Oil Spills

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Deep Oil Spills

Steven A. Murawski,Cameron H. Ainsworth,Sherryl Gilbert,David J. Hollander,Claire B. Paris,Michael Schlüter,Dana L. Wetzel
Deep Oil Spills Book PDF

Author : Steven A. Murawski,Cameron H. Ainsworth,Sherryl Gilbert,David J. Hollander,Claire B. Paris,Michael Schlüter,Dana L. Wetzel
Publisher : Springer
Page : 611 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2019-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030116057

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Deep Oil Spills by Steven A. Murawski,Cameron H. Ainsworth,Sherryl Gilbert,David J. Hollander,Claire B. Paris,Michael Schlüter,Dana L. Wetzel Pdf

The demand for oil and gas has brought exploration and production to unprecedented depths of the world’s oceans. Currently, over 50% of the oil from the Gulf of Mexico now comes from waters in excess of 1,500 meters (one mile) deep, where no oil was produced just 20 years ago. The Deepwater Horizon oil spill blowout did much to change the perception of oil spills as coming just from tanker accidents, train derailments, and pipeline ruptures. In fact, beginning with the Ixtoc 1 spill off Campeche, Mexico in 1979-1980, there have been a series of large spill events originating at the sea bottom and creating a myriad of new environmental and well control challenges. This volume explores the physics, chemistry, sub-surface oil deposition and environmental impacts of deep oil spills. Key lessons learned from the responses to previous deep spills, as well as unresolved scientific questions for additional research are highlighted, all of which are appropriate for governmental regulators, politicians, industry decision-makers, first responders, researchers and students wanting an incisive overview of issues surrounding deep-water oil and gas production.

Oil Spill!

Read,Melvin Berger
Oil Spill Book PDF

Author : Read,Melvin Berger
Publisher : Houghton Mifflin School
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2006-01-01
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 0395779138

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Oil Spill! by Read,Melvin Berger Pdf

Explains why oil spills occur and how they are cleaned up and suggests strategies for preventing them in the future.

Handbook of Oil Spill Science and Technology

Merv Fingas
Handbook of Oil Spill Science and Technology Book PDF

Author : Merv Fingas
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 641 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2015-02-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780470455517

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Handbook of Oil Spill Science and Technology by Merv Fingas Pdf

Provides a scientific basis for the cleanup and for the assessment of oil spills Enables Non-scientific officers to understand the science they use on a daily basis Multi-disciplinary approach covering fields as diverse as biology, microbiology, chemistry, physics, oceanography and toxicology Covers the science of oil spills from risk analysis to cleanup and through the effects on the environment Includes case studies examining and analyzing spills, such as Tasman Spirit oil spill on the Karachi Coast, and provides lessons to prevent these in the future

Oil Spills

Laurence Pringle
Oil Spills Book PDF

Author : Laurence Pringle
Publisher : HarperCollins
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1993-05-19
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 0688098614

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Oil Spills by Laurence Pringle Pdf

Describes petroleum and its uses, examines the harmful effects of oil spills, and discusses how such environmental disasters can be cleaned up or prevented.

Oil in the Sea III

National Research Council,Transportation Research Board,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Marine Board,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Oil in the Sea: Inputs, Fates, and Effects
Oil in the Sea III Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Transportation Research Board,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Marine Board,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Oil in the Sea: Inputs, Fates, and Effects
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2003-03-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309084383

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Oil in the Sea III by National Research Council,Transportation Research Board,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Marine Board,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Oil in the Sea: Inputs, Fates, and Effects Pdf

Since the early 1970s, experts have recognized that petroleum pollutants were being discharged in marine waters worldwide, from oil spills, vessel operations, and land-based sources. Public attention to oil spills has forced improvements. Still, a considerable amount of oil is discharged yearly into sensitive coastal environments. Oil in the Sea provides the best available estimate of oil pollutant discharge into marine waters, including an evaluation of the methods for assessing petroleum load and a discussion about the concerns these loads represent. Featuring close-up looks at the Exxon Valdez spill and other notable events, the book identifies important research questions and makes recommendations for better analysis ofâ€"and more effective measures againstâ€"pollutant discharge. The book discusses: Inputâ€"where the discharges come from, including the role of two-stroke engines used on recreational craft. Behavior or fateâ€"how oil is affected by processes such as evaporation as it moves through the marine environment. Effectsâ€"what we know about the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on marine organisms and ecosystems. Providing a needed update on a problem of international importance, this book will be of interest to energy policy makers, industry officials and managers, engineers and researchers, and advocates for the marine environment.

Oil Spills

Adam Clifton
Oil Spills Book PDF

Author : Adam Clifton
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Oil spills
ISBN : 1633215156

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Oil Spills by Adam Clifton Pdf

Petroleum perhaps is one of the most important substances in the modern society due to its wide use in the most diverse productive sectors. Besides serving as raw material to the production of plastics and other compounds, it is the fuel source used in the production of electric energy, in industries and in different transport sectors. However, the ecosystems located in areas of extractions, processing and distribution of petroleum end up being highly susceptible to the direct and indirect impacts of these activities, as well as those located in their transport route. As the large extraction fields are located in coastal areas, these environments are, generally, the most affected, although other ecosystems also suffer influence of petroleum activities. Oil spills and leakages provoke immediate effects into the environment, easily viewed by the generalized mortality of animals and consequent ecosystems losses, but also provoke more persistent effects, such as alteration of the animals behaviour and permanence of compounds derived from petroleum in the food webs. Accidents with petroleum are unpredictable and the resources needed to minimize their impacts, often, are not liable to an immediate application. This book discusses different prevention methods as well as environmental and ecological impacts oil spills have.

Intentional Oil Pollution at Sea

Ronald Bruce Mitchell
Intentional Oil Pollution at Sea Book PDF

Author : Ronald Bruce Mitchell
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 388 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Law
ISBN : 0262133032

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Intentional Oil Pollution at Sea by Ronald Bruce Mitchell Pdf

A detailed case study of how international environmental treaties can be made more effective. Combining theoretical analysis with a rigorous empirical evaluation of changes in the compliance process over time, the book identifies policies that have increased compliance by governments and the oil transportation industry with discharge restrictions, equipment requirements, enforcement, and reporting. How do environmental treaties influence international behavior? Deliberate discharges from oil tankers have traditionally been the biggest source of oil pollution from ships, greater than much-publicized accidental spills. Although an international treaty governs how tankers must dispose of oil, compliance has been a problem. Intentional Oil Pollution at Sea is a detailed case study of how international environmental treaties can be made more effective. Combining theoretical analysis with a rigorous empirical evaluation of changes in the compliance process over time, it identifies policies that have increased compliance by governments and the oil transportation industry with discharge restrictions, equipment requirements, enforcement, and reporting. Ronald Mitchell introduces the debate over environmental treaty compliance, compliance theory, and a history of intentional oil pollution. He then uses a wealth of data to study efforts to change government and industry behavior in reporting on treaty performance, enforcing rules, and complying with equipment and discharge standards. He closes with theoretical conclusions drawn from the empirical analysis regarding the sources of effective treaty compliance as well as prescriptions for policymakers about how to negotiate more effective future environmental agreements. Global Environmental Accords series

Assessing Environmental Risk of Oil Spills with ERA Acute

Cathrine Stephansen,Anders Bjørgesæter,Odd Willy Brude,Ute Brönner,Tonje Waterloo Rogstad,Grethe Kjeilen-Eilertsen,Jean-Marie Libre,Christian Collin-Hansen
Assessing Environmental Risk of Oil Spills with ERA Acute Book PDF

Author : Cathrine Stephansen,Anders Bjørgesæter,Odd Willy Brude,Ute Brönner,Tonje Waterloo Rogstad,Grethe Kjeilen-Eilertsen,Jean-Marie Libre,Christian Collin-Hansen
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 119 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2021-05-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030701765

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Assessing Environmental Risk of Oil Spills with ERA Acute by Cathrine Stephansen,Anders Bjørgesæter,Odd Willy Brude,Ute Brönner,Tonje Waterloo Rogstad,Grethe Kjeilen-Eilertsen,Jean-Marie Libre,Christian Collin-Hansen Pdf

This open access book introduces readers to a new methodology for assessing the risks to the marine environment following accidental oil spills. The methodology will soon be implemented on the Norwegian Continental Shelf and will be complemented by guidelines for its use in a regulatory framework. The brief book is intended to provide international readers with a basic grasp of what the ERA Acute methodology consists of, what its applications are, and the underlying impact and restoration models used in its development. The content is divided into three main parts: an introduction and overview of risk management applications for generalists at the management level, a model overview for generalist scientists, and a more detailed final section for risk assessment professionals, which presents the results of the validation and sensitivity testing.

Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment

National Research Council,Transportation Research Board,Marine Board,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment
Responding to Oil Spills in the U S Arctic Marine Environment Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Transportation Research Board,Marine Board,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2014-08-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309298896

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Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment by National Research Council,Transportation Research Board,Marine Board,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Polar Research Board,Ocean Studies Board,Committee on Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment Pdf

U.S. Arctic waters north of the Bering Strait and west of the Canadian border encompass a vast area that is usually ice covered for much of the year, but is increasingly experiencing longer periods and larger areas of open water due to climate change. Sparsely inhabited with a wide variety of ecosystems found nowhere else, this region is vulnerable to damage from human activities. As oil and gas, shipping, and tourism activities increase, the possibilities of an oil spill also increase. How can we best prepare to respond to such an event in this challenging environment? Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment reviews the current state of the science regarding oil spill response and environmental assessment in the Arctic region north of the Bering Strait, with emphasis on the potential impacts in U.S. waters. This report describes the unique ecosystems and environment of the Arctic and makes recommendations to provide an effective response effort in these challenging conditions. According to Responding to Oil Spills in the U.S. Arctic Marine Environment, a full range of proven oil spill response technologies is needed in order to minimize the impacts on people and sensitive ecosystems. This report identifies key oil spill research priorities, critical data and monitoring needs, mitigation strategies, and important operational and logistical issues. The Arctic acts as an integrating, regulating, and mediating component of the physical, atmospheric and cryospheric systems that govern life on Earth. Not only does the Arctic serve as regulator of many of the Earth's large-scale systems and processes, but it is also an area where choices made have substantial impact on life and choices everywhere on planet Earth. This report's recommendations will assist environmentalists, industry, state and local policymakers, and anyone interested in the future of this special region to preserve and protect it from damaging oil spills.

Oil Spills and Gas Leaks: Environmental Response, Prevention and Cost Recovery

Stephen M. Testa,James A. Jacobs
Oil Spills and Gas Leaks Environmental Response Prevention and Cost Recovery Book PDF

Author : Stephen M. Testa,James A. Jacobs
Publisher : McGraw Hill Professional
Page : 593 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2013-02-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780071772907

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Oil Spills and Gas Leaks: Environmental Response, Prevention and Cost Recovery by Stephen M. Testa,James A. Jacobs Pdf

The definitive guide to petroleum hydrocarbon fuel spill and leak causes, prevention, response, and cost recovery Oil Spills and Gas Leaks highlights the complex nature of petroleum hydrocarbon fuel extraction methods, the unintended consequences when disasters occur, spill behavior, and environmental impact mitigation. This practical resource discusses engineering techniques; long-term biological and environmental effects; dealing with insurance claims, litigation, and legislation in overlapping jurisdictions; and much more. Featuring global case studies and best practices, this timely volume provides an in-depth understanding of how oil spills and gas leaks occur and describes the most effective environmental assessment, remediation, and restoration options available to respond to these industrial accidents. Coverage includes: The role of petroleum hydrocarbon fuels in society Geology and geochemistry of oil and gas deposits Oil and gas well drilling and production issues Hydraulic fracturing for shale gas and oil Behavior of oil spills in various environments Behavior of gas leaks in various environments Assessment of spills and leaks Toxicity issues and exposure pathways Subsurface investigations Sampling strategies and remedial approaches Sampling methods on land and offshore Prevention, oversight, and mitigation Remediation of oil spills Case histories and cost recovery Oil spills and wildlife Oil spills and safety issues Conclusions and recommendations

Oil Spills First Principles

B. Ornitz†,M. Champ
Oil Spills First Principles Book PDF

Author : B. Ornitz†,M. Champ
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 678 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2002-06-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080537960

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Oil Spills First Principles by B. Ornitz†,M. Champ Pdf

Marine oil spills are no longer considered unavoidable "accidents" resulting from adverse environmental conditions or functions of catastrophic events. More than 80% of all spills are the result of "human error". The focus of the current legal, regulatory, and convention framework affecting the transportation of oil by ship reflects a recent change in public attitude, in which there is an insistence upon protection of the world¿s marine environments, particularly coastal ecosystems. The outcome of such global attention is the creation of significant legal and political motivators for a cultural shift by the oil shipping industry, from an "evasion culture" to a "safety culture". The new safety culture connotes continuous improvement in ship operations and a willingness to adopt the evolving concepts of communication at all levels, better trained and qualified personnel on board ship, emphasis of safety from top down, and proactive institution of safety management systems. Mere compliance with international and national laws is no longer sufficient for future sustainable shipping. These changes and advancements in understanding the science and engineering of oil spills are the focus of this book on Oil Spills First Principles. They are Prevention, based upon adoption of the safety culture, and Best Response, utilizing scientific, technical and environmental data and information. Over the past 30 years, billions of US dollars have been spent in R&D planning, response and clean up of oil spills. All of these efforts have focused on achieving Best Response. The concept of time periods of "Technology Windows-of-Opportunity" for a given response and clean up technology has developed from the leadership and wisdom of researchers and responders from many nations using modeling of the weathering of spilled oil and technology effectiveness. The Windows-of-Opportunity strategy provides a scientific basis for policy and decision-making in oil spill planning, response, and training. A global paradigm shift is needed to more effectively utilize and expedite the application of lessons learned in both prevention and clean up. Recognition of economic, political, and legal benefits accruing from environmental protection is good for business and critical for sustainable shipping.

Scenarios and Responses to Future Deep Oil Spills

Steven A. Murawski,Cameron H. Ainsworth,Sherryl Gilbert,David J. Hollander,Claire B. Paris,Michael Schlüter,Dana L. Wetzel
Scenarios and Responses to Future Deep Oil Spills Book PDF

Author : Steven A. Murawski,Cameron H. Ainsworth,Sherryl Gilbert,David J. Hollander,Claire B. Paris,Michael Schlüter,Dana L. Wetzel
Publisher : Springer
Page : 542 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2019-07-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030129637

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Scenarios and Responses to Future Deep Oil Spills by Steven A. Murawski,Cameron H. Ainsworth,Sherryl Gilbert,David J. Hollander,Claire B. Paris,Michael Schlüter,Dana L. Wetzel Pdf

It has often been said that generals prepare for the next war by re-fighting the last. The Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill was unlike any previous – an underwater well blowout 1,500 meters deep. Much has been learned in the wake of DWH and these lessons should in turn be applied to both similar oil spill scenarios and those arising from “frontier” explorations by the marine oil industry. The next deep oil well blowout may be at 3,000 meters or even deeper. This volume summarizes regional (Gulf of Mexico) and global megatrends in marine oil exploration and production. Research in a number of key areas including the behavior of oil and gas under extreme pressure, impacts on biological resources of the deep sea, and the fate of oil and gas released in spills is synthesized. A number of deep oil spills are simulated with detailed computer models, and the likely effects of the spills and potential mitigation measures used to combat them are compared. Recommended changes in policies governing marine oil exploration and development are proposed, as well as additional research to close critical and emerging knowledge gaps. This volume synthesizes state-of-the-art research in deep oil spill behavior and response. It is thus relevant for government and industry oil spill responders, policy formulators and implementers, and academics and students desiring an in-depth and balanced overview of key issues and uncertainties surrounding the quest for deep oil and potential impacts on the environment.

The Basics of Oil Spill Cleanup

Merv Fingas
The Basics of Oil Spill Cleanup Book PDF

Author : Merv Fingas
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2002-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781420032598

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The Basics of Oil Spill Cleanup by Merv Fingas Pdf

Constant media attention on oil spills has created global awareness of their risks and the damage they do. Often under-reported is the average cost of the cleanup - often as high as $200 per liter of oil spilled. Oil is a necessity in today's industrial society, and since our dependence on it is not likely to and any time soon, we will continue to

Oil Spill Environmental Forensics

Zhendi Wang,Scott Stout
Oil Spill Environmental Forensics Book PDF

Author : Zhendi Wang,Scott Stout
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 620 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2010-07-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 0080467733

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Oil Spill Environmental Forensics by Zhendi Wang,Scott Stout Pdf

Oil Spill Environmental Forensics provides a complete view of the various forensic techniques used to identify the source of an oil spill into the environment. The forensic procedures described within represent various methods from scientists throughout the world. The authors explore which analytical and interpretative techniques are best suited for a particular oil spill project. This handy reference also explores the use of these techniques in actual environmental oil spills. Famous incidents discussed include the Exxon Valdez incident in 1989 and the Guanabara Bay, Brazil 2000. The authors chronicle both the successes and failures of the techniques used for each of these events. Dr. Zhendi Wang is a senior research scientist and Head of Oil Spill Research of Environment Canada, working in the oil and toxic chemical spill research field. He has authored over 270 academic publications and won a number of national and international scientific honors and awards. Dr. Wang is a member of American Chemical Society (ACS), the Canadian Society for Chemistry (CSC), and the International Society of Environmental Forensics (ISEF). International experts show readers the forensic techniques used in oil spill investigations Provides the theoretical basis and practical applications for investigative techniques Contains numerous case studies demonstrating proven technique

Oil Spill Occurrence, Simulation, and Behavior

M.R. Riazi
Oil Spill Occurrence Simulation and Behavior Book PDF

Author : M.R. Riazi
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2021-03-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780429778148

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Oil Spill Occurrence, Simulation, and Behavior by M.R. Riazi Pdf

Oil Spill Occurrence, Simulation, and Behavior provides practical insight into oil spills and their causes, impacts, response and cleanup methods, simple and advanced modeling of oil spill behavior, and oil spill simulation techniques. Discusses various sources of oil spills and major accidents Includes case studies on the 2010 Gulf of Mexico oil spill, including environmental, economic, and political impacts, modeling and behavior as well as response and cleanup methods Introduces some commercial softwares on predicting oil movement and spreading on water Describes properties and characteristics of crude oil and its products needed for simulation and prediction of behavior of an oil slick Written as an applied book with minimal math and theory, making it accessible to a wide range of readers The book includes more than 100 unique and informative images in color This essential book is aimed at professionals, academics, and scientists in the fields of chemical engineering, petroleum engineering, environmental engineering, marine and ocean engineering working on the simulation and modeling, mitigation, and prevention of oil spills.