Pain Pleasure And The Greater Good

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Pain, Pleasure, and the Greater Good

Cathy Gere
Pain Pleasure and the Greater Good Book PDF

Author : Cathy Gere
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2017-10-19
Category : History
ISBN : 9780226501994

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Pain, Pleasure, and the Greater Good by Cathy Gere Pdf

How should we weigh the costs and benefits of scientific research on humans? Is it right that a small group of people should suffer in order that a larger number can live better, healthier lives? Or is an individual truly sovereign, unable to be plotted as part of such a calculation? These are questions that have bedeviled scientists, doctors, and ethicists for decades, and in Pain, Pleasure, and the Greater Good, Cathy Gere presents the gripping story of how we have addressed them over time. Today, we are horrified at the idea that a medical experiment could be performed on someone without consent. But, as Gere shows, that represents a relatively recent shift: for more than two centuries, from the birth of utilitarianism in the eighteenth century, the doctrine of the greater good held sway. If a researcher believed his work would benefit humanity, then inflicting pain, or even death, on unwitting or captive subjects was considered ethically acceptable. It was only in the wake of World War II, and the revelations of Nazi medical atrocities, that public and medical opinion began to change, culminating in the National Research Act of 1974, which mandated informed consent. Showing that utilitarianism is based in the idea that humans are motivated only by pain and pleasure, Gere cautions that that greater good thinking is on the upswing again today and that the lesson of history is in imminent danger of being lost. Rooted in the experiences of real people, and with major consequences for how we think about ourselves and our rights, Pain, Pleasure, and the Greater Good is a dazzling, ambitious history.

Dopamine Nation

Dr. Anna Lembke
Dopamine Nation Book PDF

Author : Dr. Anna Lembke
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2021-08-24
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781524746735

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Dopamine Nation by Dr. Anna Lembke Pdf

INSTANT NEW YORK TIMES and LOS ANGELES TIMES BESTSELLER “Brilliant . . . riveting, scary, cogent, and cleverly argued.”—Beth Macy, author of Dopesick, as heard on Fresh Air This book is about pleasure. It’s also about pain. Most important, it’s about how to find the delicate balance between the two, and why now more than ever finding balance is essential. We’re living in a time of unprecedented access to high-reward, high-dopamine stimuli: drugs, food, news, gambling, shopping, gaming, texting, sexting, Facebooking, Instagramming, YouTubing, tweeting . . . The increased numbers, variety, and potency is staggering. The smartphone is the modern-day hypodermic needle, delivering digital dopamine 24/7 for a wired generation. As such we’ve all become vulnerable to compulsive overconsumption. In Dopamine Nation, Dr. Anna Lembke, psychiatrist and author, explores the exciting new scientific discoveries that explain why the relentless pursuit of pleasure leads to pain . . . and what to do about it. Condensing complex neuroscience into easy-to-understand metaphors, Lembke illustrates how finding contentment and connectedness means keeping dopamine in check. The lived experiences of her patients are the gripping fabric of her narrative. Their riveting stories of suffering and redemption give us all hope for managing our consumption and transforming our lives. In essence, Dopamine Nation shows that the secret to finding balance is combining the science of desire with the wisdom of recovery.

The Sweet Spot

Paul Bloom
The Sweet Spot Book PDF

Author : Paul Bloom
Publisher : HarperCollins
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2021-11-02
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780062910585

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The Sweet Spot by Paul Bloom Pdf

“This book will challenge you to rethink your vision of a good life. With sharp insights and lucid prose, Paul Bloom makes a captivating case that pain and suffering are essential to happiness. It’s an exhilarating antidote to toxic positivity.” —Adam Grant, #1 New York Times bestselling author of Think Again and host of the TED podcast WorkLife One of Behavioral Scientist's "Notable Books of 2021" From the author of Against Empathy, a different kind of happiness book, one that shows us how suffering is an essential source of both pleasure and meaning in our lives Why do we so often seek out physical pain and emotional turmoil? We go to movies that make us cry, or scream, or gag. We poke at sores, eat spicy foods, immerse ourselves in hot baths, run marathons. Some of us even seek out pain and humiliation in sexual role-play. Where do these seemingly perverse appetites come from? Drawing on groundbreaking findings from psychology and brain science, The Sweet Spot shows how the right kind of suffering sets the stage for enhanced pleasure. Pain can distract us from our anxieties and help us transcend the self. Choosing to suffer can serve social goals; it can display how tough we are or, conversely, can function as a cry for help. Feelings of fear and sadness are part of the pleasure of immersing ourselves in play and fantasy and can provide certain moral satisfactions. And effort, struggle, and difficulty can, in the right contexts, lead to the joys of mastery and flow. But suffering plays a deeper role as well. We are not natural hedonists—a good life involves more than pleasure. People seek lives of meaning and significance; we aspire to rich relationships and satisfying pursuits, and this requires some amount of struggle, anxiety, and loss. Brilliantly argued, witty, and humane, Paul Bloom shows how a life without chosen suffering would be empty—and worse than that, boring.

I Mean You No Harm; I Seek Your Greatest Good

Jim Meehan
I Mean You No Harm I Seek Your Greatest Good Book PDF

Author : Jim Meehan
Publisher : iUniverse
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2015-04-28
Category : Fiction
ISBN : 9781491761502

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I Mean You No Harm; I Seek Your Greatest Good by Jim Meehan Pdf

Jim Meehan, British psychologist, poet and amateur philosopher, was asked by one of his mentors, eminent American psychologist Dr. William E. Hall, to consider what attitudes are essential to the establishment of trust, which Hall regarded as being at the heart of all good human relationships. Meehan came up with ten words in the form of two promises that provide the title for this book, “I mean you no harm; I seek your greatest good.” The book starts as Meehan attempts to answer the question he is often asked, “Where do these words come from?” Born in Liverpool in the same hospital and same year as Paul McCartney, Meehan uses McCartney’s account of the composition of his bestselling song, “Yesterday,” to describe a similar experience that gave birth to his ten-word mantra, which captures the heart of trust. Meehan offers some possible biographical contributing factors. Beginning with a section aptly titled, “My Yesterdays,” he explores some early childhood relationships and experiences in Liverpool toward the end and shortly after the Second World War and investigates his adolescence, which was spent mainly in Birmingham, England’s second largest city. He then turns his attention to the influence of five mentors who definitely meant him no harm and sought his greatest good to examine how instrumental they could have been in the formulation of the words. Having exhausted his search for the origin of the expression, he then discusses the meaning of trust and how the two promises, when exchanged with other people, start a journey toward total mutual trust. Meehan defines different forms of trust, draws on the views of certain philosophers, psychologists and exemplars of trust and addresses the current global crisis of trust or, rather, lack of trust. He also includes a few anecdotes that describe the meaningfulness of the ten words to others. At the beginning of his account, Meehan explains how these two promises have developed legs of their own and have traveled widely since first being written in 1997. He finishes the book by posing the question, “Where are the words going?” Certainly, the book could be said to have given the ten words some wings or at least some more legs. In his epilogue, he provides attempts he has made to catch the essentials of total mutual trust and related concepts in verse.

John Locke

John Locke
John Locke Book PDF

Author : John Locke
Publisher : Clarendon Press
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Religion
ISBN : 0199243425

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John Locke by John Locke Pdf

Locke lived at a time of heightened religious sensibility, and religious motives and theological beliefs were fundamental to his philosophical outlook. Here, Victor Nuovo brings together the first comprehensive collection of Locke's writings on religion and theology. These writings illustrate the deep religious motivation in Locke's thought.

The Great Art of Government

Peter Josephson
The Great Art of Government Book PDF

Author : Peter Josephson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : UOM:39015054304020

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The Great Art of Government by Peter Josephson Pdf

Moving beyond previous scholarship, he gives us a Locke as much concerned with the effective functioning of government as with the roots of its moral legitimacy."--BOOK JACKET.

The Good Life and the Greater Good in a Global Context

Laura Savu Walker
The Good Life and the Greater Good in a Global Context Book PDF

Author : Laura Savu Walker
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2015-11-19
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781498522335

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The Good Life and the Greater Good in a Global Context by Laura Savu Walker Pdf

The Good Life and the Greater Good in a Global Context brings together scholars working in the fields of the humanities and social sciences who critically examine the notion of the “good life,” understood in all of its dimensions—material, psychological, moral, emotional, and spiritual—and in relation to the greater good. In so doing, the authors provide interdisciplinary insights into what the good life means today and how a viable vision of it can be achieved to benefit not just individuals but our interdependent world as well.

Utilitarianism

John Stuart Mill
Utilitarianism Book PDF

Author : John Stuart Mill
Publisher : BookRix
Page : 112 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2019-06-28
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783736808317

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Utilitarianism by John Stuart Mill Pdf

John Stuart Mill was a British philosopher, political economist and civil servant. He was an influential contributor to social theory, political theory and political economy. He has been called "the most influential English-speaking philosopher of the nineteenth century". Mill's conception of liberty justified the freedom of the individual in opposition to unlimited state control. He was a proponent of utilitarianism, an ethical theory developed by Jeremy Bentham. Hoping to remedy the problems found in an inductive approach to science, such as confirmation bias, he clearly set forth the premises of falsifiability as the key component in the scientific method. Mill was also a Member of Parliament and an important figure in liberal political philosophy.

Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance

Ali Farazmand
Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration Public Policy and Governance Book PDF

Author : Ali Farazmand
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 13623 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2023-04-05
Category : Law
ISBN : 9783030662523

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Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance by Ali Farazmand Pdf

This global encyclopedic work serves as a comprehensive collection of global scholarship regarding the vast fields of public administration, public policy, governance, and management. Written and edited by leading international scholars and practitioners, this exhaustive resource covers all areas of the above fields and their numerous subfields of study. In keeping with the multidisciplinary spirit of these fields and subfields, the entries make use of various theoretical, empirical, analytical, practical, and methodological bases of knowledge. Expanded and updated, the second edition includes over a thousand of new entries representing the most current research in public administration, public policy, governance, nonprofit and nongovernmental organizations, and management covering such important sub-areas as: 1. organization theory, behavior, change and development; 2. administrative theory and practice; 3. Bureaucracy; 4. public budgeting and financial management; 5. public economy and public management 6. public personnel administration and labor-management relations; 7. crisis and emergency management; 8. institutional theory and public administration; 9. law and regulations; 10. ethics and accountability; 11. public governance and private governance; 12. Nonprofit management and nongovernmental organizations; 13. Social, health, and environmental policy areas; 14. pandemic and crisis management; 15. administrative and governance reforms; 16. comparative public administration and governance; 17. globalization and international issues; 18. performance management; 19. geographical areas of the world with country-focused entries like Japan, China, Latin America, Europe, Asia, Africa, the Middle East, Russia and Eastern Europe, North America; and 20. a lot more. Relevant to professionals, experts, scholars, general readers, researchers, policy makers and manger, and students worldwide, this work will serve as the most viable global reference source for those looking for an introduction and advance knowledge to the field.

NICOMACHEAN ETHICS

Aristotle
NICOMACHEAN ETHICS Book PDF

Author : Aristotle
Publisher : 右灰文化傳播有限公司可提供下載列印
Page : 148 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2017-04-20
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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NICOMACHEAN ETHICS by Aristotle Pdf

�EVERY art and every inquiry, and similarly every action and pursuit, is thought to aim at some good; and for this reason the good has rightly been declared to be that at which all things aim. But a certain difference is found among ends; some are activities, others are products apart from the activities that produce them. Where there are ends apart from the actions, it is the nature of the products to be better than the activities. Now, as there are many actions, arts, and sciences, their ends also are many; the end of the medical art is health, that of shipbuilding a vessel, that of strategy victory, that of economics wealth. But where such arts fall under a single capacity- as bridle-making and the other arts concerned with the equipment of horses fall under the art of riding, and this and every military action under strategy, in the same way other arts fall under yet others- in all of these the ends of the master arts are to be preferred to all the subordinate ends; for it is for the sake of the former that the latter are pursued. It makes no difference whether the activities themselves are the ends of the actions, or something else apart from the activities, as in the case of the sciences just mentioned.�

Bentham and the Arts

Anthony Julius,Malcolm Quinn,Philip Schofield
Bentham and the Arts Book PDF

Author : Anthony Julius,Malcolm Quinn,Philip Schofield
Publisher : UCL Press
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2020-05-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781787357365

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Bentham and the Arts by Anthony Julius,Malcolm Quinn,Philip Schofield Pdf

Bentham and the Arts considers the sceptical challenge presented by Bentham’s hedonistic utilitarianism to the existence of the aesthetic, as represented in the oft-quoted statement that, ‘Prejudice apart, the game of push-pin is of equal value with the arts and sciences of music and poetry. If the game of push-pin furnish more pleasure, it is more valuable than either.’ This statement is one part of a complex set of arguments on culture, taste, and utility that Bentham pursued over his lifetime, in which sensations of pleasure and pain were opposed to aesthetic sensibility. Leading scholars from a variety of disciplines reflect on the implications of Bentham’s radical utilitarian approach for our understanding of the history and contemporary nature of art, literature, and aesthetics more generally.

Rhetoric

Peter Dixon
Rhetoric Book PDF

Author : Peter Dixon
Publisher : Charles River Editors
Page : 189 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Rhetoric by Peter Dixon Pdf

This book begins by noting some of the diverse ways in which the term rhetoric is currently used and shows some of the relationships between these uses. The chapters which follow seek to elucidate these relationships by means of the fortunes of rhetoric. From a study of the rise and development of rhetorical theory and practice in Greek and Roman times, the book goes on to survey the impact of rhetoric on literature (chiefly English literature) down to the present day, paying particular attention to the importance of rhetoric in education, and to the rhetorical aspects of Elizabethan and seventeenth century literature. Some account is taken of the hostility to rhetoric which began to gather force from about 1660 onwards ; the final chapter indicates some of the ways in which the study of rhetoric has recently been revived and remodeled, and its bearings on the practice and theory of literary criticism.

Why I Write

George Orwell
Why I Write Book PDF

Author : George Orwell
Publisher : Renard Press Ltd
Page : 15 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2021-01-01
Category : Literary Collections
ISBN : 9781913724269

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Why I Write by George Orwell Pdf

George Orwell set out ‘to make political writing into an art’, and to a wide extent this aim shaped the future of English literature – his descriptions of authoritarian regimes helped to form a new vocabulary that is fundamental to understanding totalitarianism. While 1984 and Animal Farm are amongst the most popular classic novels in the English language, this new series of Orwell’s essays seeks to bring a wider selection of his writing on politics and literature to a new readership. In Why I Write, the first in the Orwell’s Essays series, Orwell describes his journey to becoming a writer, and his movement from writing poems to short stories to the essays, fiction and non-fiction we remember him for. He also discusses what he sees as the ‘four great motives for writing’ – ‘sheer egoism’, ‘aesthetic enthusiasm’, ‘historical impulse’ and ‘political purpose’ – and considers the importance of keeping these in balance. Why I Write is a unique opportunity to look into Orwell’s mind, and it grants the reader an entirely different vantage point from which to consider the rest of the great writer’s oeuvre. 'A writer who can – and must – be rediscovered with every age.' — Irish Times

Homer and the Tradition of Political Philosophy

Peter J. Ahrensdorf
Homer and the Tradition of Political Philosophy Book PDF

Author : Peter J. Ahrensdorf
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 335 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2022-08-25
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781009302593

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Homer and the Tradition of Political Philosophy by Peter J. Ahrensdorf Pdf

In this book, Peter Ahrensdorf explores an overlooked but crucial role that Homer played in the thought of Plato, Machiavelli, and Nietzsche concerning, notably, the relationship between politics, religion, and philosophy; and in their debates about human nature, morality, the proper education for human excellence, and the best way of life. By studying Homer in conjunction with these three political philosophers, Ahrensdorf demonstrates that Homer was himself a philosophical thinker and educator. He presents the full force of Plato's critique of Homer and the paramount significance of Plato's achievement in winning honor for philosophy. Ahrensdorf also makes possible an appreciation of the powerful concerns expressed by Machiavelli and Nietzsche regarding that achievement. By uncovering and bringing to life the rich philosophic conversation among these four foundational thinkers, Ahrensdorf shows that there are many ways of living a philosophic life. His book broadens and deepens our understanding of what a philosopher is.

Social

Matthew D. Lieberman
Social Book PDF

Author : Matthew D. Lieberman
Publisher : Crown
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2013-10-08
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780307889119

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Social by Matthew D. Lieberman Pdf

We are profoundly social creatures--more than we know. In Social, renowned psychologist Matthew Lieberman explores groundbreaking research in social neuroscience revealing that our need to connect with other people is even more fundamental, more basic, than our need for food or shelter. Because of this, our brain uses its spare time to learn about the social world--other people and our relation to them. It is believed that we must commit 10,000 hours to master a skill. According to Lieberman, each of us has spent 10,000 hours learning to make sense of people and groups by the time we are ten. Social argues that our need to reach out to and connect with others is a primary driver behind our behavior. We believe that pain and pleasure alone guide our actions. Yet, new research using fMRI--including a great deal of original research conducted by Lieberman and his UCLA lab--shows that our brains react to social pain and pleasure in much the same way as they do to physical pain and pleasure. Fortunately, the brain has evolved sophisticated mechanisms for securing our place in the social world. We have a unique ability to read other people’s minds, to figure out their hopes, fears, and motivations, allowing us to effectively coordinate our lives with one another. And our most private sense of who we are is intimately linked to the important people and groups in our lives. This wiring often leads us to restrain our selfish impulses for the greater good. These mechanisms lead to behavior that might seem irrational, but is really just the result of our deep social wiring and necessary for our success as a species. Based on the latest cutting edge research, the findings in Social have important real-world implications. Our schools and businesses, for example, attempt to minimalize social distractions. But this is exactly the wrong thing to do to encourage engagement and learning, and literally shuts down the social brain, leaving powerful neuro-cognitive resources untapped. The insights revealed in this pioneering book suggest ways to improve learning in schools, make the workplace more productive, and improve our overall well-being.