Oil Crises Of The 1970s And The Transformation Of International Order

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Oil Crises of the 1970s and the Transformation of International Order

Shigeru Akita
Oil Crises of the 1970s and the Transformation of International Order Book PDF

Author : Shigeru Akita
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Globalization
ISBN : 1350416096

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Oil Crises of the 1970s and the Transformation of International Order by Shigeru Akita Pdf

The 1970s are widely seen as a turning point for the world economy and a transformative decade for the international order. This volume explores the role played by the oil crises in this transformation, focusing particularly on their impact in previously little-studied regions such as Asia and Africa. Examining the intersection between the oil crises and the Third World project, their impact on Asian economic development and the contrasting responses of two African countries, this collection covers new ground on the global and regional effects of the crises, and ties them into the key transformations of the international economy and the Cold War order. Arguing that they were instrumental in reshaping the Asian economies, helping to instigate the boom known as the 'East Asian Miracle', it also demonstrates how the individual responses of countries reflected their own specific circumstances. With chapters from leading scholars such as David Painter and Dane Kennedy, this book shows how the origins, course and consequences of the oil crises of the 1970s are crucial to understanding the transformation of the international order in the late twentieth century.

Oil Crises of the 1970s and the Transformation of International Order

Shigeru Akita
Oil Crises of the 1970s and the Transformation of International Order Book PDF

Author : Shigeru Akita
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2023-12-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9781350413825

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Oil Crises of the 1970s and the Transformation of International Order by Shigeru Akita Pdf

The 1970s are widely seen as a turning point for the world economy and a transformative decade for the international order. This volume explores the role played by the oil crises in this transformation, focusing particularly on their impact in previously little-studied regions such as Asia and Africa. Examining the intersection between the oil crises and the Third World project, their impact on Asian economic development and the contrasting responses of two African countries, this collection covers new ground on the global and regional effects of the crises, and ties them into the key transformations of the international economy and the Cold War order. Arguing that they were instrumental in reshaping the Asian economies, helping to instigate the boom known as the 'East Asian Miracle', it also demonstrates how the individual responses of countries reflected their own specific circumstances. With chapters from leading scholars such as David Painter and Dane Kennedy, this book shows how the origins, course and consequences of the oil crises of the 1970s are crucial to understanding the transformation of the international order in the late twentieth century.

The oil crisis in the 1970s and its consequences for the world economy

David Wieblitz,Filipo Comazzi
The oil crisis in the 1970s and its consequences for the world economy Book PDF

Author : David Wieblitz,Filipo Comazzi
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 22 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2006-07-23
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783638525756

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The oil crisis in the 1970s and its consequences for the world economy by David Wieblitz,Filipo Comazzi Pdf

Essay from the year 2004 in the subject Business economics - Economic and Social History, grade: 2,0, Turku School of Economics (Department of economics), course: Economic History and Development, language: English, abstract: Nowadays oil is still the world’s most important single source of energy. The world’s industry is influenced by the cost of energy which, in turn, is influenced by the price of crude oil, taxation and other factors. If the cost of energy goes up, then prices of goods and services will increase, subsequently it will cause lower availability of products, higher transportation’s costs and in turn lower economic growth. The latter will influence negatively the efficiency and productivity of the whole world’s industry. This means that if oil prices go too high or too low there will be unlikely consequences for both oil producers and oil consumers. This paper analyzes the oil crisis of 1970ies. The first section concerns the history of the October War (6 – 23 October 1973) that led to the oil embargo, one of the most dramatic events for the world economy. The embargo lasted six months, beginning on 17 October 1973 and ending on 18 March 1974. The second section deals with the impact of the energy crisis on different countries. It caused terrible consequences for the economies of all industrialized countries such as recession, inflation, unemployment, lost economic growth and stagflation. But the essential question is whether the energy crisis was a real shortage or mainly a matter of politics.

The Shock of the Global

Niall Ferguson,Erez Manela,Daniel J. Sargent
The Shock of the Global Book PDF

Author : Niall Ferguson,Erez Manela,Daniel J. Sargent
Publisher : Belknap Press
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780674061866

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The Shock of the Global by Niall Ferguson,Erez Manela,Daniel J. Sargent Pdf

This title examines the large-scale structural upheaval of the 1970s by transcending the standard frameworks of national borders and superpower relations. It reveals an international system in the throes of enduring transformations.

Panic at the Pump

Meg Jacobs
Panic at the Pump Book PDF

Author : Meg Jacobs
Publisher : Macmillan + ORM
Page : 401 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2016-04-19
Category : History
ISBN : 9780374714895

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Panic at the Pump by Meg Jacobs Pdf

An authoritative history of the energy crises of the 1970s and the world they wrought In 1973, the Arab OPEC cartel banned the export of oil to the United States, sending prices and tempers rising across the country. Dark Christmas trees, lowered thermostats, empty gas tanks, and the new fifty-five-mile-per-hour speed limit all suggested that America was a nation in decline. “Don’t be fuelish” became the national motto. Though the embargo would end the following year, it introduced a new kind of insecurity into American life—an insecurity that would only intensify when the Iranian Revolution led to new shortages at the end of the decade. As Meg Jacobs shows, the oil crisis had a decisive impact on American politics. If Vietnam and Watergate taught us that our government lied, the energy crisis taught us that our government didn’t work. Presidents Nixon, Ford, and Carter promoted ambitious energy policies that were meant to rally the nation and end its dependence on foreign oil, but their efforts came to naught. The Democratic Party was divided, with older New Deal liberals who prized access to affordable energy squaring off against young environmentalists who pushed for conservation. Meanwhile, conservative Republicans argued that there would be no shortages at all if the government got out of the way and let the market work. The result was a political stalemate and panic across the country: miles-long gas lines, Big Oil conspiracy theories, even violent strikes by truckers. Jacobs concludes that the energy crisis of the 1970s became, for many Americans, an object lesson in the limitations of governmental power. Washington proved unable to design an effective national energy policy, and the result was a mounting skepticism about government intervention that set the stage for the rise of Reaganism. She offers lively portraits of key figures, from Nixon and Carter to the zealous energy czar William Simon and the young Donald Rumsfeld and Dick Cheney. Jacobs’s absorbing chronicle ends with the 1991 Gulf War, when President George H. W. Bush sent troops to protect the free flow of oil in the Persian Gulf. It was a failure of domestic policy at home that helped precipitate military action abroad. As we face the repercussions of a changing climate, a volatile oil market, and continued turmoil in the Middle East, Panic at the Pump is a necessary and lively account of a formative period in American political history.

Oil Shock

Elisabetta Bini,Giuliano Garavini,Federico Romero
Oil Shock Book PDF

Author : Elisabetta Bini,Giuliano Garavini,Federico Romero
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2016-05-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780857727558

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Oil Shock by Elisabetta Bini,Giuliano Garavini,Federico Romero Pdf

The 1973 'Oil Shock' is considered a turning point in the history of the twentieth century. At the time it seemed to mark a definitive shift from the era of low priced oil to the era of expensive oil. For most Western industrialized countries, it became the symbolic marker of the end of an era. For many oil producers, it translated into an unprecedented control over their energy resources, and completed the process of decolonization, leading to a profound redefinition of international relations.This book provides an analysis of the crisis and its global political and economic impact. It features contributions from a range of perspectives and approaches, including political, economic, environmental, international and social history. The authors examine the origins of what was defined as an 'oil revolution' by the oil-producing countries, as well as the far-reaching effects of the 'shock' on the Cold War and decolonization, on international energy markets and the global economy. In doing so, they help place the event in its historical context as a key moment in the transformation of the international economy and of North-South relations.

Panic at the Pump

Meg Jacobs
Panic at the Pump Book PDF

Author : Meg Jacobs
Publisher : Hill and Wang
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2017-03-13
Category : History
ISBN : 0809075075

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Panic at the Pump by Meg Jacobs Pdf

An authoritative history of the energy crises of the 1970s and the world they wrought In 1973, the Arab OPEC cartel banned the export of oil to the United States, sending prices and tempers rising across the country. Dark Christmas trees, lowered thermostats, empty gas tanks, and the new fifty-five-mile-per-hour speed limit all suggested that America was a nation in decline. “Don’t be fuelish” became the national motto. Though the embargo would end the following year, it introduced a new kind of insecurity into American life—an insecurity that would only intensify when the Iranian Revolution led to new shortages at the end of the decade. As Meg Jacobs shows, the oil crisis had a decisive impact on American politics. If Vietnam and Watergate taught us that our government lied, the energy crisis taught us that our government didn’t work. Presidents Nixon, Ford, and Carter promoted ambitious energy policies that were meant to rally the nation and end its dependence on foreign oil, but their efforts came to naught. The Democratic Party was divided, with older New Deal liberals who prized access to affordable energy squaring off against young environmentalists who pushed for conservation. Meanwhile, conservative Republicans argued that there would be no shortages at all if the government got out of the way and let the market work. The result was a political stalemate and panic across the country: miles-long gas lines, Big Oil conspiracy theories, even violent strikes by truckers. Jacobs concludes that the energy crisis of the 1970s became, for many Americans, an object lesson in the limitations of governmental power. Washington proved unable to design an effective national energy policy, and the result was a mounting skepticism about government intervention that set the stage for the rise of Reaganism. She offers lively portraits of key figures, from Nixon and Carter to the zealous energy czar William Simon and the young Donald Rumsfeld and Dick Cheney. Jacobs’s absorbing chronicle ends with the 1991 Gulf War, when President George H. W. Bush sent troops to protect the free flow of oil in the Persian Gulf. It was a failure of domestic policy at home that helped precipitate military action abroad. As we face the repercussions of a changing climate, a volatile oil market, and continued turmoil in the Middle East, Panic at the Pump is a necessary and lively account of a formative period in American political history.

Declining Democracy in East-Central Europe

Attila Ágh
Declining Democracy in East Central Europe Book PDF

Author : Attila Ágh
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 315 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Democracy
ISBN : 9781788974738

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Declining Democracy in East-Central Europe by Attila Ágh Pdf

The dramatic decline of democracy in East-Central Europe has attracted great interest world-wide. Going beyond the narrow spectrum of the extensive literature on this topic, this book offers a comprehensive analysis of ECE region – Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia – from systemic change in 1989 to 2019 to explain the reasons of the collapse of ECE democratic systems in the 2010s.

The Great Inflation

Michael D. Bordo,Athanasios Orphanides
The Great Inflation Book PDF

Author : Michael D. Bordo,Athanasios Orphanides
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 545 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2013-06-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780226066950

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The Great Inflation by Michael D. Bordo,Athanasios Orphanides Pdf

Controlling inflation is among the most important objectives of economic policy. By maintaining price stability, policy makers are able to reduce uncertainty, improve price-monitoring mechanisms, and facilitate more efficient planning and allocation of resources, thereby raising productivity. This volume focuses on understanding the causes of the Great Inflation of the 1970s and ’80s, which saw rising inflation in many nations, and which propelled interest rates across the developing world into the double digits. In the decades since, the immediate cause of the period’s rise in inflation has been the subject of considerable debate. Among the areas of contention are the role of monetary policy in driving inflation and the implications this had both for policy design and for evaluating the performance of those who set the policy. Here, contributors map monetary policy from the 1960s to the present, shedding light on the ways in which the lessons of the Great Inflation were absorbed and applied to today’s global and increasingly complex economic environment.

The Global 1970s

Duco Hellema
The Global 1970s Book PDF

Author : Duco Hellema
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2018-09-03
Category : History
ISBN : 9780429874710

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The Global 1970s by Duco Hellema Pdf

No other decade evokes such contradictory images as the 1970s: reform and emancipation on the one hand, crisis and malaise on the other. In The Global 1970s: Radicalism, Reform, and Crisis, Duco Hellema portrays the 1970s as a period of global transition. Across the world, the early and mid-1970s were still years of political mobilization with everything seemingly an object of public controversy and conflict, including economic development, education, and family matters. Social movements called for the reduction of social inequalities, for participation, and the emancipation of various groups at the same time as the rise of ambitious and reform-oriented governments. Ten years later, a different world was emerging with the call for state-controlled social and economic changes in decline and new economic policies centred on liberation and deregulation taking their place. This book examines a range of explanations for this radical transformation, highlighting how economic problems, such as the oil crisis, political battles and dramatic confrontations resulted in a free-market-oriented conservatism by the end of the period. Divided into nine broadly chronological chapters and taking a global approach that allows the reader to see the familiar themes of the decade examined on an international scale, The Global 1970s is essential reading for all students and scholars of twentieth-century global history.

Creating "Greater Malaysia"

Tai Yong Tan
Creating Greater Malaysia Book PDF

Author : Tai Yong Tan
Publisher : Institute of Southeast Asian Studies
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789812307477

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Creating "Greater Malaysia" by Tai Yong Tan Pdf

Malaysia came into existence on 9/16/63 as a federation of Malaya, Singapore, Sabah (North Borneo), and Sarawak; in 1965 Singapore withdrew from the federation. Offers an in-depth and detailed analysis of the political processes that led to formation of the Federation of Malaysia in 1963. It argues that the Malaysia that came into being following the amalgamation of Malaya, Singapore, Sarawak and North Borneo was a political creation whose only rationale was that it served a convergence of political and economic expediency for the departing colonial power, the Malayan leadership and the ruling party of self-governing Singapore. 'Greater Malaysia' was thus an artificial political entity, the outcome of a concatenation of interests and motives of a number of political actors in London and Southeast Asia from the 1950s to the early 1960s. This led to a number of unresolved compromises between Singapore and Kuala Lumpur and did not obviate the possibility of future difficulties, and the seeds of dissension sown by the disagreements between the two governments were to sprout into major crises during Singapore's brief history in the Federation of Malaysia.

A Superpower Transformed

Daniel J. Sargent
A Superpower Transformed Book PDF

Author : Daniel J. Sargent
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 457 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : History
ISBN : 9780195395471

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A Superpower Transformed by Daniel J. Sargent Pdf

Geopolitics and globalization collided in the 1970s, and their collision produced difficult challenges for the makers of American foreign policy. 'A Superpower Transformed' explains how policymakers across three administrations worked to manage complex international changes in a tumultuous era, and it explores the legacies of their efforts to accommodate American power to new forces stirring in world affairs.

Poland and European East-West Cooperation in the 1970s

Aleksandra Komornicka
Poland and European East West Cooperation in the 1970s Book PDF

Author : Aleksandra Komornicka
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 238 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2023-09-22
Category : History
ISBN : 9781000963229

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Poland and European East-West Cooperation in the 1970s by Aleksandra Komornicka Pdf

This book offers an international reading of the Polish socialist regime’s history in the 1970s, and its opening up to the West. It bridges Poland’s socialist domestic history with critical developments of the global and European 1970s, including détente in the Cold War, western European integration, and globalisation. In this period of international transformations, socialist Poland under Edward Gierek's leadership multiplied its economic and political contacts with capitalist countries, especially western Europe, and became a leader of East-West cooperation among Council for Mutual Economic Assistance and Warsaw Pact members. Relying on sources from public and corporate archives in five different European states, the book demonstrates both that the global political and economic transformations of that period were critical for the decision-making process in Poland and, moreover, that the national socialist elites participated in shaping these transformations. By looking at the goals and expectations of the Polish socialist elites and their practices of political and economic exchanges with western Europe, the book explains the logic which drove the socialist regime into entanglement with the West. As is shown here, this entanglement proved inextricable and critical for the socialist regime's failure and Poland’s political and economic future. This book will be of much interest to students of European history, cold war studies, socialism studies and International Relations.

A Superpower Transformed

Daniel J. Sargent
A Superpower Transformed Book PDF

Author : Daniel J. Sargent
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 457 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : History
ISBN : 9780190672164

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A Superpower Transformed by Daniel J. Sargent Pdf

During the 1970s, American foreign policy faced a predicament of clashing imperatives-US decision makers, already struggling to maintain stability and devise strategic frameworks to guide the exercise of American power during the Cold War, found themselves hampered by the emergence of dilemmas that would come to a head in the post-Cold War era. Their choices proved to be of enormous consequence for the development of American foreign policy in the final decades of the twentieth century and beyond. In A Superpower Transformed, Daniel J. Sargent chronicles how policymakers across three administrations worked to manage complex international changes in a tumultuous era. Drawing on many newly-released archival documents and interviews with key figures, including President Jimmy Carter and Dr. Zbigniew Brzezinski, Sargent explores the collision of geopolitics and globalization that defined the decade. From the Nixon administration's efforts to stabilize a faltering Pax Americana; to Henry Kissinger's attempts to devise new strategies to manage or mitigate the consequences of economic globalization after the oil crisis of 1973-74; to the Carter administration's embrace of human rights promotion as a central task for foreign policy, Sargent explores the challenges that afflicted US policymakers in the 1970s, offering new insights into the complexities that emerged as the new forces of globalization and human rights transformed the United States as a superpower. A sweeping reinterpretation of a pivotal era, A Superpower Transformed is a must-read for anyone interested in U.S. foreign relations, American politics, globalization, economic policy, human rights, and contemporary American history.

The Oil Crisis

Fiona Venn
The Oil Crisis Book PDF

Author : Fiona Venn
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2016-07-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781317883999

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The Oil Crisis by Fiona Venn Pdf

In October 1973 two crises – one economic, one political – intersected, with dramatic and long term consequences for international relations. On 6 October, Egypt and Syria launched an attack on Israel, and within a few days the major Arab oil producers announced their support by use of the ‘oil weapon’, including a boycott of supplies for countries friendly to Israel and a programme of production cuts. This was followed by the unilateral declaration of a steep increase in the price of oil by the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). The result was international panic and world recession. Crude oil prices soared by a massive fourfold in just three months. The West's vulnerability had been exposed: it was being held hostage to oil. Yet, despite efforts to address this dependence on oil imports in following years, the 1979 Iranian Revolution triggered a further upward surge in prices. Today, the importance of oil remains at the forefront of the West's foreign policy calculations in the Middle East. In this fascinating and timely new look at the oil crisis, Fiona Venn examines these issues and the more unexpected effects of the crisis. She asks just how much really changed in the economic balance of power. Most importantly she argues that OPEC was used as a scapegoat for the world recession, which had been already underway when the crisis detonated.