shift is posing to the EU. It raises the question of how European societies will mobilize the positive effects of the rapid technological advancement in digitalization, robotization, and artificial intelligence, while mitigating the negative consequences in terms of job losses, cybercrime, and social and political polarization. From the vantage point of experts from economics, law, and political science, this book provides insights into the role that the EU is and ought to be playing in regulating global platform companies, addressing taxation in the digital economy, mitigating job displacements on the labour market, and tackling ethical concerns of artificial intelligence and the prospect of digital democracy. All chapters are based on up-to-date research findings, succinct assessment of the current state of affairs and ongoing debates. They conclude with policy recommendations for policy makers on European and national levels. ‘This volume has a solid foundation in the highly topical question of technological change. More importantly, the individual chapters are written by qualified scholars whose analytically advanced contributions are likely to interest a wide audience. I can strongly recommend this book for scholars and students in political science, law, and economics.’ —Carl Fredrik Bergström, Professor of European Law, Uppsala University, Sweden ‘When the Commission took office in 2019, it put forward its vision as to how Europe’s digital future could be ‘shaped’ in a way that makes the digital transition enrich people’s lives and make sure that European businesses fully benefit from the opportunities offered by digital technologies. Then COVID drastically accelerated the take up of digital solutions. As the digital transformation affects every single one of us it is important that we have the widest possible debate on its inherent risks and opportunities. This is why I warmly recommend this book. It brings together an inter-disciplinary set of scholars able to analyse the multifaceted implications of the technological shift. And I could not agree more with the book’s main takeaway, i.e. that we need to create an adaptive regulatory framework capable of harnessing the positive effects of technological changes while buttressing the negative impact on European society and citizens.’ —Ambassador Kim Jørgensen, Head of Cabinet to Commissioner and Executive Vice-President Margrethe Vestager, European Commission
Offshore Wind Farms: Technologies, Design and Operation provides the latest information on offshore wind energy, one of Europe's most promising and quickly maturing industries, and a potentially huge untapped renewable energy source which could contribute significantly towards EU 20-20-20 renewable energy generation targets. It has been estimated that by 2030 Europe could have 150GW of offshore wind energy capacity, meeting 14% of our power demand. Offshore Wind Farms: Technologies, Design and Operation provides a comprehensive overview of the emerging technologies, design, and operation of offshore wind farms. Part One introduces offshore wind energy as well as offshore wind turbine siting with expert analysis of economics, wind resources, and remote sensing technologies. The second section provides an overview of offshore wind turbine materials and design, while part three outlines the integration of wind farms into power grids with insights to cabling and energy storage. The final section of the book details the installation and operation of offshore wind farms with chapters on condition monitoring and health and safety, amongst others. Provides an in-depth, multi-contributor, comprehensive overview of offshore technologies, including design, monitoring, and operation Edited by respected and leading experts in the field, with experience in both academia and industry Covers a highly relevant and important topic given the great potential of offshore wind power in contributing significantly to EU 20-20-20 renewable energy targets.
