Plural Action

Author : Hans Bernhard Schmid
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2009-05-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789048124374

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Plural Action by Hans Bernhard Schmid Pdf

Collective Intentionality is a relatively new label for a basic social fact: the sharing of attitudes such as intentions, beliefs and emotions. This volume contributes to current research on collective intentionality by pursuing three aims. First, some of the main conceptual problems in the received literature are introduced, and a number of new insights into basic questions in the philosophy of collective intentionality are developed (part 1). Second, examples are given for the use of the analysis of collective intentionality in the theory and philosophy of the social sciences (part 2). Third, it is shown that this line of research opens up new perspectives on classical topics in the history of social philosophy and social science, and that, conversely, an inquiry into the history of ideas can lead to further refinement of our conceptual tools in the analysis of collective intentionality (part 3).

Author : Kirk Ludwig
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2017-10-20
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192507396

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From Plural to Institutional Agency by Kirk Ludwig Pdf

Kirk Ludwig presents a philosophical account of institutional action, such as action by corporations and nation states, arguing that it can be understood exhaustively in terms of the agency of individuals and concepts constructed out of materials that are already at play in our understanding of individual action. He thus argues for a strong form of methodological individualism. The book provides a new account of the logical form of grammatically singular group action sentences (e.g. 'Company laid off 10,000 workers'), and features new analyses of the concepts of a constitutive rule, status function, status role, collective acceptance, and proxy agency. He also provides an analysis of the structure of corporate action, including the status of corporations as legal persons, and of the nature of state action in relation to its citizens. This is the companion volume to From Individual to Plural Agency (OUP 2016), extending the multiple-agents account of collective action set out in the earlier volume.

Author : Kirk Ludwig
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2016-10-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191072222

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From Individual to Plural Agency by Kirk Ludwig Pdf

Kirk Ludwig develops a novel reductive account of plural discourse about collective action and shared intention. Part I develops the event analysis of action sentences, provides an account of the content of individual intentions, and on that basis an analysis of individual intentional action. Part II shows how to extend the account to collective action, intentional and unintentional, and shared intention, expressed in sentences with plural subjects. On the account developed, collective action is a matter of there being multiple agents of an event and it requires no group agents per se. Shared intention is a matter of agents in a group each intending that they bring about some end in accordance with a shared plan. Thus their participatory intentions (their we-intentions) differ from individual intentions not in their mode but in their content. Joint intentional action then is a matter of a group of individuals successfully executing a shared intention. The account does not reduce shared intention to aggregates of individual intentions. However, it argues that the content of we-intentions can be analyzed wholly in terms of concepts already at play in our understanding of individual intentional action. The account thus vindicates methodological individualism for plural agency. The account is contrasted with other major positions on shared intention and joint action, and defended against objections. This forms the foundation for a reductive account of the agency of mobs and institutions, expressed in grammatically singular action sentences about groups and their intentions, in a second volume.

Author : Alex Oliver,Timothy Smiley
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2016-11-04
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192595386

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Plural Logic by Alex Oliver,Timothy Smiley Pdf

Alex Oliver and Timothy Smiley provide a natural point of entry to what for most readers will be a new subject. Plural logic deals with plural terms ('Whitehead and Russell', 'Henry VIII's wives', 'the real numbers', 'the square root of -1', 'they'), plural predicates ('surrounded the fort', 'are prime', 'are consistent', 'imply'), and plural quantification ('some things', 'any things'). Current logic is singularist: its terms stand for at most one thing. By contrast, the foundational thesis of this book is that a particular term may legitimately stand for several things at once; in other words, there is such a thing as genuinely plural denotation. The authors argue that plural phenomena need to be taken seriously and that the only viable response is to adopt a plural logic, a logic based on plural denotation. They expound a framework of ideas that includes the distinction between distributive and collective predicates, the theory of plural descriptions, multivalued functions, and lists. A formal system of plural logic is presented in three stages, before being applied to Cantorian set theory as an illustration. Technicalities have been kept to a minimum, and anyone who is familiar with the classical predicate calculus should be able to follow it. The authors' approach is an attractive blend of no-nonsense argumentative directness and open-minded liberalism, and they convey the exciting and unexpected richness of their subject. Mathematicians and linguists, as well as logicians and philosophers, will find surprises in this book. This second edition includes a greatly expanded treatment of the paradigm empty term zilch, a much strengthened treatment of Cantorian set theory, and a new chapter on higher-level plural logic.

Author : Nathalie Hirschmann,Tobias John,Frauke Reichl,Jacqueline Abigail Garand
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2022-11-24
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783031162732

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Plural Policing in the Global North by Nathalie Hirschmann,Tobias John,Frauke Reichl,Jacqueline Abigail Garand Pdf

The volume brings together an international group of authors discussing basic concepts and approaches to plural policing as well as aspects and practices of plural policing in specific locations. The context comes from the fact that policing activities are nowadays performed by a growing number and variety of police and non-police stakeholders. This development is internationally discussed as ‘pluralisation of policing’ or plural policing. This book provides insights into plural policing across different countries of the global North. It looks at day-to-day security which is mainly produced at the local level, and where there is considerable diversity in philosophy and practice. Therefore, it allows learnings for possible future developments in the field. This volume contributes to policing studies and is of interest to the wide range of academics dealing with questions of security and order, as well as policy makers and practitioners working on security in their regions.

Author : Sara Rachel Chant,Frank Hindriks,Gerhard Preyer
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2014-02-28
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199936519

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From Individual to Collective Intentionality by Sara Rachel Chant,Frank Hindriks,Gerhard Preyer Pdf

Many of the things we do, we do together with other people. Think of carpooling and playing tennis. In the past two or three decades it has become increasingly popular to analyze such collective actions in terms of collective intentions. This volume brings together ten new philosophical essays that address issues such as how individuals succeed in maintaining coordination throughout the performance of a collective action, whether groups can actually believe propositions or whether they merely accept them, and what kind of evidence, if any, disciplines such as cognitive science and semantics provide in support of irreducibly collective states. The theories of the Big Four of collective intentionality -- Michael Bratman, Raimo Tuomela, John Searle, and Margaret Gilbert -- and the Big Five of Social Ontology -- which in addition to the Big Four includes Philip Pettit -- play a central role in almost all of these essays. Drawing on insights from a wide range of disciplines including dynamical systems theory, economics, and psychology, the contributors develop existing theories, criticize them, or provide alternatives to them. Several essays challenge the idea that there is a straightforward dichotomy between individual and collective level rationality, and explore the interplay between these levels in order to shed new light on the alleged discontinuities between them. These contributions make abundantly clear that it is no longer an option simply to juxtapose analyses of individual and collective level phenomena and maintain that there is a discrepancy. Some go as far as arguing that on closer inspection the alleged discontinuities dissolve

Author : Saba Bazargan-Forward,Deborah Tollefsen
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 539 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2020-04-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351607575

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The Routledge Handbook of Collective Responsibility by Saba Bazargan-Forward,Deborah Tollefsen Pdf

The Routledge Handbook of Collective Responsibility comprehensively addresses questions about who is responsible and how blame or praise should be attributed when human agents act together. Such questions include: Do individuals share responsibility for the outcome or are individuals responsible only for their contribution to the act? Are individuals responsible for actions done by their group even when they don’t contribute to the outcome? Can a corporation or institution be held morally responsible apart from the responsibility of its members? The Handbook’s 35 chapters—all appearing here for the first time and written by an international team of experts—are organized into four parts: Part I: Foundations of Collective Responsibility Part II: Theoretical Issues in Collective Responsibility Part III: Domains of Collective Responsibility Part IV: Applied Issues in Collective Responsibility Each part begins with a short introduction that provides an overview of issues and debates within that area and a brief summary of its chapters. In addition, a comprehensive index allows readers to better navigate the entirety of the volume’s contents. The result is the first major work in the field that serves as an instructional aid for those in advanced undergraduate courses and graduate seminars, as well as a reference for scholars interested in learning more about collective responsibility.

Author : American Oriental Society
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 518 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Oriental philology
ISBN : UOM:39015037365205

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Journal of the American Oriental Society by American Oriental Society Pdf

List of members in each volume.

Author : Daniel Greenleaf Thompson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1872
Category : Latin language
ISBN : HARVARD:32044097055057

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A First Latin Book, Introductory to Cæsar's Commentaries on the Gallic War by Daniel Greenleaf Thompson Pdf

Author : Sophie Loidolt
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2017-09-22
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351804028

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Phenomenology of Plurality by Sophie Loidolt Pdf

Winner of the 2018 Edwin Ballard Prize awarded by the Center for Advanced Research in Phenomenology This book develops a unique phenomenology of plurality by introducing Hannah Arendt’s work into current debates taking place in the phenomenological tradition. Loidolt offers a systematic treatment of plurality that unites the fields of phenomenology, political theory, social ontology, and Arendt studies to offer new perspectives on key concepts such as intersubjectivity, selfhood, personhood, sociality, community, and conceptions of the "we." Phenomenology of Plurality is an in-depth, phenomenological analysis of Arendt that represents a viable third way between the "modernist" and "postmodernist" camps in Arendt scholarship. It also introduces a number of political and ethical insights that can be drawn from a phenomenology of plurality. This book will appeal to scholars interested in the topics of plurality and intersubjectivity within phenomenology, existentialism, political philosophy, ethics, and feminist philosophy.

Author : Holly Lawford-Smith
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2019-02-14
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192570338

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Not In Their Name by Holly Lawford-Smith Pdf

There are many actions that we attribute, at least colloquially, to states. Given their size and influence, states are able to inflict harm far beyond the reach of a single individual. But there is a great deal of unclarity about exactly who is implicated in that kind of harm, and how we should think about responsibility for it. It is a commonplace assumption that democratic publics both authorize and have control over what their states do; that their states act in their name and on their behalf. In Not In Their Name, Holly Lawford-Smith approaches these questions from the perspective of social ontology, asking whether the state is a collective agent, and whether ordinary citizens are members of that agent. If it is, and they are, there's a clear case for democratic collective culpability. She explores alternative conceptions of the state and of membership in the state; alternative conceptions of collective agency applied to the state; the normative implications of membership in the state; and both culpability (from the inside) and responsibility (from the outside) for what the state does. Ultimately, Lawford-Smith argues for the exculpation of ordinary citizens and the inculpation of those working in public services.

Author : Lee McIntyre,Alex Rosenberg
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2016-12-08
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781315410074

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The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Social Science by Lee McIntyre,Alex Rosenberg Pdf

The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Social Science is an outstanding guide to the major themes, movements, debates, and topics in the philosophy of social science. It includes thirty-seven newly written chapters, by many of the leading scholars in the field, as well as a comprehensive introduction by the editors. Insofar as possible, the material in this volume is presented in accessible language, with an eye toward undergraduate and graduate students who may be coming to some of this material for the first time. Scholars too will appreciate this clarity, along with the chance to read about the latest advances in the discipline. The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Social Science is broken up into four parts. Historical and Philosophical Context Concepts Debates Individual Sciences Edited by two of the leading scholars in the discipline, this volume is essential reading for anyone interested in the philosophy of social science, and its many areas of connection and overlap with key debates in the philosophy of science.

Author : Otto Jespersen
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 371 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1992-11-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780226398815

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The Philosophy of Grammar by Otto Jespersen Pdf

Publisher Description

Author : James Byrne
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 1892
Category : Grammar, Comparative and general
ISBN : HARVARD:32044024291023

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General Principles of the Structure of Language by James Byrne Pdf

Author : Robert R. Ratcliffe
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027236739

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The "broken" Plural Problem in Arabic and Comparative Semitic by Robert R. Ratcliffe Pdf

The formal aspects of non-concatenative morphology have received considerable attention in recent years, but the diachronic dimensions of such systems have been little explored. The current work applies a modern methodological and theoretical framework to a classic problem in Arabic and Semitic historical linguistics: the highly allomorphic system of 'stem-internal' or 'broken' plurals. It shows that widely-accepted views regarding the historical development of this system are untenable and offers a new hypothesis. The first chapter lays out a methodology for comparative-historical research in morphology. The next two chapters present an analysis of Arabic morphology based on contemporary formal linguistic approaches, and applies this analysis to the noun plural system. Chapter Four shows that neither semantic shift nor ablaut-type sound change account adequately for the data. The fifth chapter offers a systematic comparison of the plural systems of Semitic languages, incorporating much new research on the languages of South Arabia and Ethiopia. Chapter Six proposes a new reconstruction.