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Physiological Disorders of Fruit Crops by Savreet Sandhu Pdf
Physiological or abiotic disorders are mainly caused by changing environmental conditions such as temperature, moisture, unbalanced soil nutrients, inadequate or excess of certain soil minerals, extremes of soil pH and poor drainage. The distinction between physiological or abiotic disorders from other disorders is that they are not caused by living organisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi, insects, etc.), but they are the result of abiotic situations (inanimate) i.e. their agents are non-living in nature which causes deviation from normal growth. They results in physical or chemical changes in a plant which is far away from what is normal and is generally caused by an external factor. Non-infectious disorders in some cases are easy to identify, but others are difficult or even impossible to recognize. Most of them are non reversible once they have occurred. For the identification of physiological disorders it is important that one must know that: a) Physiological disorders are often caused by the deficiency or excess of something that supports life or by the presence of something that interferes with life. b) Physiological disorders can affect plants in all stages of their development. c) They are non-transmissible because they occur without or in absence of infectious agents. d) Plant reacts differently to the same agent and sometimes response is seen as a little reaction to death. e) Dealing with physiological disorders often means dealing with the consequences from a past event. f) Generally damaged and undamaged tissue is clearly demarcated. g) Physiological disorders not only causes damage themselves but also serve as the 'open door' (entry) for pathogens.
Postharvest Physiological Disorders in Fruits and Vegetables by Sergio Tonetto de Freitas,Sunil Pareek Pdf
This book, chock full of color illustrations, addresses the main postharvest physiological disorders studied in fruits and vegetables. For a wide variety of fruits and vegetables, Postharvest Physiological Disorders in Fruits and Vegetables describes visual symptoms, triggering and inhibiting mechanisms, and approaches to predict and control these disorders after harvest. Color photographs illustrate the disorders, important factors, physiology, and management. The book includes a detailed description of the visual symptoms, triggering and inhibiting mechanisms, and possible approaches to predict and control physiological disorders. The mechanisms triggering and inhibiting the disorders are discussed in detail in each chapter, based on recent studies, which can help readers better understand the factors regulating each disorder. The description of possible approaches to predict and control each disorder can help growers, shippers, wholesalers, and retailers to determine the best management practices to reduce disorder incidence and crop losses. Features: Presents visual symptoms of postharvest physiological disorders that will help readers to precisely identify the disorders in fruits and vegetables Details mechanisms triggering and inhibiting the postharvest disorders Explains possible approaches to predict and control these disorders Suggests the best postharvest management approaches for each crop Although there are many scientific publications on postharvest physiological disorders, there are no recent reviews or books putting together the most recent information about the mechanisms regulating, as well as about the possible approaches to predict and control these disorders.
Nutritional Disorders In Fruit Crops by M. Prakash Pdf
Diagnosis involves careful observation of crop with a thorough knowledge of crop behaviour as well as a complete understanding of functions of nutrients and their deficiency symptoms. Diagnostic techniques vary from crop to crop depending upon the field condition in which the deficiency occurs. Indian agriculture has entered into an era of multiple nutrient deficiencies. Realizing the gravity of emerging problem of nutrient deficiencies and to fulfill an immediate need to tackle them more efficiently, a guide on diagnosis of nutritional disorders and their corrections in crop plants has been prepared. All the new diagnostic techniques have been discussed in a simple language. The book has been designed in such a way as to improve the knowledge on diagnosis of deficiencies of mineral elements essential for normal plant growth, and of the methods by which such deficiencies may most effectively be remedied. The main feature of this book is the detailed description of the various visual deficiency symptoms exhibited by the fruit crops. The book has been written primarily for the use of the students of Horticulture and Agriculture to help update their knowledge on nutritional and physiological disorders of fruit crops. It is also felt that the book will provide a suitable basis for those engaged in the profession of agriculture like extension workers and progressive farmers. We hope that this book will go a long way to help in increased fruit production by proper diagnosis and suitable correction of nutritional disorders in fruit crops.
Physiological Disorders Of Horticultural Crops: Causes And Management by Pankaj Kumar Ray Pdf
The present book entitled “Physiological Disorders of Horticultural Crops: Causes and Management" provides a comprehensive knowledge of cause, symptoms and management of different physiological disorders in fruits, vegetables, flowers, spices, condiments and plantation crops. The book contains adequate symptoms along with appropriate photographs about the physiological disorders of important horticultural crops and their adequate management practices. This book addresses the current issues that are divided in six sections: Section 1: Introduction to physiological disorders and its impact on horticultural crops; Section 2: Major physiological disorders of vegetable crops; Section 3: Major physiological disorders of fruit crops; Section 4: Major physiological disorders of flowers; Section 5: Major physiological disorders of plantation crops; Section 6: Major physiological disorders of spices and condiments. The above sections covered the comprehensive information on causes, symptoms and recent remedial measures of major physiological disorders of horticultural crops along with multiple choice questions answers and relevant appendices for better understanding. The book will serve as a useful guide for students, scientists, extension workers, farmers and others associated with the discipline of Horticulture.
Fruit Crops by Anoop Kumar Srivastava,Chengxiao Hu Pdf
Fruit Crops: Diagnosis and Management of Nutrient Constraints is the first and only resource to holistically relate fruits as a nutritional source for human health to the state-of-the-art methodologies currently used to diagnose and manage nutritional constraints placed on those fruits. This book explores a variety of advanced management techniques, including open field hydroponic, fertigation/bio-fertigation, the use of nano-fertilizers, sensors-based nutrient management, climate- smart integrated soil fertility management, inoculation with microbial consortium, and endophytes backed up by ecophysiology of fruit crops. These intricate issues are effectively presented, including real-world applications and future insights. Presents the latest research, including issues with commercial application Details comprehensive insights into the diagnosis and management of nutrient constraints Includes contributions by world renowned researchers, providing global perspectives and experience
Nutritional and Physiological Disorders in Crop Plants by C. Rajendran,S.J. Hepziba,K. Ramamoorthy Pdf
The book on Nutritional and physiol-ogical disorders in crop plants deals with Classification of plant nutrients according to relative requirements for plant growth, their biochemical behaviour, physiological function, functional basis of elements; functions and importance of various plant nutrients; predisposing factors for the occurrence of nutrient deficiencies; diagnosis of plant deficiency symptoms in cereals, pulses, oilseeds, fibers, sugars, fruits, vegetables, flowers, plantation crops and narcotics covering 43 crops with photographs of symptoms; commonly occurring physiological disorders in selected crops, and remedial measures. The book will be useful to the undergraduate students of Agriculture & Horticulture to update their knowledge on nutritional and physiological disorders in crop plants. It will also provide a suitable basis for those engaged in the profession of Agriculture viz., extension functionaries & farmers.
Diseases of Fruit Crops by Harry Warren Anderson Pdf
Disease defined; Causal agents of plant diseases; Parasitic diseases; Virus diseases; Nematodes; How to identify a disease; How to get diseases identified; Control of fruit diseases; Control by exclusion; Eradication; Some new principles of disease control; Diseases of pome fruits.
Postharvest Physiology and Biochemistry of Fruits and Vegetables by Elhadi M. Yahia,Armando Carrillo-Lopez Pdf
Postharvest Physiology and Biochemistry of Fruits and Vegetables presents an updated, interrelated and sequenced view of the contribution of fruits and vegetables on human health, their aspects of plant metabolism, physical and chemical/compositional changes during the entire fruit development lifecycle, the physiological disorders and biochemical effects of modified/controlled atmospheres, and the biotechnology of horticultural crops. The book is written specifically for those interested in preharvest and postharvest crop science and the impact of physiological and biochemical changes on their roles as functional foods. Deals with the developmental aspects of the lifecycle in whole fruits Describes issues, such as the morphology and anatomy of fruits, beginning with the structural organization of the whole plant and explaining the fruit structure and its botanical classification Addresses biotechnological concepts that control firmness, quality and the nutritional value of fruits
Physiological Disorders Of Vegetable Crops by Kanaya Lal Bhat Pdf
Vegetables from an important part of our diet. The quality of Vegetables that we consume is influenced by deficiency or excess of mineral elements, hormonal imbalance, improper pollination or fertilization, injuries due to adverse climate and growing conditions and some physiological factors. This book provides scientific knowledge on the role of both major and minor nutrients, adverse climatic and other related factors in the growth and development of physiological disorders of vegetable crops, making them unfit for human consumption An attempt has been made in this book to give as much information as possible regarding causes, symptoms and the role of elements and temperature associated in the development of the avoidable disorders. Contents Chapter 1: Introduction; Chapter 2: Physiological Disorders of Tomato; Blossom-end rot, Blotchy ripening, Cat face, Growth Cracks, Puffiness, Sun Scald, Yellow top, Large core, Sun burn, Cloud spot, Pox, Blossom drop, Waxy blister, Gray wall, Green shoulder, Gold specks, Collar rot, Watery fruit, Apical necrosis, Toxic effects, Shedding of flower of fruit and other Blemishes; Chapter 3: Potato and Peppers; Hollow heart, Brown center, Internal rust spot, Vascular discolouration, Black heart, Tip burn, Black spot or Bruising of tubers, Greening of tubers, Growth cracking, Translucent and tubers, Jelly end not, Chilling injury, Freezing injury-Freezing solid, Turning sweet, Internal frost necrosis, High temperature injury, Ring and net necrosis, Ageing of seed tubers-Scorching, Legginess, Strings of tubers, Cracks and hollowness, Excess Ienticel, Production, Coloured patches, Button not; Chapter 4: Physiological Disorders of Cole Crops; Cauliflower-Whip tail, Buttoning, Riceyness, Browning, Blindness, Hollow stem, Pinking, Chlorosis, Frost injury, Leafiness, Premature head and flower formation and Grey dots, Cabbage-Tip burn, Black Petiole, Black peck, Bolting and Red heart, Broccoli-Internal tip burn, Heat injury, Brussels sprout-Loose sprouts; Chapter 5: Physiological Disorders of Other Vegetable Crops; Lettuce-Tip burn, Red heart, Premature yellowing, Big vein, Bolting, Russet spotting, Rib discoloration, Internal rib necrosis, Pink rib, Rusty brown discoloration, Brown stain, Low oxygen injury and other disorders, Carrot-Cavity spot, scab spot, splitting, bitterness, Drought, Root cracks, Bolting Beet and Chard-Internal black spot, Tip burn, Brown heart, Bean and Lima bean-Ball head and Sneak head, French bean-Sunscald, Delayed flowering and pod development, Cotyledon cracking and Sun scald, Yam bean-Heat injury and Sun scald, Runner beans-Pod ageing or discolouring, Celery-Cracked stem, Black heart, Pithiness, Chlorosis, Onion-Bolting, Splitting and doubling of bulbs, Scorching, Cracking and Bolting, Garlic-Sprouting of bulbs, Straw berry-Albinism, Scolding and Tip burn, Asparagus- Tip rust, Die back, Mushroom-Distortion, Water lodging and Pinning, Chicory, Reddish and Turnip, Watermelon-Blossom-end Rot, Muskmelon, Pumpkin, Cucumber, Spinach, Artichoke, Sweet potato, Taro, Endive and Maize; Chapter 7: Abiotic Disorders of Vegetable Crops; Low temperature disorders, Chilling injury, Freezing stress, Light injury, High temperature injury; Chapter 7: Disorders in Vegetables Attributed to Controlled Atmosphere; Disorders attributed to control atmosphere, Role of nutrient element in vegetable production, Management of mineral disorder symptoms, Essential elements, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Factors affecting availability of micro-nutrients, Calcium, magnesium, sulphur, boron, molybdenum, copper, manganese, iron and zinc, Mineral related disorders, Toxicity of Minerals-Air pollution damage (Ozone, nitrogen dioxide, Sulphur dioxide), Fertilizer application techniques-Time and methods of application
Diseases of Fruits and Vegetable Crops by Gireesh Chand,Nadeem Akhtar,Santosh Kumar Pdf
"Diseases of Fruits and Vegetable Crops: Recent Management Approaches covers certain basic aspects of knowledge on diagnostic symptoms, modes of perpetuation and dissemination of pathogens, favorable conditions for disease development, and the latest management strategies for disease prevention and mitigation in vegetable crops, fruit crops, and plantation crops. With chapters written by experts working on specific fruit and vegetables diseases, the volume covers many vegetable and fruit crops, including pineapples, grapes, apples, guava, litchi, potatoes, peas, beans, ginger and turmeric, and many more. Each chapter reviews the specific diseases relevant to the crop and their management and includes recent research findings. The information presented here will be valuable for plant protection officers, district horticulture officers, and other government personnel in the directorates and agencies of agriculture, horticulture and plant protection, as well as plant protection experts, vegetable specialists, and others"--
During the past twentieth century, plant pathology has witnessed a dramatic advancement in management of plant diseases through in-depth investigations of host parasite interactions, integration of new concepts, principles and approaches. Our effort in brining out this book is to compile the achievements of modern times with regards to disease management of fruits which otherwise is widely dispersed in various scientific journals, books and government reports and to develop future strategies for the millennium. The chapters on individual crops are contributed by leading plant pathologists having authority in the respective field at international level. Each chapter includes the diseases of economic importance describing their history, distribution, symptoms, epidemiology, and integrated management approaches being adopted worldwide. Each chapter is vividly illustrated to make it more understandable to students, research and extension workers, planners, administrators and other end users citing pertinent references.
Abiotic Stress Biology in Horticultural Plants by Yoshinori Kanayama,Alexey Kochetov Pdf
The purpose of this publication is to elucidate the biological aspect of the abiotic stress response from the field to the molecular level in horticultural plants. This book is unique in that it concerns the basic aspect of abiotic stress biology and research progress at the molecular level in model plants or major field crops, as it focuses mainly on the abiotic stress response in existing horticultural plants. Many readers interested in plant abiotic stress biology are aware of the application of the latest findings to agricultural production, and this book will have a special appeal for those readers. The book will be of interest to scientists and graduate students who are involved in the research, development, production, processing, and marketing of horticultural products, including those in developing countries who are interested in high tech and advanced science in this field. The application of the latest findings to agricultural production is particularly useful. Stress tolerance mechanisms in horticultural crops are gaining importance, because most agricultural regions are predicted to experience considerably more extreme environmental fluctuations due to global climate change. Further, because of recent progress in next-generation sequencing technologies, the postgenomic era is impending not only in model plants and major cereal crops but also in horticultural crops, which comprise a great diversity of species. This book provides information on the physiological aspects of the abiotic stress response in horticultural plants, which is considered essential for postgenomic research.
