Photovoltaics For Space

Author : Sheila G. Bailey,Aloysius F. Hepp,Dale Ferguson,Ryne P. Raffaelle,Steven M. Durbin
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 536 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2022-10-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128233016

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Photovoltaics for Space by Sheila G. Bailey,Aloysius F. Hepp,Dale Ferguson,Ryne P. Raffaelle,Steven M. Durbin Pdf

PV has traditionally been used for electric power in space. Solar panels on spacecraft are usually the sole source of power to run the sensors, active heating and cooling, and communications. Photovoltaics for Space: Key Issues, Missions and Alternative Technologies provides an overview of the challenges to efficiently produce solar power in near-Earth space and beyond: the materials and device architectures that have been developed to surmount these environmental and mission-specific barriers. The book is organized in four sections consisting of detailed introductory and background content as well as a collection of in-depth space environment, materials processing, technology, and mission overviews by international experts. This book will detail how to design and optimize a space power system’s performance for power-to-weight ratio, effectiveness at end of operational life (EOL) compared to beginning of operational life (BOL), and specific mission objectives and goals. This book outlines the knowledge required for practitioners and advanced students interested in learning about the background, materials, devices, environmental challenges, missions, and future for photovoltaics for space exploration. Provides an update to state-of-the-art and emerging solar cell technologies Features comprehensive coverage of solar cells for space exploration and materials/device technology options available Explains the extreme conditions and mission challenges to overcome when using photovoltaics in space

Author : Hans S. Rauschenbach
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 560 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401179157

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Solar Cell Array Design Handbook by Hans S. Rauschenbach Pdf

Author : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Publisher : Independently Published
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2018-12-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 1792663196

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Issues and Opportunities in Space Photovoltaics by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa Pdf

Space power sources are becoming a central focus for determining man's potential and schedule for exploring and utilizing the benefits of space. The ability to search, probe, survey, and communicate throughout the universe will depend on providing adequate power to the instruments to do these jobs. Power requirements for space platforms are increasing and will continue to increase into the 21st century. Photovoltaics have been a dependable power source for space for the last 30 years and have served as the primary source of power on virtually all DOD and NASA satellites. The performance of silicon (Si) solar cells has increased from 10 percent air mass zero (AM0) solar energy conversion efficiency in the early 60's to almost 15 percent on today's spacecraft. Some technologists even think that the potential for solar photovoltaics has reached a plateau. However, present and near-future Air Force and NASA requirements show needs that, if the problems are looked upon as opportunities, can elevate the photovoltaic power source scientist and array structure engineer into the next technological photovoltaic growth curve. Francis, Robert W. and Somerville, W. A. and Flood, Dennis J. Glenn Research Center NASA-TM-101425, E-4526, NAS 1.15:101425 RTOP 506-41-11...

Author : John Perlin
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Nature
ISBN : 0674010132

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From Space to Earth by John Perlin Pdf

From Space to Earth tracks the evolution of the technology of photovoltaics, the use of solar cells to convert the sun's energy into electricity. John Perlin's painstaking research results in a fascinating account of the development of this technology, from its shaky nineteenth-century beginnings mired in scientific controversy to its high-visibility success in the space program, to its current position as a versatile and promising power source.

Author : Augustin McEvoy,Tom Markvart,Luis Castañer,Luis Castaner
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 1269 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780123859341

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Practical Handbook of Photovoltaics by Augustin McEvoy,Tom Markvart,Luis Castañer,Luis Castaner Pdf

This handbook opens with an overview of solar radiation and how its energy can be tapped using photovoltaic cells. Other chapters cover the technology, manufacture and application of PV cells in real situations. The book ends by exploring the economic and business aspects of PV systems.

Author : Soteris Kalogirou
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 1340 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2017-08-24
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780128103975

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McEvoy's Handbook of Photovoltaics by Soteris Kalogirou Pdf

Practical Handbook of Photovoltaics, Third Edition, is a 'benchmark' publication for those involved in the design, manufacture and use of these devices. This fully revised handbook includes brand new sections on smart grids, net metering and the modeling of photovoltaic systems, as well as fully revised content on developments in photovoltaic applications, the economics of PV manufacturing and updated chapters on solar cell function, raw materials, photovoltaic standards, calibration and testing, all with new examples and case studies. The editor has assembled internationally-respected contributors from industry and academia around the world to make this a truly global reference. It is essential reading for electrical engineers, designers of systems, installers, architects, policymakers and physicists working with photovoltaics. Presents a cast of international experts from industry and academia to ensure the highest quality information from multiple stakeholder perspectives Covers all things photovoltaics, from the principles of solar cell function and their raw materials, to the installation and design of full photovoltaic systems Includes case studies, practical examples, and reports on the latest advances and worldwide applications

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board,Committee for the Assessment of NASA's Space Solar Power Investment Strategy
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 94 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2001-11-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309075978

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Laying the Foundation for Space Solar Power by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board,Committee for the Assessment of NASA's Space Solar Power Investment Strategy Pdf

In March 2000, NASA's Office of Space Flight asked the Aeronautics and Space Engineering Board of the National Research Council to perform an independent assessment of the space solar power program's technology investment strategy to determine its technical soundness and its contribution to the roadmap that NASA has developed for this program. The program's investment strategy was to be evaluated in the context of its likely effectiveness in meeting the program's technical and economic objectives.

Author : Nathan Snyder
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 650 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780323143967

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Space Power Systems by Nathan Snyder Pdf

Space Power Systems covers systems based on the three primary sources of energy of practical value, namely, solar, nuclear, and chemical sources. This book is organized into four parts encompassing 32 chapters that also explore the requirements for space power. Part A presents the general aspects of solar cell power systems based on the work performed for US space vehicles that are to be placed in orbit. This part specifically considers a graph showing the variation of characteristic parameters of the solar cell battery storage system as a function of flight altitude. Considerable chapters in this part are devoted to the solar cell power plant for the space vehicles ADVENT, RANGER, TIROS, and TRANSIT. The remaining chapters provide a detailed analysis of the physics and engineering of solar panel and solar mirror design. Part B contains a series of papers involving the various aspects of the Atomic Energy Commission SNAP (Systems for Nuclear Auxiliary Power) program. Many details are presented for the 3 kw, liquid metal, turbo-machinery SNAP II power systems covering subjects from the basic concept through vehicle integration and safety aspects. Significant chapters in this part discuss the compact and apparently highly reliable radioisotope thermoelectric generator. Part C highlights the methods of storing and expelling high energy cryogenic fuels, which can provide from two to five times more energy per unit weight than the silver-zinc primary battery. Part D provides an interesting and useful estimation of the many requirements that are likely to become firm for space vehicles. Space vehicle engineers, designers, and researchers will find this book invaluable.

Author : Antonio Luque,Steven Hegedus
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 1172 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2011-01-31
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780470721698

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Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering by Antonio Luque,Steven Hegedus Pdf

The most comprehensive, authoritative and widely cited reference on photovoltaic solar energy Fully revised and updated, the Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering, Second Edition incorporates the substantial technological advances and research developments in photovoltaics since its previous release. All topics relating to the photovoltaic (PV) industry are discussed with contributions by distinguished international experts in the field. Significant new coverage includes: three completely new chapters and six chapters with new authors device structures, processing, and manufacturing options for the three major thin film PV technologies high performance approaches for multijunction, concentrator, and space applications new types of organic polymer and dye-sensitized solar cells economic analysis of various policy options to stimulate PV growth including effect of public and private investment Detailed treatment covers: scientific basis of the photovoltaic effect and solar cell operation the production of solar silicon and of silicon-based solar cells and modules how choice of semiconductor materials and their production influence costs and performance making measurements on solar cells and modules and how to relate results under standardised test conditions to real outdoor performance photovoltaic system installation and operation of components such as inverters and batteries. architectural applications of building-integrated PV Each chapter is structured to be partially accessible to beginners while providing detailed information of the physics and technology for experts. Encompassing a review of past work and the fundamentals in solar electric science, this is a leading reference and invaluable resource for all practitioners, consultants, researchers and students in the PV industry.

Author : National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa
Publisher : Independently Published
Page : 44 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2018-09-21
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1723902675

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Thin-Film Solar Cells for Space Applications by National Aeronautics and Space Adm Nasa Pdf

The proposed work supports MURED goals by fostering research and development activities at Fisk and UTEP which contribute substantially to NASA's mission, preparing faculty and students at Fisk and UTEP to successfully participate in the conventional, competitive research and education process, and increasing the number of students to successfully complete degrees in NASA related fields. The project also addresses directly a core need of NASA for space power and is consistent with the Core Responsibilities of the John Glenn Space Center. Current orbital missions are limited by radiation from high energy particles trapped in the Van Allen Belt because that solar radiation degrades cell performance by damaging the crystalline lattice. Some potential orbits have been inaccessible because the radiation is too severe. Thin-film solar cells, if they can be adapted for use in the unfriendly space environment, could open new orbits to satellites by providing a radiation hard source of power. The manned mission to Mars requires photovoltaic devices for both the trip there and as a power supply on the surface. Solar arrays using thin films offer a low power/weight ratio solution that provides reliable photovoltaic power.Lush, Gregory B.Glenn Research CenterTHIN FILMS; SOLAR CELLS; AEROSPACE ENVIRONMENTS; PARTICLE ENERGY; RADIATION SOURCES; SOLAR RADIATION; SOLAR ARRAYS; MANNED MARS MISSIONS; TECHNOLOGY UTILIZATION; CRYSTALLINITY; LOW WEIGHT; RADIATION BELTS

Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 28 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2018-08-10
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1725069199

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Advanced Solar Cells for Satellite Power Systems by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Pdf

The multiple natures of today's space missions with regard to operational lifetime, orbital environment, cost and size of spacecraft, to name just a few, present such a broad range of performance requirements to be met by the solar array that no single design can suffice to meet them all. The result is a demand for development of specialized solar cell types that help to optimize overall satellite performance within a specified cost range for any given space mission. Historically, space solar array performance has been optimized for a given mission by tailoring the features of silicon solar cells to account for the orbital environment and average operating conditions expected during the mission. It has become necessary to turn to entirely new photovoltaic materials and device designs to meet the requirements of future missions, both in the near and far term. This paper will outline some of the mission drivers and resulting performance requirements that must be met by advanced solar cells, and provide an overview of some of the advanced cell technologies under development to meet them. The discussion will include high efficiency, radiation hard single junction cells; monolithic and mechanically stacked multiple bandgap cells; and thin film cells. Flood, Dennis J. and Weinberg, Irving Glenn Research Center NASA-TM-106777, E-9229, NAS 1.15:106777 RTOP 233-01-0A...

Author : Lewis M. Fraas,Larry D. Partain
Publisher : Wiley
Page : 700 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2010-07-13
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780470636879

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Solar Cells and Their Applications by Lewis M. Fraas,Larry D. Partain Pdf

A major update of solar cell technology and the solar marketplace Since the first publication of this important volume over a decade ago, dramatic changes have taken place with the solar market growing almost 100-fold and the U.S. moving from first to fourth place in the world market as analyzed in this Second Edition. Three bold new opportunities are identified for any countries wanting to improve market position. The first is combining pin solar cells with 3X concentration to achieve economic competitiveness near term. The second is charging battery-powered cars with solar cell–generated electricity from arrays in surrounding areas—including the car owners' homes—while simultaneously reducing their home electricity bills by over ninety percent. The third is formation of economic "unions" of sufficient combined economic size to be major competitors. In this updated edition, feed-in tariffs are identified as the most effective approach for public policy. Reasons are provided to explain why pin solar cells outperform more traditional pn solar cells. Field test data are reported for nineteen percent pin solar cells and for ~500X concentrating systems with bare cell efficiencies approaching forty percent. Paths to bare cell efficiencies over fifty percent are described, and key missing program elements are identified. Since government support is needed for new technology prototype integration and qualification testing before manufacturing scale up, the key economic measure is identified in this volume as the electricity cost in cents per kilowatt-hour at the complete installed system level, rather than just the up-front solar cell modules' costs in dollars per watt. This Second Edition will benefit technologists in the fields of solar cells and systems; solar cell researchers; power systems designers; academics studying microelectronics, semiconductors, and solar cells; business students and investors with a technical focus; and government and political officials developing public policy.

Author : Angèle Reinders,Pierre Verlinden,Wilfried van Sark,Alexandre Freundlich
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 750 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2017-02-06
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781118927465

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Photovoltaic Solar Energy by Angèle Reinders,Pierre Verlinden,Wilfried van Sark,Alexandre Freundlich Pdf

Solar PV is now the third most important renewable energy source, after hydro and wind power, in terms of global installed capacity. Bringing together the expertise of international PV specialists Photovoltaic Solar Energy: From Fundamentals to Applications provides a comprehensive and up-to-date account of existing PV technologies in conjunction with an assessment of technological developments. Key features: Written by leading specialists active in concurrent developments in material sciences, solar cell research and application-driven R&D. Provides a basic knowledge base in light, photons and solar irradiance and basic functional principles of PV. Covers characterization techniques, economics and applications of PV such as silicon, thin-film and hybrid solar cells. Presents a compendium of PV technologies including: crystalline silicon technologies; chalcogenide thin film solar cells; thin-film silicon based PV technologies; organic PV and III-Vs; PV concentrator technologies; space technologies and economics, life-cycle and user aspects of PV technologies. Each chapter presents basic principles and formulas as well as major technological developments in a contemporary context with a look at future developments in this rapidly changing field of science and engineering. Ideal for industrial engineers and scientists beginning careers in PV as well as graduate students undertaking PV research and high-level undergraduate students.

Author : European Space Agency
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Space vehicles
ISBN : IND:30000056116597

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Proceedings of the European Space Power Conference: Photovoltaic generators, energy storage by European Space Agency Pdf

Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2018-06-21
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 172163536X

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Utility of Thin-Film Solar Cells on Flexible Substrates for Space Power by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Pdf

The thin-film solar cell program at NASA GRC is developing solar cell technologies for space applications which address two critical metrics: specific power (power per unit mass) and launch stowed volume. To be competitive for many space applications, an array using thin film solar cells must significantly increase specific power while reducing stowed volume when compared to the present baseline technology utilizing crystalline solar cells. The NASA GRC program is developing two approaches. Since the vast majority of the mass of a thin film solar cell is in the substrate, a thin film solar cell on a very lightweight flexible substrate (polymer or metal films) is being developed as the first approach. The second approach is the development of multijunction thin film solar cells. Total cell efficiency can be increased by stacking multiple cells having bandgaps tuned to convert the spectrum passing through the upper cells to the lower cells. Once developed, the two approaches will be merged to yield a multijunction, thin film solar cell on a very lightweight, flexible substrate. The ultimate utility of such solar cells in space require the development of monolithic interconnections, lightweight array structures, and ultra-lightweight support and deployment techniques. Dickman, J. E. and Hepp, A. F. and Morel, D. L. and Ferekides, C. S. and Tuttle, J. R. and Hoffman, D. J. and Dhere, N. G. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2004-212554, AIAA Paper 2003-5922, E-14120