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Keith D. Gerbick,Marjorie Ann Browne,Nina M. Serafino,Martin A. Weiss
Author : Keith D. Gerbick,Marjorie Ann Browne,Nina M. Serafino,Martin A. Weiss Publisher : Nova Publishers Page : 150 pages File Size : 44,7 Mb Release : 2007 Category : History ISBN : 1600211437
Peacekeeping and Stability Issues by Keith D. Gerbick,Marjorie Ann Browne,Nina M. Serafino,Martin A. Weiss Pdf
As the international political climate grows increasingly volatile, peacekeeping operations have become a mainstay in troubled regions. The alternative to military occupation is either to train indigenous police forces or to hire security corporations. Policy makers are worried that these forces are not capable of maintaining peace. In addition, moral and legal issues are factors for policy makers that are debating the extent to which peacekeeping forces should be allowed to infiltrate societies in turmoil. Other issues of concern that this book examines are the United States relationship with the U.N. and the World Bank as all three pursue their different responsibilities in peacekeeping.
Peacekeeping and Related Stability Operations by Nina M. Serafino Pdf
One of the most crucial and difficult tasks in peacekeeping and related stability operations is creating a secure and stable environment, both for the foreign peacekeepers and for the indigenous population. During the past decade, the United States and the international community have tried various approaches to providing that security. Most of these approaches have included the use of United Nations International Civilian Police (UNCIVPOL), whose forces are contributed on a case by case basis by UN member states. (While other countries usually contribute police personnel from their own national forces, the United States contracts those it contributes through a private corporation). In a few cases, such as Afghanistan and Iraq at this time, coalition and US military forces, and not the United Nation, train and work with indigenous police forces to provide security. This book presents an up-to-date evaluation of current issues in peacekeeping.
Peacekeeping and Related Stability Operations by Nina M. Serafino,Foreign Affairs, Defense, and Trade Division Pdf
The second session of the 109th Congress has begun to face decisions regarding the preparation of U.S. military forces for stability missions, a major subset of which is peace operations. The involvement of U.S. military in peacekeeping operations has been opposed by Members of Congress and the Bush Administration. A major issue Congress continues to face is what, if any, adjustments should be made in order for the U.S. military to perform peacekeeping and stability missions -- in Afghanistan, Iraq, or elsewhere -- with less strain on the force, particularly the reserves.
Peacekeeping and Related Stability Operations: Issues of U.S. Military Involvement by Nina M. Serafino Pdf
The 110th Congress may well face several decisions regarding the preparation of U.S. military forces for stability missions, a major subset of which is peace operations. A November 28, 2005, Department of Defense (DOD) directive that designates stability operations as "core missions" of the U.S. military marks a major shift in attitudes regarding peacekeeping and related stability operations (also known as stabilization and reconstruction operations). Since then, DOD has worked to define specific changes that must be made to better accomplish such missions, some of which the U.S. military could implement on its own, while others would require Congressional approval. For well over a decade, some Members of Congress expressed reservations about U.S. military involvement in peacekeeping operations. The Bush Administration initially opposed such missions and took steps to reduce the commitment of U.S. troops to international peacekeeping. This action reflected a major concern of the 1990s: that peacekeeping duties had overtaxed the shrinking U.S. military force and were detrimental to military "readiness" (i.e., the ability of U.S. troops to defend the nation). Many perceived these tasks as an inefficient use of U.S. forces, better left to other nations while the U.S. military concentrated on operations requiring high-intensity combat skills. Others thought that the United States should adjust force size and structure to accommodate the missions.
Department of Defense,U. S. Military,U. S. Army,Peacekeeping and Stability Operations Institute (PKSOI),U. S. Government
Author : Department of Defense,U. S. Military,U. S. Army,Peacekeeping and Stability Operations Institute (PKSOI),U. S. Government Publisher : Unknown Page : 141 pages File Size : 49,8 Mb Release : 2018-04-15 Category : Electronic ISBN : 1980843775
21st Century Peacekeeping and Stability Operations Institute (PKSOI) Papers - Social Capital, Policing and the Rule-of-Law by Department of Defense,U. S. Military,U. S. Army,Peacekeeping and Stability Operations Institute (PKSOI),U. S. Government Pdf
Social Capital, Policing and Rule-of-Law: Keys to Stabilization reflects a breadth of U.S. Army War College Strategy Research papers which tackled tough issues. Stabilization is a process in which personnel identify and mitigate underlying sources of instability to establish the conditions for long-term stability. While long-term development requires stability, stability does not require long-term development. Therefore, stability tasks focus on identifying and targeting the root causes of instability and by building the capacity of local institutions. Stability, ultimately, aims to create conditions such that the local populace regard the overall situations as legitimate, acceptable, and predictable. These conditions consist of: the level of violence; the functioning of governmental, economic, and societal institutions; and the general adherence to local laws, rules, and norms of behavior. Sources of instability manifest themselves locally. First, instability stems from the decreased support for the government, a result of the government failing to meet the expectation of the locals. Second, instability grows from increased support for anti-government elements, a situation that usually occurs when locals see spoilers as those helping to solve the priority grievance(s). Lastly, instability stems from the undermining of the normal functioning of society when the emphasis must be on a return to the established norms. Stability tasks and activities are not things that we have only been doing in Iraq and Afghanistan. There is a long-time recognition that we have been doing this "other stuff" for a long time. But the term(s) keep changing. Professor Bill Flavin, the Chief of Doctrine, Concepts, Education and Training (DCET) at PKSOI and one of the Army's foremost experts in stability operations, has been keeping track of the various terms used to describe stability tasks and activities over the past fifty years. This list includes terms such as: attenuated conflict, nation building, marginal military operations, indirect war, lower-level war, brush fire war, low intensity conflict, constrained operations, and ambiguous war. But the essential message has not changed. That being: there is something, other than offense and defense, that the military always winds up doing. We may not know what to call it, but we know it when we see it. But because we do not know what to call it - we often try to hide it under the rug and keep tripping over it. Only then do we deal with it. But in the interim, we have lost the competencies required to do it well. My fear, and others, is that as we become leaner, we will forget how painful it was to trip over the rug and, once again, lose our hard-earned competencies in the stability arena. Topics and subjects include: Prisons, Afghanistan, Iraq, Timor, Kosovo, Military Police, Provincial Reconstruction Teams (PRTs), Bosnia-Herzegovina, Constabulary forces, counterinsurgency. Contents: Social Capital, Policing and the Rule-of-Law: Keys to Stabilization * INTRODUCTION * 1. SOCIAL CAPITAL AND STABILITY OPERATIONS * 2. HOME GUARD, POLICE AND THE SOCIAL CONTRACT * 3. PROVIDING SECURITY: THE STRATEGIC IMPORTANCE OF POLICING * 4. FOREIGN POLICE DEVELOPMENT: THE THIRD TIME'S THE CHARM * 5. AFGHAN CIVIL POLICE: POLICE INSTEAD OF SOLDIERS * 6. MOUNTING A U.S. CIVIL-MILITARY POLICE FORCE * 7. MILITARY POLICE: THE ANSWER TO THE STABILITY OPERATIONS GAP * 8. PUTTING THE POLICE BACK INTO THE MILITARY POLICE * 9. U.S. ARMY POLICE PROFESSIONALIZATION - RELEVANCY BEYOND 2012 * 10. MEDICAL SUPPORT TO FAILED STATES: START WITH THE PRISONS * 2013 U.S. Intelligence Community Worldwide Threat Assessment - Cyber Threat to Critical Infrastructure, Iran, Nuclear Weapons, Terrorism, al-Qaida, Jihad, WMD, North Korea, Syria, Afghanistan
Preparing the Army for Stability Operations by Thomas S. Szayna,Derek Eaton,Amy Richardson Pdf
Much activity is being aimed at revising the approach to planning and implementing Stabilization, Security, Transition, and Reconstruction (SSTR) operations. The changes are meant to ensure a common U.S. strategy rather than a collection of individual departmental and agency efforts and on involving all available government assets in the effort. The authors find that some elements essential to the success of the process are not yet in place.
Policing in Peacekeeping and Related Stability Operations by Nina M. Serafino Pdf
One of the most crucial and difficult tasks in peacekeeping and related stability operations is creating a secure and stable environment, both for the foreign peacekeepers and for the indigenous population. During the past decade, the U.S. and the international community have tried various approaches to providing that security. Most of these approaches have included the use of U.N. International Civilian Police(UNCIVPOL), whose forces are contributed on a case by case basis by U.N. Member states. In a few cases, such as Afghanistan and Iraq at this time (2005), coalition and U.S. military forces, and not the U.N., train and work with indigenous police forces to provide security. Contents of this 2005 report: (1) Introduction; (2) Acronyms; (3) Background: Evolution of Roles and Functions; Problem Areas: System and Security Gaps; (4) Current Systems and Reforms: U.N. Civilian Police System; U.S. Civilian Police Program; European Reforms; (5) Options for Congress; (6) Appendices: Policing in Selected U.N. Peacekeeping and Related Operations: 1989-2004; Historical Background. This is a print on demand report.
Peacekeeping in Africa by Oliver Furley,Roy May Pdf
First published in 1998, Peacekeeping in Africa was written to help make up the shortfall in the number of books that concentrated specifically on peacekeeping in Africa. The book covers the main peacekeeping operations of Africa, and provides a wealth of background material. In doing so, it explores the policies and actions of the international organisations concerned and the participating African states. It also considers the impact of sub-regional powers and the role of the USA, Britain, and France. Comprising three parts, Peacekeeping in Africa examines world perspectives, case studies, and wider issues surrounding Africa’s peacekeeping operations.
Naval Peacekeeping and Humanitarian Operations by James J. Wirtz,Jeffrey A. Larsen Pdf
This edited volume explores stability, security, transition and reconstruction operations (SSTR), highlighting the challenges and opportunities they create for the US Navy. The book argues that SSTR operations are challenging because they create new missions and basing modes, and signal a return to traditional naval methods of operation. Mission accomplishment requires collaboration with a wide range of actors representing governmental, non-governmental and commercial organizations, which often creates politically and bureaucratically charged issues for those involved. However, although from a traditional warfighting perspective, stability operations might be viewed as having little to do with preparing for high-intensity conventional combat, these kinds of operations in fact correspond to traditional missions related to diplomacy, engagement, maritime domain awareness, piracy and smuggling, and intervention to quell civil disturbances. SSTR operations can be therefore depicted as a return to traditional naval operations, albeit operations that might not be universally welcomed in all quarters.
Peacekeeping and the African Union by Jude Cocodia Pdf
This book offers a detailed examination of the effectiveness of the peacekeeping operations of the African Union. Despite its growing reputation in peacekeeping and its status as the oldest continental peacekeeper, the performance of the African Union (AU) has hitherto not been assessed. This book fills that gap and analyses six case studies: Burundi, Comoros, Somalia, Mali, Darfur and the Central African Republic. From a methodological perspective it takes a problem-solving approach and utilises process tracing in its analysis, with its standard for success resting on achieving negative peace (the cessation of violence and provision of security). Theoretically, this study offers a comprehensive list of factors drawn from peace literature and field experience which influence the outcome of peacekeeping. Beyond the major issues, such as funding, international collaboration and mandate, this work also examines the impact of largely ignored factors such as force integrity and territory size. The book modifies the claim of peace literature on what matters for success and advocates the indispensability of domestic elite cooperation, local initiative and international political will. It recognises the necessity of factors such as lead state and force integrity for certain peace operations. In bringing these factors together, this study expands the peacekeeping debate on what matters for stability in conflict areas. This book will be of much interest to students of peacekeeping, African politics, war and conflict studies, and International Relations in general.
Author : United States Institute of Peace Publisher : US Institute of Peace Press Page : 244 pages File Size : 53,5 Mb Release : 2009 Category : History ISBN : 9781601270467
Guiding Principles for Stabilization and Reconstruction by United States Institute of Peace Pdf
Claude Chabrol's second film follows the fortunes of two cousins: Charles, a hard-working student who has arrived in Paris from his small hometown; and Paul, the dedicated hedonist who puts him up. Despite their differences in temperament, the two young men strike up a close friendship, until an attractive woman comes between them.
Protection of Civilians by Haidi Willmot,Ralph Mamiya,Scott Sheeran,Marc Weller Pdf
The protection of civilians is a highly topical issue at the forefront of international discourse, and has taken a prominent role in many international deployments. It has been at the center of debates on the NATO intervention in Libya, UN deployments in Darfur, South Sudan, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and on the failures of the international community in Sri Lanka and Syria. Variously described as a moral responsibility, a legal obligation, a mandated peacekeeping task, and the culmination of humanitarian activity, it has become a high-profile concern of governments, international organizations, and civil society, and a central issue in international peace and security. This book offers a multidisciplinary treatment of this important topic, harnessing perspectives from international law and international relations, traversing academia and practice. Moving from the historical and philosophical development of the civilian protection concept, through relevant bodies of international law and normative underpinnings, and on to politics and practice, the volume presents coherent cross-cutting analysis of the realities of conflict and diplomacy. In doing so, it engages a series of current debates, including on the role of politics in what has often been characterized as a humanitarian endeavor, and the challenges and impacts of the use of force. The work brings together a wide array of eminent academics and respected practitioners, incorporating contributions from legal scholars and ethicists, political commentators, diplomats, UN officials, military commanders, development experts and humanitarian aid workers. As the most comprehensive publication on the subject, this will be a first port of call for anyone studying or working towards a better protection of civilians in conflict.
Trevor Findlay,Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Author : Trevor Findlay,Stockholm International Peace Research Institute Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand Page : 486 pages File Size : 52,5 Mb Release : 2002 Category : Law ISBN : 0198292821
The Use of Force in UN Peace Operations by Trevor Findlay,Stockholm International Peace Research Institute Pdf
One of the most vexing issues that has faced the international community since the end of the Cold War has been the use of force by the United Nations peacekeeping forces. UN intervention in civil wars, as in Somalia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Rwanda, has thrown into stark relief the difficulty of peacekeepers operating in situations where consent to their presence and activities is fragile or incomplete and where there is little peace to keep. Complex questions arise in these circumstances. When and how should peacekeepers use force to protect themselves, to protect their mission, or, most troublingly, to ensure compliance by recalcitrant parties with peace accords? Is a peace enforcement role for peacekeepers possible or is this simply war by another name? Is there a grey zone between peacekeeping and peace enforcement? Trevor Findlay reveals the history of the use of force by UN peacekeepers from Sinai in the 1950s to Haiti in the 1990s. He untangles the arguments about the use of force in peace operations and sets these within the broader context of military doctrine and practice. Drawing on these insights the author examines proposals for future conduct of UN operations, including the formulation of UN peacekeeping doctrine and the establishment of a UN rapid reaction force.
