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Author : Darcia Narváez,Daniel K. Lapsley
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 465 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2009-06-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780521895071
This edited volume features cutting-edge work in moral psychology by pre-eminent scholars in moral self-identity, moral character, and moral personality.
Author : Morton A. Kaplan
Publisher : Professors World Peace Academy
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Character
ISBN : 1885118112
Examines the development of identity and characterThis book examines the development of identity and character in the context of society. Part I examines personality formation from the rich literature of the social sciences, especially psychology, sociology and anthropology. How is the conscience formed? What is the role of society-the family, the schools, religion, mass media, the state, and globalityin the formation of morally and civically responsible citizens? Part II looks at historical and literary figures and their own formation in the context of their societies. These include eight influential social leadersThatcher, Churchill, Tojo, Mandela, Kenyatta, de Gasperi, Judd, and Tagoreand three literary charactersCordelia from King Lear, Okwonko from Things Fall Apart, and Ahab from Moby Dick.
Author : Giampiero Arciero,Guido Bondolfi
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2009-08-14
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0470749369
A key text for Psychiatrists, psychologists, psychotherapists, as well as trainees in the area. Presenting a clinical model which has close connections with American constructivist psychotherapy and Bowlby’s Attachment Theory. Delineates a set of principles in the study of consciousness that place the first-person perspective at the heart of the analysis of emotional disorders Differentiates six personality styles, describing the origin of the subjective emotional experience; the ordering and the regulation of the emotional domain, and the psychopathological disorders Provides neuroscientific evidence showing that brain activity could be related to personality styles Praise for Selfhood, Identity and Personality Styles: “Arciero and Bondolfi show in fine detail how the sense of self emerges in first- and second-person experiences, forming a dynamic, emotive and narrative identity; they then brilliantly demonstrate how this self-identity gets distorted and disrupted in the pathologies that directly undermine this process. This is a landmark study that brings together materials from multiple disciplines. Their analysis provides a clear account of how our existential being-in-the-world is modulated by narrative practices. They show how the ongoing construction of personality delineated by the various emotional tendencies that are sedimented in the individual’s life comes to be reflected in personal narrative. Arciero and Bondolfi continuously make insightful connections between research in developmental psychology, neuroscience, and emotion studies and then carry these basic insights into the realm of psychiatry. The psychiatric analyses offered here are thus enriched by clinical vignettes and enlightened by the integration of philosophical (especially phenomenological and hermeneutical), psychological, neuroscientific, and literary dimensions”. Shaun Gallagher, Professor of Philosophy, University of Central Florida “Arciero and Bondolfi have written a timely, thought-provoking and challenging book, providing the reader with a refreshingly new account of Self-identity and its disorders. A cogent and novel contribution to psychiatric thought that wonderfully integrates philosophy, psychopathology and contemporary neuroscience. This book will push psychiatry in new directions. A must read!.” Vittorio Gallese, Professor of Human Physiology, University of Parma ,Italy “Selfhood, Identity, and Personality Styles is a highly ambitious work of theoretical synthesis: neuroscience, phenomenology, and social constructionism are joined together with the study of both literature and psychopathology. Arciero and Bondolfi offer sophisticated and intriguing discussions not only of mirror neurons and developmental psychology, but also of ideas from Aristotle, Kant, and Heidegger, of characters from Dostoevsky, Kleist, and Pessoa, and of patients from clinical practice. A ground-breaking, first attempt to show the relevance of the interdisciplinary study of basic self-experience for our understanding of character styles and personality disorders.” Louis A. Sass, Professor of Clinical Psychology, Rutgers University “This is a scholarly book which will provide the reader with plenty to chew on. This book will make you think, will illuminate how people function and will help you understand how self disordered experience, such as the feeling that one disappears or doesn’t exist when another leaves, occurs. The authors tackle with great sophistication, the big questions of how sameness, changing experience and temporality are woven together by language and narrative. Refusing to be reduced to the simplicity of objectivist account of functioning they o
Author : Howard Kamler
Publisher : SUNY Press
Page : 368 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1994-01-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0791422119
This book tells the reader all about psychological identification, the single most important process for becoming, maintaining, or changing who we are as characters. The book's emphasis, though, is decidedly on identification's role in our becoming who we are. It is one thing for people to have an image of who they are or of who they would like to be, it is quite another for them to actually become that image. Through genuinely identifying with these sorts of things, we turn what otherwise would be mere mental pictures of traits into character traits that we psychologically own. Readable to laypersons as well as to academicians, this book offers a new perspective for understanding the formation and nature of human character. Kamler also discusses some important issues in psychoanalysis and philosophy. He clarifies the current psychoanalytic debate about identification's place among the primitive processes of self development; offers new ways of looking at the relationship between the infant self and the adult character; and addresses topics such as personal identity and identity crisis. In addition, the book speaks to a current philosophical debate about the fundamental nature of self, offering the author's own thesis and showing how all the protagonists in the discussion share a basically flawed position about the role that having values plays in our being persons.
Author : Nick Totton,Michael Jacobs
Publisher : Open University Press
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Psychology
ISBN : UOM:39015053100270
It is very difficult for the student or practitioner to find their way through the jungle of different personality typographies that has sprung up in the field of psychotherapy; and even harder for them to find a point of sufficient height above the forest canopy to get their bearings in order to compare one system with another. This volume offers such an observation point together with some possible mappings. It surveys how different schools of therapy approach a basic topic, the differences that exist between people - including their attitudes, feelings, concerns and talents. It examines different systematic and non-systematic approaches to identifying different types of human being, exploring whether there are systematic ways in which humans vary, how we can assess the merit of different typologies, and whether personality typing is a helpful approach to therapy. Character and Personality Types looks in detail at the arguments for and against the use of typologies of character and personality as a clinical tool; and offers general criteria for judging the merits of particular personality systems, as well as exploring the possibility of a wider synthesis.
Author : John R Absher,Jasmin Cloutier
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2016-01-30
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128011669
Neuroimaging Personality, Social Cognition, and Character covers the science of combining brain imaging with other analytical techniques for use in understanding cognition, behavior, consciousness, memory, language, visual perception, emotional control, and other human attributes. Multidimensional brain imaging research has led to a greater understanding of character traits such as honesty, generosity, truthfulness, and foresight previously unachieved by quantitative mapping. This book summarizes the latest brain imaging research pertaining to character with structural and functional human brain imaging in both normal individuals and those with brain disease or disorder, including psychiatric disorders. By reviewing and synthesizing the latest structural and functional brain imaging research related to character, this book situates itself into the larger framework of cognitive neuroscience, psychiatric neuroimaging, related fields of research, and a wide range of academic fields, such as politics, psychology, medicine, education, law, and religion. Provides a novel innovative reference on the emerging use of neuroimaging to reveal the biological substrates of character, such as optimism, honesty, generosity, and others Features chapters from leading physicians and researchers in the field Contains full-color text that includes both an overview of multiple disciplines and a detailed review of modern neuroimaging tools as they are applied to study human character Presents an integrative volume with far-reaching implications for guiding future imaging research in the social, psychological and medical sciences, and for applying these findings to a wide range of non-clinical disciplines such as law, politics, and religion Connects brain structure and function to human character and integrates modern neuroimaging techniques and other research methods for this purpose
Author : Christopher Peterson,Martin E. P. Seligman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 816 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2004-04-08
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0198037333
"Character" has become a front-and-center topic in contemporary discourse, but this term does not have a fixed meaning. Character may be simply defined by what someone does not do, but a more active and thorough definition is necessary, one that addresses certain vital questions. Is character a singular characteristic of an individual, or is it composed of different aspects? Does character--however we define it--exist in degrees, or is it simply something one happens to have? How can character be developed? Can it be learned? Relatedly, can it be taught, and who might be the most effective teacher? What roles are played by family, schools, the media, religion, and the larger culture? This groundbreaking handbook of character strengths and virtues is the first progress report from a prestigious group of researchers who have undertaken the systematic classification and measurement of widely valued positive traits. They approach good character in terms of separate strengths-authenticity, persistence, kindness, gratitude, hope, humor, and so on-each of which exists in degrees. Character Strengths and Virtues classifies twenty-four specific strengths under six broad virtues that consistently emerge across history and culture: wisdom, courage, humanity, justice, temperance, and transcendence. Each strength is thoroughly examined in its own chapter, with special attention to its meaning, explanation, measurement, causes, correlates, consequences, and development across the life span, as well as to strategies for its deliberate cultivation. This book demands the attention of anyone interested in psychology and what it can teach about the good life.
Author : Becca Puglisi,Angela Ackerman
Publisher : JADD Publishing
Page : 517 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2013-10-21
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780989772532
It’s a writer’s job to create compelling characters who can withstand life’s fallout without giving up. But building authentic, memorable heroes is no easy task. To forge realistic characters, we must hobble them with flaws that set them back while giving them positive attributes to help them achieve their goals. So how do writers choose the right blend of strengths for their characters—attributes that will render them admirable and worth rooting for—without making it too easy for them to succeed? Character creation can be hard, but it’s about to get a lot easier. Inside The Positive Trait Thesaurus, you’ll find: * A large selection of attributes to choose from when building a personality profile. Each entry lists possible causes for why a trait might emerge, along with associated attitudes, behaviors, thoughts, and emotions * Real character examples from literature, film, or television to show how an attribute drives actions and decisions, influences goals, and steers relationships * Advice on using positive traits to immediately hook readers while avoiding common personality pitfalls * Insight on human needs and morality, and how each determines the strengths that emerge in heroes and villains alike * Information on the key role positive attributes play within the character arc, and how they’re vital to overcoming fatal flaws and achieving success * Downloadable tools for organizing a character’s attributes and providing a deeper understanding of his past, his needs, and the emotional wounds he must overcome If you find character creation difficult or worry that your cast members all seem the same, The Positive Trait Thesaurus is brimming with ideas to help you develop one-of-a-kind, dynamic characters that readers will love. Extensively indexed, with entries written in a user-friendly list format, this brainstorming resource is perfect for any character creation project.
Author : Brian R. Little
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2017-08-15
Category : Body, Mind & Spirit
ISBN : 9781501119965
"Traditionally, scientists have emphasized what they call the first and second natures of personality--genes and culture, respectively. But today the field of personality science has moved well beyond the nature vs. nurture debate. In Who Are You, Really? Dr. Brian Little presents a distinctive view of how personality shapes our lives--and why this matters. Little makes the case for a third nature to the human condition--the pursuit of personal projects, idealistic dreams, and creative ventures that shape both people's lives and their personalities. Little uncovers what personality science has been discovering about the role of personal projects, revealing how this new concept can help people better understand themselves and shape their lives"--Provided by publisher.
Author : Laura M. Padilla-Walker,Gustavo Carlo
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 498 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780199964772
Examines a variety of biological, socialization, and contextual influences on prosocial development from infancy through young adulthood. While the definition of prosocial behavior may seem straight forward, recent research has highlighted its multifaceted nature. This volume specifically focuses on the multidimensionality of prosocial development, examining different contexts, motivations, types, and targets of prosocial behavior that are differentially predicted by socialization and dispositional characteristics.
Author : Florian Coulmas
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2019-02-15
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780192563613
Identity has become one of the most widely used terms today, appearing in many different contexts. Anything and everything has an identity, and identity crises have become almost equally pervasive. Yet 'identity' is extremely versatile, meaning different things to different people and in different scientific disciplines. To many its meaning seems self-evident, since its various uses share common features, so often the term is used without a definition of what, exactly, is meant by it. This provokes the core question: What exactly is identity? In this Very Short Introduction Florian Coulmas provides a survey of the many faces of the concept of identity, and discusses its significance and varied meanings in the fields of philosophy, sociology, and psychology, as well as politics and law. Tracing our concern with identity to its deep roots in Europe's intellectual history, individualism, and the felt need to draw borderlines, Coulmas identifies the most important features used to mark off individual and collective identities, and demonstrates why they are deemed important. He concludes with a glimpse at the many ways in which literature has engaged with problems of identity throughout history. ABOUT THE SERIES: The Very Short Introductions series from Oxford University Press contains hundreds of titles in almost every subject area. These pocket-sized books are the perfect way to get ahead in a new subject quickly. Our expert authors combine facts, analysis, perspective, new ideas, and enthusiasm to make interesting and challenging topics highly readable.
Author : Armando Molina
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 205 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2021-11-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789004495081
This book develops a remarkable axiological characterology of healthy personality types, distortions, and styles of sexual attachment. It synthesizes the author's profound understanding of human nature, recent psychological interpretations of the ancient Enneagram, and insights into connections between values and psychology drawn from Robert S. Hartman's formal theory of value. It shows how personalities are differentiated by the ways they manifest Hartman's three dimensions of value: intrinsic, extrinsic, and systemic. It shows how these correlate with nine personality types identified by Enneagram interpreters. Human personalities differ with respect to the ways in which intrinsic, extrinsic, and systemic values are developed (or not developed) and ordered (as dominant or subordinate) within individuals by nature and/or nurture. The book shows how personality distortions are grounded in perversions of value orientation. It shows how a value-based approach to character disorders can be linked to moral vices and to many familiar diagnostic and therapeutic psychological categories like obsession, hysteria, schizophrenia, neurosis, and various addictions. It explains the many ways in which value orientations are expressed in sexual attitudes and relations, and how value-based character traits that dominate the non-sexual areas of our lives are carried over into the sexual areas.
Author : Daniel K. Lapsley,Darcia Narv ez
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 371 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2004-04-26
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135632335
Augusto Blasi's pioneering work has transformed the research agenda in moral psychology. Lapsley (Ball State University) and Narvaez (University of Notre Dame) present essays by an interdisciplinary group of international scholars working in moral development who use Blasi's work as a starting point to examine the psychological, social- relational,
Author : Craig E. Johnson
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 872 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2017-01-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781506321646
Ethics is at the heart of leadership. All leaders assume ethical burdens and must make every effort to make informed ethical decisions and foster ethical behavior among followers. The Sixth Edition of Meeting the Ethical Challenges of Leadership: Casting Light or Shadow explores the ethical demands of leadership and the dark side of leadership. Author Craig E. Johnson takes a multidisciplinary approach to leadership ethics, drawing from many fields of research to help readers make moral decisions, lead in a moral manner, and create an ethical culture. Packed with real-world case studies, examples, self-assessments, and applications, this fully-updated new edition is designed to increase students’ ethical competence and leadership abilities.
Author : Christian B. Miller
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 366 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2013-05-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191656088
Christian Miller presents a new account of moral character. Most of our friends, colleagues, and even family members are not virtuous people. They do not have virtues such as compassion, honesty, or courage. But at the same time, they are not vicious people either. They do not have vices such as cruelty, dishonesty, or cowardice. Instead most people today have characters which do not qualify as either virtuous or vicious. They have many positive moral features, but also many negative ones too. Our characters are decidedly mixed, and are much more complex than we might have thought. On the one hand, many of us would kill an innocent person in a matter of minutes under pressure from an authority figure as part of a psychology study. Or we would pretend to not see someone collapse from an apparent heart attack across the street. Or we would make a wide circle around someone's dropped papers rather than stop to help pick them up. Yet it is also true that many of us would help another person when we are by ourselves and hear sounds of a non-ambiguous emergency in the next room. Or we would come to the aid of a friend when feeling empathy for her need, and do so for altruistic rather than egoistic reasons. In Moral Character: An Empirical Theory Miller outlines a new picture of our moral character which involves what are called Mixed Character Traits. This picture can help make sense of how most of us are less than virtuous people but also morally better than the vicious.