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Author : Ralph B. Taylor,Adele Harrell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 42 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Crime prevention
ISBN : UOM:39015054444685
Author : Ralph B. Taylor
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 39 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-19
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1457845199
Author : Ralph B. Taylor,Adele Harrell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Crime prevention
ISBN : OCLC:1057068396
Author : Gerben Bruinsma,Shane D. Johnson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 969 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780190279707
The study of how the environment, local geography, and physical locations influence crime has a long history that stretches across a number of research traditions. These include the neighborhood-effects approach developed by the Chicago school of sociology in the 1920s; modern environmental criminology that explains the geographic distribution of crime; the criminology of place, which focuses on crime rates at specific places over time; and a newer approach that attends to the perception of crime and disorder in communities. Aided by new mobile and digital technologies as well as improved data reporting in recent decades, research in environmental criminology has developed at a rapid pace within each of these approaches. Despite these advances, research in the subfield of environmental criminology remains fragmented, and competing theories are often kept apart. This book takes a different approach and integrates the subfield as a whole. It covers the core theoretical and empirical issues of how and why the environment influences the emergence of crime and how crime can affect the environment. The chapters reflect the diversity in research and theory from all over the Western world. In addition to covering traditional criminological research, the book probes how well current theories of environmental criminology contribute to our understanding of new problems and how well theories travel to other areas, such as West Africa, in which cultural differences might lead to different patterns in offending.
Author : Charles A. Murray
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 124 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1980
Category : Architecture
ISBN : PURD:32754077976201
Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 421 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309264143
The United States is among the wealthiest nations in the world, but it is far from the healthiest. Although life expectancy and survival rates in the United States have improved dramatically over the past century, Americans live shorter lives and experience more injuries and illnesses than people in other high-income countries. The U.S. health disadvantage cannot be attributed solely to the adverse health status of racial or ethnic minorities or poor people: even highly advantaged Americans are in worse health than their counterparts in other, "peer" countries. In light of the new and growing evidence about the U.S. health disadvantage, the National Institutes of Health asked the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a panel of experts to study the issue. The Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries examined whether the U.S. health disadvantage exists across the life span, considered potential explanations, and assessed the larger implications of the findings. U.S. Health in International Perspective presents detailed evidence on the issue, explores the possible explanations for the shorter and less healthy lives of Americans than those of people in comparable countries, and recommends actions by both government and nongovernment agencies and organizations to address the U.S. health disadvantage.
Author : Martin A. Andresen,Paul J. Brantingham,J. Bryan Kinney
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 551 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2010-05-25
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781439817797
A careful analysis of environmental factors is key to understanding the causes of crime, to solving crimes, and eventually helping to predict and prevent them. Classics in Environmental Criminology is a comprehensive collection of seminal pieces from legendary contributors who focus on the role that the immediate environment plays in the occurrence of a crime. Defines the field Divided into three parts, the book begins by highlighting the development of environmental criminology as a discipline through its origins in spatial criminology. It examines social disorganization theory, which explains criminal activity with reference to the characteristics of the community that delinquents live in. It then discusses the ecology of crime with reference to macroenvironments and microenvironments. The next section introduces concepts such as routine activity theory, the geometric theory of crime, the rational choice theory of offending, and crime pattern theory. Offers perspectives on prevention The last part focuses on the concept of crime prevention, examines the idea of altering the environment in order to prevent crime, and discusses situational crime factors and efforts to reduce the opportunities for crimes to be committed. It considers the impact of routine activities on crime prevention initiatives and advocates a flexible approach to crime prevention based on the dynamic nature of our environment. The book concludes with a chapter outlining how environmental criminology has evolved in recent years and provides a future outlook on where it may be headed. Invaluable as a textbook and as a professional reference, this volume is a comprehensive survey of a critical field in contemporary criminological theory. Offering insight assembled by top academic figures within the criminology community, this work is destined to provoke further inquiry and research.
Author : Joel M. Caplan,Leslie W. Kennedy
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2016-06-28
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780520958807
Imagine using an evidence-based risk management model that enables researchers and practitioners alike to analyze the spatial dynamics of crime, allocate resources, and implement custom crime and risk reduction strategies that are transparent, measurable, and effective. Risk Terrain Modeling (RTM) diagnoses the spatial attractors of criminal behavior and makes accurate forecasts of where crime will occur at the microlevel. RTM informs decisions about how the combined factors that contribute to criminal behavior can be targeted, connections to crime can be monitored, spatial vulnerabilities can be assessed, and actions can be taken to reduce worst effects. As a diagnostic method, RTM offers a statistically valid way to identify vulnerable places. To learn more, visit http://www.riskterrainmodeling.com and begin using RTM with the many free tutorials and resources.
Author : Gary R. Potter,Angus Nurse,Matthew Hall
Publisher : Springer
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2016-06-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781137538437
This book critically examines both theory and practice around conservation crimes. It engages with the full complexity of environmental crimes and different responses to them, including: poaching, conservation as a response to wildlife crime, forest degradation, environmental activism, and the application of scientific and situational crime prevention techniques as preventative tools to deal with green crime. Through the contributions of experts from both the social and ecological sciences, the book deals with theoretical and practical considerations that impact on the effectiveness of contemporary environmental criminal justice. It discusses the social construction of green crimes and the varied ways in which poaching and other conservation crimes are perceived, operate and are ideologically driven, as well as practical issues in environmental criminal justice. With contributions based in varied ideological perspectives and drawn from a range of academic disciplines, this volume provides a platform for scholars to debate new ideas about environmental law enforcement, policy, and crime prevention, detection and punishment.
Author : Ted Kitchen,Richard H. Schneider
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2007-03-15
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9781134191147
With a comprehensive analysis, this book links theory, evidence and practical application to bridge gaps between planning, design and criminology. The authors investigate connections between crime prevention and development planning with an international approach, looking at initiatives in the field and incorporating an understanding of current responses to the growth of technology and terrorism.
Author : Clarence Ray Jeffery
Publisher : SAGE Publications, Incorporated
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1977-08
Category : Law
ISBN : MINN:31951000007498J
'The book is of value to those involved in the teaching and practive of criminology and to those in the fields of genetics, psychology, learning theory, environmental psychology, and urban design. It should be considered a must for any criminal justice library.' -- Choice, May 1978
Author : Mahbub Rashid
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 461 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2024-03-12
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781421447995
"This book describes the population health concerns of small-town America and how these concerns are affected by the unique characteristics of these places focusing on the built environment"--
Author : Yingyi Situ,David Emmons
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780761900375
"Yingyi Situ and David Emmons in Environmental Crime address a neglected area in Criminology and Criminal Justice and do so with masterful attention to details of environmental law, law enforcement, enthralling examples and up-to-date cases. Well-written, scholarly and incisive in its commentary and stellar in organization, their work will be well received by both undergraduate and graduate students." - Frank E. Hagan, Ph.D., Chair, Graduate Program in Administration of Justice, Professor of Sociology/Criminal Justice, Mercyhurst College, Pennsylvania We and our environment are at risk. Air, water, and soil pollution, hazardous waste disposal, global warming, acid rain, and reduction of the ozone layer threaten the natural environment and endanger people's health. Within the last decade, however, environmental violations have been defined as crimes and violators viewed as criminals; and criminal prosecution of the accused and criminal sanctions against the convicted have accelerated. This accessibly written book examines the criminalization of environmental wrong-doing. Designed as a textbook for environmental crime courses at the undergraduate or beginning graduate levels, it is comprehensive and logically organized. The text explores the nature, causes, investigation, prosecution, and prevention of environmental crime. Special emphasis is placed on the human, economic, social, and psychological impacts of the environmental crime by corporations, criminal organizations, the government, and individuals. Although examples throughout the book reflect not only North America but the world, a final chapter is devoted to global environmental law. The chapter also reviews promising approaches being used by other nations in fighting environmental crime.
Author : Rebecca Paynich,Bryan Hill
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Learning
Page : 553 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780763755751
Criminal Investigations & Forensic Science
Author : Richard Wortley,Lorraine Mazerolle
Publisher : Willan
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2013-05-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781136308451
Environmental criminology is a generic label that covers a range of overlapping perspectives. At the core, the various strands of environmental criminology are bound by a common focus on the role that the immediate environment plays in the performance of crime, and a conviction that careful analyses of these environmental influences are the key to the effective investigation, control and prevention of crime. Environmental Crime and Crime Analysis brings together for the first time the key contributions to environmental criminology to comprehensively define the field and synthesize the concepts and ideas surrounding environmental criminology. The chapters are written by leading theorists and practitioners in the field. Each chapter will analyze one of the twelve major elements of environmental criminology and crime analysis. This book will be essential reading for both practitioners and undergraduate and postgraduate students taking courses in this subject.