Open Issues In Core Collapse Supernova Theory

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Open Issues in Core Collapse Supernova Theory

Author : Anthony Mezzacappa,George Michael Fuller
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 475 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789812703446

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Open Issues in Core Collapse Supernova Theory by Anthony Mezzacappa,George Michael Fuller Pdf

Efforts to uncover the explosion mechanism of core collapse supernovae and to understand all of their associated phenomena have been ongoing for nearly four decades. Despite this, our theoretical understanding of these cosmic events remains limited; two- and three-dimensional modeling of these events is in its infancy. Most of the modeling efforts over the past four decades have, by necessity, been constrained to spherical symmetry, with the first two-dimensional, albeit simplified, models appearing only during the last decade. Simulations to understand the complex interplay between the turbulent stellar core fluid flow, its magnetic fields, the neutrinos produced in and emanating from the proto-neutron star, the stellar core rotation, and the strong gravitational fields have yet to be performed. Only subsets of these fundamental ingredients have been included in the models thus far, often with approximation. The purpose of this volume is to identify the outstanding issues that remain in order to come to a complete understanding of these important astrophysical events. As the book focuses on open issues rather than the current state of the art in the field OCo although the latter will certainly be discussed OCo it will remain relevant for some time."

Open Issues in Core Collapse Supernova Theory

Author : Anthony Mezzacappa,George Michael Fuller
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 478 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789812563149

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Open Issues in Core Collapse Supernova Theory by Anthony Mezzacappa,George Michael Fuller Pdf

Efforts to uncover the explosion mechanism of core collapse supernovae and to understand all of their associated phenomena have been ongoing for nearly four decades. Despite this, our theoretical understanding of these cosmic events remains limited; two- and three-dimensional modeling of these events is in its infancy. Most of the modeling efforts over the past four decades have, by necessity, been constrained to spherical symmetry, with the first two-dimensional, albeit simplified, models appearing only during the last decade. Simulations to understand the complex interplay between the turbulent stellar core fluid flow, its magnetic fields, the neutrinos produced in and emanating from the proto-neutron star, the stellar core rotation, and the strong gravitational fields have yet to be performed. Only subsets of these fundamental ingredients have been included in the models thus far, often with approximation.The purpose of this volume is to identify the outstanding issues that remain in order to come to a complete understanding of these important astrophysical events. As the book focuses on open issues rather than the current state of the art in the field ? although the latter will certainly be discussed ? it will remain relevant for some time.

Convection in Astrophysics (IAU S239)

Author : International Astronomical Union. Symposium
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2007-06-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 052186349X

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Convection in Astrophysics (IAU S239) by International Astronomical Union. Symposium Pdf

Convection is ubiquitous throughout the Universe, and during the last three decades it has become the largest factor of uncertainty in theoretical models of stars and in the interpretation of observations on the basis of such models. Recently, numerical simulations of convection have dramatically improved in their potential to take into account both the large scale properties of the flow itself and the microphysical properties of the fluid. Observations have become accurate enough to provide stringent tests for both numerical simulations and models of convection. IAU S239 was held to further understanding of convection, bringing together leading researchers in solar and stellar physics, the physics of planets, and of accretion disks. With reviews, research contributions, and detailed recordings of plenary discussions, this book is a valuable resource for professional astronomers and graduate students interested in the interdisciplinary study of one of the key physical processes in astrophysics.

Computational Methods in Transport

Author : Frank Graziani
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 539 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2006-02-17
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540281252

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Computational Methods in Transport by Frank Graziani Pdf

Thereexistawiderangeofapplicationswhereasigni?cantfractionofthe- mentum and energy present in a physical problem is carried by the transport of particles. Depending on the speci?capplication, the particles involved may be photons, neutrons, neutrinos, or charged particles. Regardless of which phenomena is being described, at the heart of each application is the fact that a Boltzmann like transport equation has to be solved. The complexity, and hence expense, involved in solving the transport problem can be understood by realizing that the general solution to the 3D Boltzmann transport equation is in fact really seven dimensional: 3 spatial coordinates, 2 angles, 1 time, and 1 for speed or energy. Low-order appro- mations to the transport equation are frequently used due in part to physical justi?cation but many in cases, simply because a solution to the full tra- port problem is too computationally expensive. An example is the di?usion equation, which e?ectively drops the two angles in phase space by assuming that a linear representation in angle is adequate. Another approximation is the grey approximation, which drops the energy variable by averaging over it. If the grey approximation is applied to the di?usion equation, the expense of solving what amounts to the simplest possible description of transport is roughly equal to the cost of implicit computational ?uid dynamics. It is clear therefore, that for those application areas needing some form of transport, fast, accurate and robust transport algorithms can lead to an increase in overall code performance and a decrease in time to solution.

Rare Isotopes and Fundamental Symmetries

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06-28
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789814468121

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Rare Isotopes and Fundamental Symmetries by Anonim Pdf

Opportunities with Exotic Beams

Author : Thomas Duguet
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789812708250

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Opportunities with Exotic Beams by Thomas Duguet Pdf

This volume explores, explains, and supports the case for an advanced exotic beam facility from a theoretical perspective. The US nuclear physics community and the US Department of Energy are committed to building such a facility. The topics covered constitute a survey of present activities in nuclear theory that will set the challenges for an advanced exotic-beam facility and provide the starting point for interpreting experiments that will be conducted there. The research programs described are all at the forefront of nuclear theory, and they include research on the detailed structures of the lightest nuclei, systematic descriptions of all observed nuclei, nuclear tests of fundamental symmetries of nature, the explosion mechanisms of supernovae, and astrophysical synthesis of the heavy elements, as well as several other topics.

Oxygen in the Solar System

Author : Glenn J. MacPherson
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 620 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2018-12-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781501508509

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Oxygen in the Solar System by Glenn J. MacPherson Pdf

Volume 68 of Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry reviews Oxygen in the Solar System, an element that is so critically important in so many ways to planetary science. The book is based on three open workshops: Oxygen in the Terrestrial Planets, held in Santa Fe, NM July 20-23, 2004; Oxygen in Asteroids and Meteorites, held in Flagstaff, AZ June 2-3, 2005; and Oxygen in Earliest Solar System Materials and Processes (and including the outer planets and comets), held in Gatlinburg, TN September 19-22, 2005. As a consequence of the cross-cutting approach, the final book spans a wide range of fields relating to oxygen, from the stellar nucleosynthesis of oxygen, to its occurrence in the interstellar medium, to the oxidation and isotopic record preserved in 4.56 Ga grains formed at the Solar System's birth, to its abundance and speciation in planets large and small, to its role in the petrologic and physical evolution of the terrestrial planets. Contents: Introduction Oxygen isotopes in the early Solar System - A historical perspective Abundance, notation, and fractionation of light stable isotopes Nucleosynthesis and chemical evolution of oxygen Oxygen in the interstellar medium Oxygen in the Sun Redox conditions in the solar nebula: observational, experimental, and theoretical constraints Oxygen isotopes of chondritic components Mass-independent oxygen isotope variation in the solar nebula Oxygen and other volatiles in the giant planets and their satellites Oxygen in comets and interplanetary dust particles Oxygen and asteroids Oxygen isotopes in asteroidal materials Oxygen isotopic composition and chemical correlations in meteorites and the terrestrial planets Record of low-temperature alteration in asteroids The oxygen cycle of the terrestrial planets: insights into the processing and history of oxygen in surface environments Redox conditions on small bodies, the Moon and Mars Terrestrial oxygen isotope variations and their implications for planetary lithospheres Basalts as probes of planetary interior redox state Rheological consequences of redox state

Computational Methods in Transport: Verification and Validation

Author : Frank Graziani
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2008-08-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540773627

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Computational Methods in Transport: Verification and Validation by Frank Graziani Pdf

The focus of this book deals with a cross cutting issue affecting all transport disciplines, whether it be photon, neutron, charged particle or neutrino transport. That is, verification and validation. In this book, we learn what the astrophysicist, atmospheric scientist, mathematician or nuclear engineer do to assess the accuracy of their code. What convergence studies, what error analysis, what problems do each field use to ascertain the accuracy of their transport simulations.

Stellar Collapse

Author : Chris L. Fryer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2004-04-30
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 1402019920

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Stellar Collapse by Chris L. Fryer Pdf

Supernovae, hypernovae and gamma-ray bursts are among the most energetic explosions in the universe. The light from these outbursts is, for a brief time, comparable to billions of stars and can outshine the host galaxy within which the explosions reside. Most of the heavy elements in the universe are formed within these energetic explosions. Surprisingly enough, the collapse of massive stars is the primary source of not just one, but all three of these explosions. As all of these explosions arise from stellar collapse, to understand one requires an understanding of the others. Stellar Collapse marks the first book to combine discussions of all three phenomena, focusing on the similarities and differences between them. Designed for graduate students and scientists newly entering this field, this book provides a review not only of these explosions, but the detailed physical models used to explain them from the numerical techniques used to model neutrino transport and gamma-ray transport to the detailed nuclear physics behind the evolution of the collapse to the observations that have led to these three classes of explosions.

Supernova Explosions

Author : David Branch,J. Craig Wheeler
Publisher : Springer
Page : 721 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2017-08-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662550540

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Supernova Explosions by David Branch,J. Craig Wheeler Pdf

Targeting advanced students of astronomy and physics, as well as astronomers and physicists contemplating research on supernovae or related fields, David Branch and J. Craig Wheeler offer a modern account of the nature, causes and consequences of supernovae, as well as of issues that remain to be resolved. Owing especially to (1) the appearance of supernova 1987A in the nearby Large Magellanic Cloud, (2) the spectacularly successful use of supernovae as distance indicators for cosmology, (3) the association of some supernovae with the enigmatic cosmic gamma-ray bursts, and (4) the discovery of a class of superluminous supernovae, the pace of supernova research has been increasing sharply. This monograph serves as a broad survey of modern supernova research and a guide to the current literature. The book’s emphasis is on the explosive phases of supernovae. Part 1 is devoted to a survey of the kinds of observations that inform us about supernovae, some basic interpretations of such data, and an overview of the evolution of stars that brings them to an explosive endpoint. Part 2 goes into more detail on core-collapse and superluminous events: which kinds of stars produce them, and how do they do it? Part 3 is concerned with the stellar progenitors and explosion mechanisms of thermonuclear (Type Ia) supernovae. Part 4 is about consequences of supernovae and some applications to astrophysics and cosmology. References are provided in sufficient number to help the reader enter the literature.

Origin of Matter and Evolution of Galaxies

Author : S. Kubono
Publisher : American Institute of Physics
Page : 556 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2006-07-19
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015069195553

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Origin of Matter and Evolution of Galaxies by S. Kubono Pdf

Tokyo, Japan, 8-11 November 2005

Supernovae, Neutron Star Physics and Nucleosynthesis

Author : Debades Bandyopadhyay,Kamales Kar
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 221 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2022-03-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030951719

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Supernovae, Neutron Star Physics and Nucleosynthesis by Debades Bandyopadhyay,Kamales Kar Pdf

This book deals with the interdisciplinary areas of nuclear physics, supernovae and neutron star physics. It addresses the physics and astrophysics of the spectacular supernova explosions, starting with the collapse of massive stars and ending with the birth of neutron stars or black holes. Recent progress in the understanding of core collapse supernova (CCSN) and observational aspects of future detections of neutrinos from CCSN explosions are discussed. The other main focus in this text is the novel phases of dense nuclear matter, its compositions and equation of state (EoS) from low to very high baryon density relevant to supernovae and neutron stars. The multi-messenger astrophysics of binary neutron star merger GW170817 and its relation to EoS through tidal deformability are also presented in detail. The synthesis of elements heavier than iron in the supernova and neutron star environment by the rapid (r)-process are treated here with special emphasis on the nucleosynthesis in the ejected material from GW170817. This monograph is written for graduate students and researchers in the field of nuclear astrophysics.

Radiation Hydrodynamics

Author : John I. Castor
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 369 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2004-09-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780521833097

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Radiation Hydrodynamics by John I. Castor Pdf

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Supernovae - Proceedings Of The 6th Jerusalem Winter School For Theoretical Physics

Author : Tsvi Piran,Steven Weinberg,J Craig Wheeler
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 1990-07-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789813201248

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Supernovae - Proceedings Of The 6th Jerusalem Winter School For Theoretical Physics by Tsvi Piran,Steven Weinberg,J Craig Wheeler Pdf

Supernovae are highly energetic phenomena for which it is necessary to use simultaneously particle physics, nuclear physics and hydrodynamics to study the creation of the strong explosions involved. Supernovae synthesize heavy elements and in some cases lead to the formation of neutron stars or black holes. Recent progress has revealed new classes of explosions, and new insights into the evolution and explosion mechanisms including that of the dramatic event SN 1987A in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Major questions still remain, concerning the evolution of massive stars in binary systems, the nature of gravitational collapse, and the physical processes involved in the thermonuclear explosion of degenerate stars. This School explores our current understanding of supernovae, and areas of active study.

Stellar Collapse

Author : Chris L. Fryer
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 406 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2004-04-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780306485992

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Stellar Collapse by Chris L. Fryer Pdf

Supernovae, hypernovae and gamma-ray bursts are among the most energetic explosions in the universe. The light from these outbursts is, for a brief time, comparable to billions of stars and can outshine the host galaxy within which the explosions reside. Most of the heavy elements in the universe are formed within these energetic explosions. Surprisingly enough, the collapse of massive stars is the primary source of not just one, but all three of these explosions. As all of these explosions arise from stellar collapse, to understand one requires an understanding of the others. Stellar Collapse marks the first book to combine discussions of all three phenomena, focusing on the similarities and differences between them. Designed for graduate students and scientists newly entering this field, this book provides a review not only of these explosions, but the detailed physical models used to explain them from the numerical techniques used to model neutrino transport and gamma-ray transport to the detailed nuclear physics behind the evolution of the collapse to the observations that have led to these three classes of explosions.