People S Republic Of China Macao Special Administrative Region 2022 Article Iv Consultation Discussions

Author : International Monetary,International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2022-04-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400206610

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People’s Republic of China—Macao Special Administrative Region: 2022 Article IV Consultation Discussions by International Monetary,International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept Pdf

Macao SAR’s recovery is expected to continue in 2022, but it will take several years before the economy returns to its pre-crisis level. Although strong fiscal support and the financial strength of Macao SAR’s casino groups cushioned employment and consumption, the sharp contraction in activity exposed Macao SAR’s vulnerability to external forces affecting the inflow of tourists. Short-term risks to the outlook include a re-intensification of the COVID-19 pandemic and an increase in Macao SAR’s financial sector stress. The heavy impact of the pandemic on Macao SAR’s growth highlights the need to diversify the economy beyond the gaming industry. The high exposure to climate-related shocks poses long-term concerns.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2024-06-26
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1323439114

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People's Republic of China-Hong Kong Special Administrative Region by Anonim Pdf

Author : International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 89 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2019-12-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513524627

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People's Republic of China-Hong Kong Special Administrative Region by International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept Pdf

This 2019 Article IV Consultation with People’s Republic of China—Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR) discusses that the economy is projected to start recovering next year, but the pace is expected to be gradual and both near- and medium-term risks have increased significantly, including from trade and technology tensions, ongoing social unrest, and structural challenges of insufficient housing supply and high income inequality. Hong Kong SAR is well placed to address both cyclical and structural challenges with its significant buffers thanks to its long history of prudent macroeconomic policies. Given that the fiscal framework permits deficits during economic downturns, government spending should be increased significantly in the areas of social safety nets, education/retraining, and infrastructure to cope with the cyclical downturn and address structural challenges of insufficient housing and high-income inequality. This should be complemented with measures to ensure fiscal sustainability and greater equity.

Author : International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Publisher : INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2014-05-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1498343791

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People’s Republic of China—Hong Kong Special Administrative Region by International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept Pdf

This 2014 Article IV Consultation highlights that Hong Kong Special Administrative Region’s (HKSAR) growth recovered to 2.9 percent in 2013 as resilient domestic demand helped offset the continued drag from net exports. As the global recovery takes hold, external demand is forecast to improve and lift growth to about 33⁄4 percent in 2014, although domestic demand remains solid. Inflation is expected to remain at about 4 percent, given the slow pass-through of housing costs. In line with the improved economic outlook, the 2014/15 budget includes a reduction in one-off measures of about 1.9 percent of GDP.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 54 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Hong Kong (China)
ISBN : STANFORD:36105112774810

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People's Republic of China--Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Staff Report for the ... Article IV Consultation Discussions by Anonim Pdf

Author : International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 59 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2024-05-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400276170

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People’s Republic of China—Macao Special Administrative Region by International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept Pdf

Macao SAR’s growth is expected to remain strong in the near term despite the recent slowdown. Continued recovery of the gaming sector will shape Macao SAR’s near-term outlook. A stronger slump in the Mainland’s property sector and higher-for-longer interest rates in the major economies are the main short-term risks to the outlook. The secular growth slowdown in Mainland China could weigh on Macao SAR’s medium-term growth. Moreover, medium-term growth could be adversely affected by extreme climate events. The authorities have stepped up their efforts to diversify Macao SAR’s economy, which, if successful, could mitigate some of the risks to the medium-term growth.

Author : International Monetary Fund
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2005-02-21
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1451816928

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People's Republic of China--Hong Kong Special Administrative Region by International Monetary Fund Pdf

This 2004 Article IV Consultation highlights that after a period of prolonged weakness in economic activity, persistent deflation and rising fiscal deficits, the macroeconomic outlook for Hong Kong Special Administrative Region has improved significantly since mid-2003. The recovery has gained significant momentum and become broad-based in 2004. The consolidated fiscal deficit for FY2004/05 is now projected at about 13⁄4 percent of GDP, compared with the budget target of about 5 percent of GDP. The improvement relative to the budget is on account of buoyant revenue performance and continued expenditure restraint.

Author : International Monetary,International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 43 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2022-04-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400206962

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People’s Republic of China—Macao Special Administrative Region: Selected Issues by International Monetary,International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept Pdf

People’s Republic of China—Macao Special Administrative Region: Selected Issues

Author : International Monetary,International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 81 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2022-03-07
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9798400202971

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People’s Republic of China—Hong Kong Special Administrative Region: 2022 Article IV Consultation Discussions-Press Release; and Staff Report by International Monetary,International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept Pdf

Hong Kong SAR’s economy is recovering strongly as ample policy space has allowed the enaction of swift and bold policy responses to address the unprecedented crisis emanating from multiple shocks, including notably the pandemic. But the recovery remains uneven, with private consumption lagging, owing, in part, to a zero- COVID tolerance approach. The financial sector has remained resilient supported by significant buffers, strong institutional frameworks, and a well-functioning Linked Exchange Rate System (LERS). Increasing financial linkages with Mainland China bring both opportunities and challenges for growth and financial stability.

Author : Elmar Giemulla,Ronald Schmid,Regula Dettling-Ott,Wolf Müller-Rostin
Publisher : Kluwer Law International B.V.
Page : 894 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2022-09-23
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789403543215

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Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules for International Carriage by Air, Done at Montreal on 28 May 1999 (Montreal Convention of 1999) by Elmar Giemulla,Ronald Schmid,Regula Dettling-Ott,Wolf Müller-Rostin Pdf

After decades of controversy, a unified liability system for international carriage by air was established by the Montreal Convention of 1999, which went into force in November 2003. The new convention replaced the legal labyrinth created by the numerous perplexing accretions that had attached themselves to the Warsaw Convention. In this indispensable volume, air law professionals will find the full English text of the Convention with detailed article-by-article annotation, including all developments to date in case law, legal literature, national and international legislation, and administrative law. The commentary covers ongoing developments in such crucial aspects as the following: applicability of the Convention; documents for carriage; liability for death or injury of passengers; liability for damages to baggage and cargo and for delay; exoneration from liability; carriage involving a contractual and an actual carrier; time limits for filing a claim and forfeiture; jurisdiction; exclusivity of the Convention versus applicability of national law; and insurance issues. In addition to the article-by-article annotation, the book features such useful information as a synopsis comparing the Warsaw and Montreal Conventions, IATA Conditions and Resolutions, relevant European Union Regulations, and a list of the contracting parties to the Convention. Given that the Montreal Convention’s application during its first 20 years has already documented a promising and forceful new beginning in the complex area of air transport liability, this incomparable research tool will provide an enormous wealth of information and guidance for anyone who deals with legal issues arising from civil air law, including lawyers, policymakers, insurers and academics.

Author : UNESCO
Publisher : UNESCO Publishing
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2022-12-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789231005374

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UNESCO Creative Cities' Response to COVID-19 by UNESCO Pdf

Author : International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2019-01-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484395776

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People’s Republic of China-Hong Kong Special Administrative Region by International Monetary Fund. Asia and Pacific Dept Pdf

This Selected Issues paper discusses income inequality in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (SAR). Income inequality in Hong Kong SAR remains high, despite declining recently. Redistributive policies implemented by the authorities have helped to lower income inequality. However, inequality is likely to rise in the medium-term due to aging and thus more needs to be done. A package of policies could lower the Gini index by 3–4 points by 2050 including: more progressive salaries tax; higher reliance on recurrent property taxes; and increased public expenditure on social welfare, health, housing, education and childcare. According to recent evidence in the literature, these policies could also boost growth by 0.2–0.5 percentage points per year. Public spending on social welfare could continue to be raised to boost redistribution and increase access of poorer households. Spending on education and childcare should be raised to help lower the market income inequality directly. The commissioned study aiming to determine the demand and supply for childcare services and map out the long-term service development programs, as well as the initiatives mentioned in the 2018 Policy Address, should help in this regard.

Author : Narek Ghazaryan,Mr. Alexei Goumilevski,Mr. Joannes Mongardini,Aneta Radzikowski
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 63 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2021-12-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781616357634

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Another Piece of the Puzzle: Adding Swift Data on Documentary Collections to the Short-Term Forecast of World Trade by Narek Ghazaryan,Mr. Alexei Goumilevski,Mr. Joannes Mongardini,Aneta Radzikowski Pdf

This paper extends earlier research by adding SWIFT data on documentary collections to the short-term forecast of international trade. While SWIFT documentary collections accounted for just over one percent of world trade financing in 2020, they have strong explanatory power to forecast world trade and national trade in selected economies. The informational content from documentary collections helps improve the forecast of world trade, while a horse race with machine learning algorithms shows significant non-linearities between trade and its determinants during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Author : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.,International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 56 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2019-06-14
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781498318884

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A Strategy for IMF Engagement on Social Spending by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.,International Monetary Fund. Strategy, Policy, & Review Department Pdf

Interest in social spending issues has intensified over the last decade. This reflects concerns about rising inequality and the need to support vulnerable groups, especially in the aftermath of the global financial crisis. In line with this, the Fund has also increased its engagement on social spending issues. This paper outlines a strategy to guide IMF engagement on social spending issues going forward.

Author : Alessia Amighini
Publisher : Ledizioni
Page : 126 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2021-07-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9788855265232

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China After Covid-19 by Alessia Amighini Pdf

The coronavirus pandemic that has rocked China since December 2019 has posed a gruelling test for the resilience of the country’s national economy. Now, as China emerges from its Covid-induced “recession”, it feels like the worst is behind it. How did China manage to come out almost unscathed from the worst crisis in over a century?This Report examines how China designed and implemented its post-Covid recovery strategy, focussing on both the internal and external challenges the country had to face over the short- and medium-run.The book offers a comprehensive argument suggesting that, despite China having lost economic and political capital during the crisis, Beijing seems to have been strengthened by the “pandemic test”, thus becoming an even more challenging “partner, competitor and rival” for Western countries.