Operation Matador

Author : Ong Chit Chung
Publisher : Marshall Cavendish International Asia Pte Ltd
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2011-08-15
Category : Biography & Autobiography
ISBN : 9789814435444

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Operation Matador by Ong Chit Chung Pdf

When Singapore fell to the Japanese in February 1942, Churchill called it the “largest capitulation in British history.” Till today, the myth persists that this was due to the British forces’ being caught off-guard, with their guns facing the wrong direction—towards the sea. This book offers an alternative insight into why Malaya and Singapore were captured by the Japanese. The question of the landward defence of Singapore and Malaya was first raised as early as 1918, eventually taking the form of Operation Matador, the elaborate planning and preparations for which amply demonstrate that the British fully expected the Japanese to attack Singapore from the rear, and had formulated a plan to stop the Japanese at the Kra Isthmus. Yet, when the Japanese forces landed, they found Malaya and Singapore defended by an emasculated fleet, obsolescent aircraft, inadequate artillery and no tanks. The battle for Malaya and Singapore was lost even before the first shot was fired—in the corridors of power at Whitehall. Churchill’s half-hearted support for Operation Matador meant that Malaya was starved of the necessary reinforcements, and the commanders on the spot were expected to “make bricks without straw.” The question that remains: If implemented, might Operation Matador have stopped the Japanese?

Author : Chit Chung Ong
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Fortification
ISBN : 9971694522

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Operation Matador by Chit Chung Ong Pdf

Author : Jon Diamond
Publisher : Pen and Sword
Page : 331 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2015-05-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9781473854475

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The Fall of Malaya and Singapore by Jon Diamond Pdf

“This photo essay produces a very effective picture of the defeat of British forces in Malaya and Singapore by the Japanese . . . Highly recommended.”—Firetrench In just 10 weeks from 8 December 1941 to mid-February 1942, British and Imperial forces were utterly defeated by the numerically inferior Japanese under General Yamashita. British units fought hard on the Malayan mainland, but the Japanese showed greater mobility, cunning and tactical superiority. Morale was badly affected by the loss of HMS Prince of Wales and Repulse to Japanese aircraft on 19 December as they sought out enemy shipping. Panic set in as military and civilians withdrew south to Singapore. Thought to be an impregnable fortress, its defenses against land attacks were shockingly deficient. General Percival’s leadership was at best uninspired and at worst incompetent. Once the Allied troops withdrew to Singapore it was only a matter of time before surrender became inevitable. To make matters worse reinforcements arrived but only in time to be made POWs. The whole catastrophe is brilliantly described in this highly illustrated book. “The powerful story of a tragedy illustrated with many previously unpublished photographs, this is a highly enlightening text on the Forgotten War.”—The Bulletin of The Military Historical Society “Contains an interesting set of well captioned archive photos showing a period that was among the darkest days for the British Commonwealth during WW2.”—Military Modelling

Author : Allen Louis
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2013-11-05
Category : History
ISBN : 9781135194253

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Singapore 1941-1942 by Allen Louis Pdf

Winston Churchill described the loss of Singapore as the greatest disaster ever to befall British arms. Louis Allen analyzes the remote political causes of the Japanese campaign, gives an account of the events of the campaign, and then attempts to apportion responsibility for the defeat.

Author : Karl Hack,Kevin Blackburn
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2003-11-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9781134396375

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Did Singapore Have to Fall? by Karl Hack,Kevin Blackburn Pdf

First time all the factors concerning the Fall of Singapore have been examined in one place Churchill's controversial role in the surrender is also examined

Author : Michael Smith
Publisher : Arcade Publishing
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : History
ISBN : 155970568X

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The Emperor's Codes by Michael Smith Pdf

Describes the work and personalities of the codebreakers who deciphered Japanese codes despite vast linguistic differences between English and Japanese, and explains their contributions to Allied success during World War II.

Author : Kaushik Roy
Publisher : Indiana University Press
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2019-11-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780253044228

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Battle for Malaya by Kaushik Roy Pdf

The defeat of 90,000 Commonwealth soldiers by 50,000 Japanese soldiers made the World War II Battle for Malaya an important encounter for both political and military reasons. British military prestige was shattered, fanning the fires of nationalism in Asia, especially in India. Japan's successful tactics in Malaya—rapid marches, wide outflanking movement along difficult terrain, nocturnal attacks, and roadblocks—would be repeated in Burma in 1942–43. Until the Allied command evolved adequate countermeasures, Japanese soldiers remained supreme in the field. Looking beyond the failures of command, Kaushik Roy focuses on tactics of the ground battle that unfolded in Malaya between December 1941 and February 1942. His analysis includes the organization of the Indian Army—the largest portion of Commonwealth troops—and compares it to the British and Australian armies that fought side by side with Indian soldiers. Utilizing both official war office records and unofficial memoirs, autobiographies, and oral histories, Roy presents a synthesis of history from the top with history from below and provides a thick narrative of operations interwoven with tactical analysis of the Battle for Malaya.

Author : Dr. Nicholas J. Schlosser
Publisher : Pickle Partners Publishing
Page : 83 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2014-08-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781782896838

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U.S. Marines In Battle: Al-Qaim, September 2005-March 2006 [Illustrated Edition] by Dr. Nicholas J. Schlosser Pdf

Includes more than 30 photos, maps and plans This study examines a counterinsurgency campaign conducted during the Iraq War between the fall of 2005 and spring of 2006 in the district of al-Qaim on the Syrian border. In many ways, the struggle to clear and hold the district marked a turning point for the U.S. Marines fighting to bring security and stability to al-Anbar Province. The tactics and procedures utilized by the Marines of Regimental Combat Team 2 as well as its numerous supporting units served as a model for future operations in 2006 and 2007. The Iraq War began in 2003 with a lightning quick assault by Coalition forces that toppled Saddam Hussein’s Ba’athist regime within a matter of weeks. During the months immediately following the overthrow of the old regime, a lack of adequate security forces and indecision among policy makers rapidly led to a collapse of order and stability. By the summer a broad insurgency conducted by former regime loyalists, criminals, and Islamic fundamentalist fighters had broken out against the U.S. occupation of the country. The U.S.’ initial goal of creating an independent, democratic government was superseded by the more basic and pressing need to establish a secure and stable Iraqi state. The lack of a unified approach to U.S. strategy in Iraq meant that it often fell to the commanders of smaller units (brigades, regiments, and battalions) to devise an effective means for defeating the insurgency in their particular areas of responsibility. It was in this type of operating environment that the commander of Regimental Combat Team 2, Colonel Stephen W. Davis, and one of his battalion commanders, Lieutenant Colonel Julian D. Alford of 3d Battalion, 6th Marines, undertook a concerted campaign to clear and secure al-Qaim District in western Iraq.

Author : Harry Fecitt
Publisher : Vij Books India Pvt Ltd
Page : 588 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2019-10-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9789388161787

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Distant Battlefields by Harry Fecitt Pdf

"World War II was a traumatising experience for those nations that were caught up in it. Nowhere was this more apparent than in Undivided India where over two and a half million Indians volunteered to serve in the armed forces and to fight against the evils of the fascist Axis Powers. Those Indians who served and fought had their own motives but a predominant one was pride and satisfaction in doing a soldier's job and earning a soldier's pay. Service in the Indian Army was respected, particularly in rural communities, and money sent home by a soldier could over time transform his family's social status. As it had done towards the end of World War I the Indian Army in World War II opened its arms wide and recruited from many varied castes and backgrounds, and few were found wanting. The demands made on India to provide servicemen and women were massive. Indian Army formations contributed significantly to the defeat of Italian forces in East and North Africa and then to the much more difficult confrontations with German troops. Dark days followed when Japan invaded Hong Kong, Borneo, Malaya and Burma. Indian troops predominated in the defence of those regions and many were killed in action or ordered into captivity by their commanders. After realistic re-assessments of the threats faced in Asia had been made, and the new training and motivation required had been delivered, the Indian Army emerged again in 1944 and 1945 as the most proficient and economical Allied force in Asia. Meanwhile Indian troops, not forgetting the large number of Nepalese serving in the Indian Army, fought Vichy French forces in Syria, nationalists in Persia and Iraq, and above all else Germans in North Africa and Europe – and they won their battles. This book will show you how the Indian Army was tested during World War II, and how it prevailed using courage, professionalism, honour and dignity. "

Author : Robert Shultz
Publisher : Naval Institute Press
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781612511412

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The Marines Take Anbar by Robert Shultz Pdf

The U.S. Marine Corps’ four-year campaign against al Qaeda in Anbar is a fight certain to take its place next to such legendary clashes as Belleau Wood, Guadalcanal, Peleliu, Iwo Jima, Okinawa, Chosin, and Khe Sanh. Its success, the author contends, constituted a major turning point in the Iraq War and helped alter the course of events and set the stage for the Surge in Baghdad a year later. This book brings to light all the decisive details of how the Marines, between 2004 and 2008, adapted and improvised as they applied the hard lessons of past mistakes. In March 2004, when part of the 1st Marine Expeditionary Force (I MEF) was deployed to Anbar Province in the heart of the Sunni triangle, the Marines quickly found themselves locked in a bloody test of wills with al Qaeda, and a burgeoning violent insurgency. By the spring of 2006, according to all accounts, enemy violence was skyrocketing, while predictions for any U.S. success were plummeting. But at that same time new counterinsurgency initiatives were put in place when I MEF returned for its second tour in Anbar, and the Marines began to gain control. By September 2008 the fight was over. Richard Shultz, a well-known author and international security studies expert, has thoroughly researched this subject. His book effectively argues the case for the Marines changing the course of the war at Anbar, which is contrary to the conventional wisdom that the Surge was the turning point."

Author : Nicholas J. Schlosser
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Government publications
ISBN : UCSD:31822038367249

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The Battle for Al-Qaim and the Campaign to Secure the Western Euphrates River Valley by Nicholas J. Schlosser Pdf

Author : Karl Hack
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Colonies
ISBN : 0700713034

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Defence and Decolonisation in Southeast Asia by Karl Hack Pdf

This text explains British defence policy by examining the overlapping of colonial, military, economic and Cold War factors in Southeast Asia.

Author : Francis Hoffman
Publisher : Naval Institute Press
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03-15
Category : History
ISBN : 9781682475904

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Mars Adapting by Francis Hoffman Pdf

As Clausewitz observed, “In war more than anywhere else, things do not turn out as we expect.” The essence of war is a competitive reciprocal relationship with an adversary. Commanders and institutional leaders must recognize shortfalls and resolve gaps rapidly in the middle of the fog of war. The side that reacts best (and absorbs faster) increases its chances of winning. Mars Adapting examines what makes some military organizations better at this contest than others. It explores the institutional characteristics or attributes at play in learning quickly. Adaptation requires a dynamic process of acquiring knowledge, the utilization of that knowledge to alter a unit’s skills, and the sharing of that learning to other units to integrate and institutionalize better operational practice. Mars Adapting explores the internal institutional factors that promote and enable military adaptation. It employs four cases, drawing upon one from each of the U.S. armed services. Each case was an extensive campaign, with several cycles of action/counteraction. In each case the military institution entered the war with an existing mental model of the war they expected to fight. For example, the U.S. Navy prepared for decades to defeat the Japanese Imperial Navy and had developed carried-based aviation. Other capabilities, particularly the Fleet submarine, were applied as a major adaptation. The author establishes a theory called Organizational Learning Capacity that captures the transition of experience and knowledge from individuals into larger and higher levels of each military service through four major steps. The learning/change cycle is influenced, he argues, by four institutional attributes (leadership, organizational culture, learning mechanisms, and dissemination mechanisms). The dynamic interplay of these institutional enablers shaped their ability to perceive and change appropriately.

Author : Steven Dudley
Publisher : Harlequin
Page : 373 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2020-09-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781488095344

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MS-13 by Steven Dudley Pdf

“One of the year’s most important books, a gripping meticulously reported account of the rise of one of the world’s most notorious street gangs.” —Mitch Weiss, Pulitzer Prize winner Winner of the Lukas Prize An NPR Best Book of the Year The MS-13 was born from war. In the 1980s, Alex and his brother fled El Salvador for the US and formed the Mara Salvatrucha Stoners. Initially bound by a love of heavy metal music, the group soon took on a harder edge, selling drugs, stealing cars and killing rivals. Gang members like Alex were incarcerated and deported. But in the prison system, the group only grew stronger. Today, MS-13 is one of the most infamous street gangs on earth—and also largely misunderstood. Longtime organized crime investigator Steven Dudley brings readers inside the nefarious group to tell a broader story of flawed US and Central American policies and the exploitative, unequal systems that shape them. “A remarkable feat of reporting; the ways in which the United States is complicit in the creation and preservation of MS-13 might well keep you awake deep into the night, as it did me.” —Rachel Louise Snyder, author of No Visible Bruises “By detailing the experiences of gang members and victims alike, he anatomizes the complex, fluid dynamics of this elusive transnational network. A startling book.” —Patrick Radden Keefe, New York Times–bestselling author of Rogues: True Stories of Grifters, Killers, Rebels and Crooks “The definitive account of MS-13 . . . An outstanding book for true crime readers.” —Library Journal (starred review)

Author : Chit Chung Ong
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : Academic theses
ISBN : OCLC:1435960910

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'Operation Matador' and the Outbreak of the War in the Far East by Chit Chung Ong Pdf