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Papa Toussaint, a novel based on history, chronicles the efforts of the former slave, Toussaint Louverture, to create in Haïti a nation based on the equality of all races. The colonial countries work to inflame racial tensions on the island, and finally Napoléon sends an army to reestablish slavery. Papa Toussaint is based on the last five years in the life of Toussaint Louverture, the liberator of Haïti.
At the end of the 1700s, French Saint Domingue was the richest and most brutal colony in the Western Hemisphere. A mere twelve years later, however, Haitian rebels had defeated the Spanish, British, and French and declared independence after the first—and only—successful slave revolt in history. Much of the success of the revolution must be credited to one man, Toussaint Louverture, a figure about whom surprisingly little is known. In this fascinating biography, Madison Smartt Bell, award-winning author of a trilogy of novels that investigate Haiti’s history, combines a novelist’s passion with a deep knowledge of the historical milieu that produced the man labeled a saint, a martyr, or a clever opportunist who instigated one of the most violent events in modern history. The first biography in English in over sixty years of the man who led the Haitian Revolution, this is an engaging reexamination of the controversial, paradoxical leader.
Toussaint L'Ouverture is not a familiar enough name to the majority of Black people of America, but it should be, because he was the man responsible for the second free nation in our hemisphere - Haiti, the first Black republic in the world. Toussaint L'Ouverture is an inspiration to Black people throughout the world, for here is a man who was born a slave, lived the greater part of his life as a slave, and never gave up the hope and goal of freedom for his people. In ancient Rome, there was a man who had the same idea. He also was a slave; his name was Spartacus. He led a slave revolt against the power of Rome which was the most formidable power in the world at that time. But he did not succeed, and he was finally put to death by the Romans. Where Spartacus failed in his attempt to win freedom for the slaves, the "Black Spartacus," Toussaint L'Ouverture, not only succeeded, but did so against even greater odds. He fought and won against three powers - the French, the Spanish, and the British. He succeeded because he was not only a fearless military leader, but also a brilliant politician, well-skilled in the art of negotiation. Toussaint L'Ouverture turned a group of disorganized slaves into a well-trained fighting army, and they were willing to follow him anywhere. He accomplished this not only through a powerful personality, but with his forceful leadership. He lived with his men, and when they charged, he was right up front, leading them. He shared all the dangers and toils they encountered. His army consisted not only of the men under his military command, but the masses of Black people throughout the Island of Haiti as well, who trusted Toussaint L'Ouverture as a man devoted to their interests, who would lead them to victory in their struggle against the abomination of slavery. This Black Spartacus succeeded because he had more "inner weapons" at his disposal than the Spartacus of ancient Rome. Toussaint L'Ouverture's mere presence had an electrifying effect on people - both Black and white. He had a inner fire that seemed to draw them to him. He was educated, and this allowed him to negotiate on an equal level with the leaders he faught against. Often, he left them filled with admiration for his wisdom and use of political intrigue. A religious man, he did not murder wantonly, but only killed his enemy when forced to do so. If there was a chance to win a battle without killing, Toussaint used all is skill toward this end. He did not believe in pillage and destruction for their own sake, and in several instances won over the enemy without firing a shot. Toussaint L'Ouverture was a man of his people, a Black man devoted freedom, equality, and liberty for his Black brothers. He, more than any man in history, was responsible for freeing slaves, restoring their dignity as human beings, and allowing them to be masters of their own fate. Years before Abraham Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, the Black slaves of Haiti were free, and in control of their own Republic, because of the leadership of one man - Toussaint L'Ouverture.
The Stone that the Builder Refused by Madison Smartt Bell Pdf
The Stone that the Builder Refused is the final volume of Madison Smartt Bell’s masterful trilogy about the Haitian Revolution–the first successful slave revolution in history–which begins with All Souls' Rising (a finalist for the National Book Award and the PEN/Faulkner Award) and continues with Master of the Crossroads. Each of these three novels can be read independently of the two others; of the trilogy, The Baltimore Sun has said, “[It] will make an indelible mark on literary history–one worthy of occupying the same shelf as Tolstoy’s War and Peace.”
The Indivisible Globe, the Indissoluble Nation by Li-Chun Hsiao Pdf
Li-Chun Hsiao attempts to rethink, under the rubric of globalization, several key notions in postcolonial theory and writings by revisiting what he conceives as “the primal scene of postcoloniality”—the Haitian Revolution. He unpacks and critiques the post-structuralist penchants and undercurrents of the postcolonial paradigm in First-World academia while not reinstating earlier Marxist stricture. Focusing on Edouard Glissant’s, C. L. R. James’s, and Derek Walcott’s representations of Toussaint L’Ouverture and the Haitian Revolution, the textual analyses approach the issues of colonial mimicry, postcolonial nationalism, and postcoloniality in light of recent reconsiderations of the universal and the particular in critical theories, and psychoanalytic conceptions of trauma, identity, and jouissance. Hsiao argues that postcolonial intellectuals’ characteristic celebration of the Particular, together with their nuanced denunciation of the postcolonial nation and the Revolution, doesn’t really do away with the category of the Universal, nor twist free of the problematic of the logics of difference/equivalence that sustains the “living on” of the nation-state, despite an ever expanding globality; rather, such a postcolonial phenomenon is symptomatic of a disavowed traumatic event that mirrors and prefigures the predicament of the postcolonial experience while invoking its simulacra and further struggles centuries later.
The Afrikan Revolution in Ayiti by Kimoni Yaw Ajani Pdf
The Afrikan Revolution in Ayiti: Libète ou Lanmò, Freedom or Death is an Afrocentric re-examination and interpretation around the historiography of the Haitian Revolution and provides an in-depth study that highlights several significant Afrikan epistemological and cosmological aspects that led to freedom.
It is 1937 and Amabelle Désir, a young Haitian woman living in the Dominican Republic, has built herself a life as the servant and companion of the wife of a wealthy colonel. She and Sebastien, a cane worker, are deeply in love and plan to marry. But Amabelle's world collapses when a wave of genocidal violence, driven by Dominican dictator Rafael Trujillo, leads to the slaughter of Haitian workers. Amabelle and Sebastien are separated, and she desperately flees the tide of violence for a Haiti she barely remembers. Already acknowledged as a classic, this harrowing story of love and survival—from one of the most important voices of her generation—is an unforgettable memorial to the victims of the Parsley Massacre and a testimony to the power of human memory.
"This Shipwreck of Fragments" by Li-Chun Hsiao Pdf
In the light of, and in response to, the popular perception of the Caribbean as an epitome of cultural hybridity and improvisation, this book seeks to further examine Caribbean cultural identities along the lines of race, class, nationalism, and history. Drawing on a variety of genres of literature and popular music, the present volume includes not only essays that stress the shaping and reshaping of Afro-Caribbean cultural identities and the significance of hybridization, but also those that think against the grain and pursue questions which have not received enough critical attention. This latter task can be seen in the attempt to probe the phenomenon that the Caribbean's image as a tropical getaway in metropolitan popular imaginations tends to eclipse its troubled pasts, traumatic memories, and current (and recurrent) problems which elude the rhetoric of cultural hybridity, presupposing instead a certain non-conflictual diversity or racial equality in the relatively innocuous realm of "culture." Although nuanced among themselves on certain issues, the individual chapters together highlight a body of work which is distinct from the bulk of Anglo-American academic productions on the Caribbean, as the majority of the textual and cultural materials treated here come from either the Hispanic or Francophone Caribbean.
Author : Jeremy D. Popkin Publisher : John Wiley & Sons Page : 213 pages File Size : 51,8 Mb Release : 2011-11-28 Category : History ISBN : 9781444347517
A Concise History of the Haitian Revolution by Jeremy D. Popkin Pdf
This book offers students a concise and clearly written overview of the events of the Haitian Revolution, from the slave uprising in the French colony of Saint-Domingue in 1791 to the declaration of Haiti’s independence in 1804. Draws on the latest scholarship in the field as well as the author’s original research Offers a valuable resource for those studying independence movements in Latin America, the history of the Atlantic World, the history of the African diaspora, and the age of the American and French revolutions Written by an expert on both the French and Haitian revolutions to offer a balanced view Presents a chronological, yet thematic, account of the complex historical contexts that produced and shaped the Haitian Revolution
In this second edition of The Repeating Island, Antonio Benítez-Rojo, a master of the historical novel, short story, and critical essay, continues to confront the legacy and myths of colonialism. This co-winner of the 1993 MLA Katherine Singer Kovacs Prize has been expanded to include three entirely new chapters that add a Lacanian perspective and a view of the carnivalesque to an already brilliant interpretive study of Caribbean culture. As he did in the first edition, Benítez-Rojo redefines the Caribbean by drawing on history, economics, sociology, cultural anthropology, psychoanalysis, literary theory, and nonlinear mathematics. His point of departure is chaos theory, which holds that order and disorder are not the antithesis of each other in nature but function as mutually generative phenomena. Benítez-Rojo argues that within the apparent disorder of the Caribbean—the area’s discontinuous landmasses, its different colonial histories, ethnic groups, languages, traditions, and politics—there emerges an “island” of paradoxes that repeats itself and gives shape to an unexpected and complex sociocultural archipelago. Benítez-Rojo illustrates this unique form of identity with powerful readings of texts by Las Casas, Guillén, Carpentier, García Márquez, Walcott, Harris, Buitrago, and Rodríguez Juliá.
Christianity in the Caribbean by Armando Lampe Pdf
This is a collection of essays on the history of Christianity and the role of the Church in the processes of colonization and decolonization in the Caribbean. They look at the relationships that existed among slavery, colonialism and Catholicism.
Black Theatre by Paul Carter Harrison,Victor Leo Walker Ii,Gus Edwards Pdf
Generating a new understanding of the past—as well as a vision for the future—this path-breaking volume contains essays written by playwrights, scholars, and critics that analyze African American theatre as it is practiced today.Even as they acknowledge that Black experience is not monolithic, these contributors argue provocatively and persuasively for a Black consciousness that creates a culturally specific theatre. This theatre, rooted in an African mythos, offers ritual rather than realism; it transcends the specifics of social relations, reaching toward revelation. The ritual performance that is intrinsic to Black theatre renews the community; in Paul Carter Harrison's words, it "reveals the Form of Things Unknown" in a way that "binds, cleanses, and heals."
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Master of the Crossroads by Madison Smartt Bell Pdf
Continuing his epic trilogy of the Haitian slave uprising, Madison Smartt Bell’s Master of the Crossroads delivers a stunning portrayal of Toussaint Louverture, former slave, military genius and liberator of Haiti, and his struggle against the great European powers to free his people in the only successful slave revolution in history. At the outset, Toussaint is a second-tier general in the Spanish army, which is supporting the rebel slaves’ fight against the French. But w hen Toussaint is betrayed by his former allies and the commanders of the Spanish army, he reunites his army with the French, wresting vital territories and manpower from Spanish control. With his army one among several factions, Toussaint eventually rises as the ultimate victor as he wards off his enemies to take control of the French colony and establish a new constitution. Bell’s grand, multifaceted novel shows a nation, splintered by actions and in the throes of chaos, carried to liberation and justice through the undaunted tenacity of one incredible visionary.