On The Anisotropic Plastic Behaviour Of Short Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastics And Its Description By Phenomenological Material Modelling
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On the anisotropic plastic behaviour of short fibre reinforced thermoplastics and its description by phenomenological material modelling by Felix Dillenberger Pdf
A requirement for the safe design of thermoplastic parts is the ability to precisely predict mechanical behaviour by finite element simulations. Typical examples include the engineering of relevant components in automotive applications. For this purpose adequate material models are essential. In this context, the present work introduces a material modelling approach for short fibre reinforced thermoplastics (SFRTPs). SFRTP parts are processed cost-effectively by injection moulding and show a varying degree of anisotropy due to the locally inhomogeneous fibre distributions that arise during the moulding process. The presented material model considers linear-elastic behaviour and non-linear orthotropic stress-state dependent viscoplastic deformation for arbitrary fibre distributions. The constitutive equations are verified with the experiments of a PPGF30 material regarding different stress-states and orientations.
Short Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastics by M. J. Folkes Pdf
Good,No Highlights,No Markup,all pages are intact, Slight Shelfwear,may have the corners slightly dented, may have slight color changes/slightly damaged spine.
Mechanical Properties of Reinforced Thermoplastics by D.W. Clegg,A.A. Collyer Pdf
The reinforcement of materials such as mud and clay by hair, straw and vegetable fibres has been long established in man's history, enabling him to improve his buildings and extend his engineering abilities. With the advent of modern synthetic polymers it was rapidly realised that the addition of fibres, flakes and particulate materials to polymer matrices could improve mechanical properties significantly. Fibres and flakes are the most effective and have enabled several polymers with limited properties to compete with long-established metallic materials, reSUlting in cost, weight and processing economies. This is increasingly apparent in the selection of materials for aerospace and road vehicle applications as well as in a multitude of domestic products. Reinforced plastics, both thermosets and thermoplastics, are used in increasingly harsh environments involving elevated temperatures and aggressive conditions. Fibre reinforcement of thermoplastics dominates, and a pattern of increasing replacement of fibre reinforced thermosets by reinforced thermoplastics is emerging. This trend is encouraged by the development of continuous fibre reinforced grades of the newer high-temperature engineering thermoplastics such as polyether ether ketone. The first part of this book reviews the mechanical properties and theories of short fibre reinforcement. The principal reinforcements are reviewed and a separate chapter is devoted to the uses of natural fibres as reinforcements for thermoplastics. This is an interesting and commercially important area, especially for Third World countries v vi Preface where these fibres are grown but are facing severe competition from synthetic fibres in traditional applications such as ropes and matting.
Multi-scale Simulation of Composite Materials by Stefan Diebels,Sergej Rjasanow Pdf
Due to their high stiffness and strength and their good processing properties short fibre reinforced thermoplastics are well-established construction materials. Up to now, simulation of engineering parts consisting of short fibre reinforced thermoplastics has often been based on macroscopic phenomenological models, but deformations, damage and failure of composite materials strongly depend on their microstructure. The typical modes of failure of short fibre thermoplastics enriched with glass fibres are matrix failure, rupture of fibres and delamination, and pure macroscopic consideration is not sufficient to predict those effects. The typical predictive phenomenological models are complex and only available for very special failures. A quantitative prediction on how failure will change depending on the content and orientation of the fibres is generally not possible, and the direct involvement of the above effects in a numerical simulation requires multi-scale modelling. One the one hand, this makes it possible to take into account the properties of the matrix material and the fibre material, the microstructure of the composite in terms of fibre content, fibre orientation and shape as well as the properties of the interface between fibres and matrix. On the other hand, the multi-scale approach links these local properties to the global behaviour and forms the basis for the dimensioning and design of engineering components. Furthermore, multi-scale numerical simulations are required to allow efficient solution of the models when investigating three-dimensional problems of dimensioning engineering parts. Bringing together mathematical modelling, materials mechanics, numerical methods and experimental engineering, this book provides a unique overview of multi-scale modelling approaches, multi-scale simulations and experimental investigations of short fibre reinforced thermoplastics. The first chapters focus on two principal subjects: the mathematical and mechanical models governing composite properties and damage description. The subsequent chapters present numerical algorithms based on the Finite Element Method and the Boundary Element Method, both of which make explicit use of the composite’s microstructure. Further, the results of the numerical simulations are shown and compared to experimental results. Lastly, the book investigates deformation and failure of composite materials experimentally, explaining the applied methods and presenting the results for different volume fractions of fibres. This book is a valuable resource for applied mathematics, theoretical and experimental mechanical engineers as well as engineers in industry dealing with modelling and simulation of short fibre reinforced composites.
This report covers semi and non-crystalline thermoplastics, polymer blends and various classes of reinforcing fibres, and the properties which determine their suitability for specific applications. A detailed discussion of the injection moulding of reinforced thermoplastics includes the effect of processing on fibre distribution and breakage. An additional indexed section containing several hundred abstracts from the Rapra Polymer Library database provides useful references for further reading.
A Two-Dimensional Piezoresistivity Model for Anisotropic Materials and its Application in Self-Sensing of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics by Patrick Scholle Pdf
This thesis works on the topic of fiber-reinforced plastics and discusses the measurement of strain with embedded sensors. Embedding sensors into a structure fundamentally poses challenges arising from the differences in mechanical properties of sensor and structure. This thesis works on the research area of Self-Sensing, where these challenges are overcome by using carbon fibers for both load-carrying and strain-sensing functions. Starting with a literature review, this thesis proposes three research hypotheses, which are targeted to describe the Self-Sensing properties of unidirectional carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRPs) for strain measurements. These hypotheses assume, that the electric anisotropy of the material results in a complex voltage distribution within a Self-Sensing specimen. In order to discuss this point further, a two-dimensional piezoresistivity model based on the Laplace equation is introduced. The developed model newly allows to quantify the electric potential changes in specimens with arbitrary geometrical dimensions and electric anisotropy. Furthermore, this thesis discusses a set of experimental results on the piezoresistive properties of unidirectional CFRP made with the pultrusion process. Overall, the results of the experiments indicate that the most repeatable results are obtained for specimens with electric contacts at their cut-end. This approach allows to manufacture Self-Strain-Sensing rods with a gauge factor of approximately 1.9 that can be used in a multifunctional manner for both load-carrying and strain-sensing purposes. Furthermore, a novel measurement setup is developed, which allows to acquire the electric potential distribution on the surface of electrical conductors with very high spacial resolution. This experimental setup newly reveals that the current flow in specimens can be more complex than assumed in a two-dimensional model.
Polypropylene Handbook by József Karger-Kocsis,Tamás Bárány Pdf
This book extensively reviews Polypropylene (PP), the second most widely produced thermoplastic material, having been produced for over 60 years. Its synthesis, processing and application are still accompanied by vigorous R&D developments because the properties of PP are at the borderline between those of commodity and engineering thermoplastics. Readers are introduced to various tacticities and polymorphs of PP, and their effects on structural properties. Further, the book addresses the control of optical properties using nucleants, provides strategies for overcoming the limited cold/impact resistance of PP, examines in detail the effects of recycling, and presents guidelines for the property modification of PPs through foaming, filling and reinforcing with respect to target applications. Special attention is paid to descriptions and models of properties as a function of morphological variables. Last but not least, the book suggests potential practical applications of PP-based systems, especially in the packaging, appliances, building/construction, textile and automotive sectors. Each chapter, written by internationally respected scientists, reflects the current state-of-art in the respective field and offers a vital source of information for students, researchers and engineers interested in the morphology, properties, testing and modeling of PP and PP-based systems. The content is indispensable to the appropriate application of PPs and related composites.
Fiber-dependent injection molding simulation of discontinuous reinforced polymers by Wittemann, Florian Pdf
This work presents novel simulation techniques for injection molding of fiber reinforced polymers. These include approaches for anisotropic flow modeling, hydrodynamic forces from fluid on fibers, contact forces between fibers, a novel fiber breakage modeling approach and anisotropic warpage analysis. Due to the coupling of fiber breakage and anisotropic flow modeling, the fiber breakage directly influences the modeled cavity pressure, which is validated with experimental data.
Science and Engineering of Short Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites by Shao-yun Fu,Bernd Lauke,Y.-W. Mai Pdf
Science and Engineering of Short Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites, Second Edition, provides the latest information on the ‘short fiber reinforced composites' (SFRP) that have found extensive applications in automobiles, business machines, durable consumer items, sporting goods and electrical industries due to their low cost, easy processing and superior mechanical properties over parent polymers. This updated edition presents new developments in this field of research and includes new chapters on electrical conductivity, structural monitoring, functional properties, self-healing, finite element method techniques, multi-scale SFRCs, and both modern computational and process engineering methods. Reviews the mechanical properties and functions of short fiber reinforced polymer composites (SFRP) Examines recent developments in the fundamental mechanisms of SFRP's Assesses major factors affecting mechanical performance, such as stress transfer and strength Includes new chapters on electrical conductivity, structural monitoring, functional properties, self-healing, finite element method techniques, multi-scale SFRCs, modern computational methods, and process engineering methods
Impact Behaviour of Fibre-Reinforced Composite Materials and Structures by S. R. Reid,G Zhou Pdf
This study covers impact response, damage tolerance and failure of fibre-reinforced composite materials and structures. Materials development, analysis and prediction of structural behaviour and cost-effective design all have a bearing on the impact response of composites and this book brings together for the first time the most comprehensive and up-to-date research work from leading international experts. State of the art analysis of impact response, damage tolerance and failure of FRC materials Distinguished contributors provide expert analysis of the most recent materials and structures Valuable tool for R&D engineers, materials scientists and designers
Science and Engineering of Short Fibre Reinforced Polymer Composites by S-Y Fu,B Lauke,Y.-W. Mai Pdf
When fibres in a composite are discontinuous and are shorter than a few millimetres, the composite is called a ‘short fibre reinforced composite (SFRP)’. SFRPs have found extensive applications in automobiles, business machines, durable consumer items, sporting goods and electrical industries owing to their low cost, easy processing and superior mechanical properties over the parent polymers. The book summarises recent developments in this area, focusing on the fundamental mechanisms that govern the mechanical properties including strength, modulus, fracture toughness and thermal properties of SFRP materials. This book covers the following topics: extrusion compounding and injection moulding, major factors affecting mechanical performance, stress transfer, strength, elastic modulus flexural modulus, thermal conductivity and expansion, non-linear stress-strain behaviour and fracture mechanics of short fibre reinforced polymers. With its distinguished team of authors, Science and engineering of short fibre reinforced polymer composites is a standard reference for anyone involved in the development, manufacture and use of SFRPs. It will also provide an in-depth understanding of the behaviour of these versatile materials. Reviews the mechanical properties and functions of short fibre reinforced polymer composites (SFRP) Examines recent developments in the fundamental mechanisms of SFRP's Assesses major factors affecting mechanical performance such as stress transfer and strength
Guide to Short Fiber Reinforced Plastics by Roger F. Jones,Mitchell R. Jones,Donald V. Rosato Pdf
Providing concise, basic information on the selection, use, and processing of short fiber reinforced thermoplastics and thermoset materials, this book examines the principle characteristics of these materials and their strengths and weaknesses in practical terms for design engineers.
