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Parallel Natural Language Processing by Geert Adriaens,Udo Hahn Pdf
Parallel processing is not only a general topic of interest for computer scientists and researchers in artificial intelligence, but it is gaining more and more attention in the community of scientists studying natural language and its processing (computational linguists, AI researchers, psychologists). The growing need to integrate large divergent bodies of knowledge in natural language processing applications, or the belief that massively parallel systems are the only ones capable of handling the complexities and subtleties of natural language, are just two examples of the reasons for this increasing interest.
Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing by Guodong Zhou,Juanzi Li,Dongyan Zhao,Yansong Feng Pdf
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second CCF Conference on Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing, NLPCC 2013, held in Chongqing, China, during November 2013. The 31 revised full papers presented together with three keynote talks and 13 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 203 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on fundamentals on language computing; applications on language computing; machine learning for NLP; machine translation and multi-lingual information access; NLP for social media and web mining, knowledge acquisition; NLP for search technology and ads; NLP fundamentals; NLP applications; NLP for social media.
Building and Using Comparable Corpora for Multilingual Natural Language Processing by Serge Sharoff,Reinhard Rapp,Pierre Zweigenbaum Pdf
This book provides a comprehensive overview of methods to build comparable corpora and of their applications, including machine translation, cross-lingual transfer, and various kinds of multilingual natural language processing. The authors begin with a brief history on the topic followed by a comparison to parallel resources and an explanation of why comparable corpora have become more widely used. In particular, they provide the basis for the multilingual capabilities of pre-trained models, such as BERT or GPT. The book then focuses on building comparable corpora, aligning their sentences to create a database of suitable translations, and using these sentence translations to produce dictionaries and term banks. Then, it is explained how comparable corpora can be used to build machine translation engines and to develop a wide variety of multilingual applications.
Natural Language Understanding and Intelligent Applications by Chin-Yew Lin,Nianwen Xue,Dongyan Zhao,Xuanjing Huang,Yansong Feng Pdf
This book constitutes the joint refereed proceedings of the 5th CCF Conference on Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing, NLPCC 2016, and the 24th International Conference on Computer Processing of Oriental Languages, ICCPOL 2016, held in Kunming, China, in December 2016. The 48 revised full papers presented together with 41 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 216 submissions. The papers cover fundamental research in language computing, multi-lingual access, web mining/text mining, machine learning for NLP, knowledge graph, NLP for social network, as well as applications in language computing.
Connectionist Approaches to Natural Language Processing by R G Reilly,Noel Sharkey Pdf
Originally published in 1992, when connectionist natural language processing (CNLP) was a new and burgeoning research area, this book represented a timely assessment of the state of the art in the field. It includes contributions from some of the best known researchers in CNLP and covers a wide range of topics. The book comprises four main sections dealing with connectionist approaches to semantics, syntax, the debate on representational adequacy, and connectionist models of psycholinguistic processes. The semantics and syntax sections deal with a variety of approaches to issues in these traditional linguistic domains, covering the spectrum from pure connectionist approaches to hybrid models employing a mixture of connectionist and classical AI techniques. The debate on the fundamental suitability of connectionist architectures for dealing with natural language processing is the focus of the section on representational adequacy. The chapters in this section represent a range of positions on the issue, from the view that connectionist models are intrinsically unsuitable for all but the associationistic aspects of natural language, to the other extreme which holds that the classical conception of representation can be dispensed with altogether. The final section of the book focuses on the application of connectionist models to the study of psycholinguistic processes. This section is perhaps the most varied, covering topics from speech perception and speech production, to attentional deficits in reading. An introduction is provided at the beginning of each section which highlights the main issues relating to the section topic and puts the constituent chapters into a wider context.
Representation Learning for Natural Language Processing by Zhiyuan Liu,Yankai Lin,Maosong Sun Pdf
This book provides an overview of the recent advances in representation learning theory, algorithms, and applications for natural language processing (NLP), ranging from word embeddings to pre-trained language models. It is divided into four parts. Part I presents the representation learning techniques for multiple language entries, including words, sentences and documents, as well as pre-training techniques. Part II then introduces the related representation techniques to NLP, including graphs, cross-modal entries, and robustness. Part III then introduces the representation techniques for the knowledge that are closely related to NLP, including entity-based world knowledge, sememe-based linguistic knowledge, legal domain knowledge and biomedical domain knowledge. Lastly, Part IV discusses the remaining challenges and future research directions. The theories and algorithms of representation learning presented can also benefit other related domains such as machine learning, social network analysis, semantic Web, information retrieval, data mining and computational biology. This book is intended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, post-doctoral fellows, researchers, lecturers, and industrial engineers, as well as anyone interested in representation learning and natural language processing. As compared to the first edition, the second edition (1) provides a more detailed introduction to representation learning in Chapter 1; (2) adds four new chapters to introduce pre-trained language models, robust representation learning, legal knowledge representation learning and biomedical knowledge representation learning; (3) updates recent advances in representation learning in all chapters; and (4) corrects some errors in the first edition. The new contents will be approximately 50%+ compared to the first edition. This is an open access book.
Connectionist Natural Language Processing by Noel Sharkey Pdf
Connection science is a new information-processing paradigm which attempts to imitate the architecture and process of the brain, and brings together researchers from disciplines as diverse as computer science, physics, psychology, philosophy, linguistics, biology, engineering, neuroscience and AI. Work in Connectionist Natural Language Processing (CNLP) is now expanding rapidly, yet much of the work is still only available in journals, some of them quite obscure. To make this research more accessible this book brings together an important and comprehensive set of articles from the journal CONNECTION SCIENCE which represent the state of the art in Connectionist natural language processing; from speech recognition to discourse comprehension. While it is quintessentially Connectionist, it also deals with hybrid systems, and will be of interest to both theoreticians as well as computer modellers. Range of topics covered: Connectionism and Cognitive Linguistics Motion, Chomsky's Government-binding Theory Syntactic Transformations on Distributed Representations Syntactic Neural Networks A Hybrid Symbolic/Connectionist Model for Understanding of Nouns Connectionism and Determinism in a Syntactic Parser Context Free Grammar Recognition Script Recognition with Hierarchical Feature Maps Attention Mechanisms in Language Script-Based Story Processing A Connectionist Account of Similarity in Vowel Harmony Learning Distributed Representations Connectionist Language Users Representation and Recognition of Temporal Patterns A Hybrid Model of Script Generation Networks that Learn about Phonological Features Pronunciation in Text-to-Speech Systems
Building and Using Comparable Corpora by Serge Sharoff,Reinhard Rapp,Pierre Zweigenbaum,Pascale Fung Pdf
The 1990s saw a paradigm change in the use of corpus-driven methods in NLP. In the field of multilingual NLP (such as machine translation and terminology mining) this implied the use of parallel corpora. However, parallel resources are relatively scarce: many more texts are produced daily by native speakers of any given language than translated. This situation resulted in a natural drive towards the use of comparable corpora, i.e. non-parallel texts in the same domain or genre. Nevertheless, this research direction has not produced a single authoritative source suitable for researchers and students coming to the field. The proposed volume provides a reference source, identifying the state of the art in the field as well as future trends. The book is intended for specialists and students in natural language processing, machine translation and computer-assisted translation.
Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing V by Nicolas Nicolov,Galia Angelova,Ruslan Mitkov Pdf
This volume brings together revised versions of a selection of papers presented at the Sixth International Conference on “Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing” (RANLP) held in Borovets, Bulgaria, 27–29 September 2007. These papers cover a wide variety of Natural Language Processing (NLP) topics: ontologies, named entity extraction, translation and transliteration, morphology (derivational and inflectional), part-of-speech tagging, parsing (incremental processing, dependency parsing), semantic role labeling, word sense disambiguation, temporal representations, inference and metaphor, semantic similarity, coreference resolution, clustering (topic modeling, topic tracking), summarization, cross-lingual retrieval, lexical and syntactic resources, multi-modal processing. The aim of this volume is to present new results in NLP based on modern theories and methodologies, making it of interest to researchers in NLP and, more specifically, to those who work in Computational Linguistics, Corpus Linguistics, and Machine Translation.
Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing IV by Nicolas Nicolov,Kalina Bontcheva,Galia Angelova,Ruslan Mitkov Pdf
This volume brings together selected and revised papers from the international conference on “Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing”, held in Borovets, Bulgaria, in September 2005. The best papers have been selected for this volume with the aim to reflect the most promising and significant trends in natural language processing. The volume covers a wide variety of topics in Natural Language Processing, including information extraction, indexing, latent semantic analysis, dependency parsing, anaphora and referring expressions, spam analysis, document classification, rhetorical relations, textual entailment, question answering, ontologies, word sense disambiguation, machine translation, treebanks and corpora.
Advances in Natural Language Processing by Hitoshi Isahara,Kyoko Kanzaki Pdf
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Advances in Natural Language Processing, JapTAL 2012, Kanazawa, Japan, in October 2012. The 27 revised full papers and 5 revised short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 42 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on machine translation, multilingual issues, resouces, semantic analysis, sentiment analysis, as well as speech and generation.
l This book evolved from the ARCADE evaluation exercise that started in 1995. The project's goal is to evaluate alignment systems for parallel texts, i. e. , texts accompanied by their translation. Thirteen teams from various places around the world have participated so far and for the first time, some ten to fifteen years after the first alignment techniques were designed, the community has been able to get a clear picture of the behaviour of alignment systems. Several chapters in this book describe the details of competing systems, and the last chapter is devoted to the description of the evaluation protocol and results. The remaining chapters were especially commissioned from researchers who have been major figures in the field in recent years, in an attempt to address a wide range of topics that describe the state of the art in parallel text processing and use. As I recalled in the introduction, the Rosetta stone won eternal fame as the prototype of parallel texts, but such texts are probably almost as old as the invention of writing. Nowadays, parallel texts are electronic, and they are be coming an increasingly important resource for building the natural language processing tools needed in the "multilingual information society" that is cur rently emerging at an incredible speed. Applications are numerous, and they are expanding every day: multilingual lexicography and terminology, machine and human translation, cross-language information retrieval, language learning, etc.
Natural Language Processing - NLP 2000 by Dimitris N. Christodoulakis Pdf
This volume contains the papers prepared for the 2nd International Conference on Natural Language Processing, held 2-4 June in Patras, Greece. The conference program features invited talks and submitted papers, c- ering a wide range of NLP areas: text segmentation, morphological analysis, lexical knowledge acquisition and representation, grammar formalism and s- tacticparsing,discourse analysis,languagegeneration,man-machineinteraction, machine translation, word sense disambiguation, and information extraction. The program committee received 71 abstracts, of which unfortunately no more than 50% could be accepted. Every paper was reviewed by at least two reviewers. The fairness of the reviewing process is demonstrated by the broad spread of institutions and countries represented in the accepted papers. So many have contributed to the success of the conference. The primary credit, ofcourse, goes to theauthors andto the invitedspeakers. By theirpapers and their inspired talks they established the quality of the conference. Secondly, thanks should go to the referees and to the program committee members who did a thorough and conscientious job. It was not easy to select the papers to be presented. Last, but not least, my special thanks to the organizing committee for making this conference happen.
Foundations of Statistical Natural Language Processing by Christopher Manning,Hinrich Schutze Pdf
Statistical approaches to processing natural language text have become dominant in recent years. This foundational text is the first comprehensive introduction to statistical natural language processing (NLP) to appear. The book contains all the theory and algorithms needed for building NLP tools. It provides broad but rigorous coverage of mathematical and linguistic foundations, as well as detailed discussion of statistical methods, allowing students and researchers to construct their own implementations. The book covers collocation finding, word sense disambiguation, probabilistic parsing, information retrieval, and other applications.
Harmonization and Development of Resources and Tools for Italian Natural Language Processing within the PARLI Project by Roberto Basili,Cristina Bosco,Rodolfo Delmonte,Alessandro Moschitti,Maria Simi Pdf
The papers collected in this volume are selected as a sample of the progress in Natural Language Processing (NLP) performed within the Italian NLP community and especially attested by the PARLI project. PARLI (Portale per l’Accesso alle Risorse in Lingua Italiana) is a project partially funded by the Ministero Italiano per l’Università e la Ricerca (PRIN 2008) from 2008 to 2012 for monitoring and fostering the harmonic growth and coordination of the activities of Italian NLP. It was proposed by various teams of researchers working in Italian universities and research institutions. According to the spirit of the PARLI project, most of the resources and tools created within the project and here described are freely distributed and they did not terminate their life at the end of the project itself, hoping they could be a key factor in future development of computational linguistics.