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Introduction -- Pollination and reproduction in plants -- Insects of major importance in plant pollination -- The economics of pollination -- Beekeeping regions in the United States -- Recognized problems -- The written contract -- Sample pollination agreement -- The Extension Service can help -- Sample program for state extension specialists -- Sample workshop schedule -- Selected references -- Appendix : research in progress.
Pollination using honey bees by Doug Somerville,Elizabeth Frost Pdf
Beekeepers and growers of horticultural crops, broadacre crops and pastures all benefit from bees visiting flowers. this book informs the beekeeper about preparing and maintaining bees so that they are fit for the pollination task and informs the grower about creating an environment for best results. It describes the specific bee stocking rate required for more than sixty plant species and includes a section on making a business agreement between grower and beekeeper. Table of contents: · Safety for personnel · Floral structure · Agents of pollination · Honey bee colonies · Size of the operation · Nutrition for bees · Health problems · Pesticides · Stock selection · Hive strength · Pollination standards · Orchard design and management · Managing hives on the crop · Netting and glass houses · Post-pollination hive management · Contracts and agreements · The bee broker · Appendix 1: Sample pollination agreement · Appendix 2: Individual crops · Appendix 3: Standard operation procedure (SOP)
National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on the Status of Pollinators in North America
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on the Status of Pollinators in North America Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 327 pages File Size : 41,6 Mb Release : 2007-05-13 Category : Technology & Engineering ISBN : 9780309102896
Status of Pollinators in North America by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Agriculture and Natural Resources,Board on Life Sciences,Committee on the Status of Pollinators in North America Pdf
Pollinators-insects, birds, bats, and other animals that carry pollen from the male to the female parts of flowers for plant reproduction-are an essential part of natural and agricultural ecosystems throughout North America. For example, most fruit, vegetable, and seed crops and some crops that provide fiber, drugs, and fuel depend on animals for pollination. This report provides evidence for the decline of some pollinator species in North America, including America's most important managed pollinator, the honey bee, as well as some butterflies, bats, and hummingbirds. For most managed and wild pollinator species, however, population trends have not been assessed because populations have not been monitored over time. In addition, for wild species with demonstrated declines, it is often difficult to determine the causes or consequences of their decline. This report outlines priorities for research and monitoring that are needed to improve information on the status of pollinators and establishes a framework for conservation and restoration of pollinator species and communities.
Bee Pollination in Agricultural Ecosystems by Rosalind James,Theresa L. Pitts-Singer Pdf
For many agricultural crops, bees play a vital role as pollinators, and this book discusses the interplay among bees, agriculture, and the environment. Although honey bees are well recognized as pollinators, managed bumble bees and solitary bees are also critical for the successful pollination of certain crops, while wild bees provide a free service. As bees liberally pass pollen from one plant to the next, they also impact the broader ecosystem, and not always to the benefit of humankind. Bees can enhance the unintentional spread of genes from genetically engineered plants, and may increase the spread of invasive weeds. Conversely, genetically engineered plants can impact pollinators, and invasive weeds can supply new sources of food for these insects. Bees' flower-visiting activities also can be exploited to help spread biological control agents that control crop pests, and they are important for native plant reproduction. Managing bees for pollination is complex and the factors that must be taken into consideration are treated here, including bee natural history, physiology, pathology, and behavior. Furthermore, transporting bees from native ranges to new areas for pollination services can be controversial, and needs to be done only after assuring that it will not disrupt various ecosystems. Even though bees are small, unobtrusive creatures, they play large roles in the ecosystem. The connection between bees and humankind also is symbolic of a broader interconnection between humans and the natural world.
The Incomparable Honeybee and the Economics of Pollination by Reese Halter Pdf
Provocative, passionate and populist, RMB Manifestos are short and concise non-fiction books of literary, critical, and cultural studies. From Dr. Reese Halter comes a remarkable, concise account of the honeybees that have profoundly shaped our planet for the past 110 million years. They are the most important group of flower-visiting animals, pollinating more multi-billion-dollar crops and plants than any other living group. Since prehistoric times humans and honeybees have been inextricably linked. This book is rich with interesting and humbling facts: bees can count, they can vote, and honey has potent medicinal properties, able to work as an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, even an antiseptic. The fate of the bees, whose numbers have been beleaguered most recently by colony collapse disorder, lies firmly in the hands of humankind. As such, it is our job to ensure their health, protect the habitats within which they live and communicate to others the vital link that human society shares with the remarkable honeybee.
Improving the Health of Honey Bees and Other Pollinators by Christina L. Evans Pdf
Wherever flowering plants flourish, pollinating bees, birds, butterflies, bats, and other animals are hard at work, providing vital but often unnoticed services. But many pollinators are in serious decline in the United States and worldwide. Preventing continued losses of our country's pollinators requires immediate national attention, as pollinators play a critical role in maintaining diverse ecosystems and in supporting agricultural production. Some three-fourths of all native plants in the world require pollination by an animal, most often an insect, and most often a native bee. Pollinators, most often honey bees, are also responsible for one in every three bites of food we take, and increase our nation's crop values each year by more than 15 billion dollars. Unabated, these losses of our pollinators threaten agricultural production, the maintenance of natural plant communities, and the important services provided by those ecosystems, such as carbon cycling, flood and erosion control, and recreation. This book discusses national strategies and research action plans to improve the health of honey bees and other pollinators.
Bees form a vital part of many natural and farmed landscapes all over the world. Both as pollinators and as a part of the wider insect community, their activities not only promote healthy ecosystems, but in many cases are essential to the life cycles of particular plant species. Their complex coevolutionary relationships to their forage plants are a subject of fascination to biologists and conservationists, and of economic importance to crop managers. But everywhere bees are under pressure, from the direct impact of pesticides in the environment, as well as the indirect effects of habitat alteration and destruction. This volume focuses on a number of important topics in bee biology and conservation in the temperate regions of four continents. The varieties of habitats needed for bees to thrive, the essential links and interactions between bees and many plant species, and the current state of bee biodiversity and conservation are all dealt with by an international cast of authors. Anyone with an interest either in bees in particular, or in insect and plant conservation in general will find something of interest in this book. Stresses the importance of bees as pollinators in the health of both agriculture and natural landscapes Discusses the coevolutionary biology of bees and their forage plants Focuses on bees as a vital component of biodiversity Includes contributors from Europe, U.S.A., Canada, Panama, and Isreal
Crop Pollination by Bees, Volume 1 by Keith S. Delaplane Pdf
Since the second half of the 20th Century, our agricultural bee pollinators have faced mounting threats from ecological disturbance and pan-global movement of pathogens and parasites. At the same time, the area of pollinator-dependent crops is increasing globally with no end in sight. Never before has so much been asked of our finite pool of bee pollinators. This book not only explores the evolutionary and ecologic bases of these dynamics, it translates this knowledge into practical research-based guidance for using bees to pollinate crops. It emphasizes conserving wild bee populations as well as culturing honey bees, bumble bees, and managed solitary bees. To cover such a range of biology, theory, and practice from the perspectives of both the pollinator and the crop, the book is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 focuses on bees, their biology, coevolution with plants, foraging ecology and management, and gives practical ways to increase bee abundance and pollinating performance on the farm. Volume 2 (also available from CABI) focuses on crops, with chapters addressing crop-specific requirements and bee pollination management recommendations. Both volumes will be essential reading for farmers, horticulturists and gardeners, researchers and professionals working in insect ecology and conservation, and students of entomology and crop protection.
Managing Alternative Pollinators by Eric Mader,Marla Spivak,Elaine Evans Pdf
"Examines the history of the British fire service from 1800-1980, embracing certain key themes of modern British history: the impact of industrial change on urban development, the effect of disaster on political reform, the growth of the state, and the relationship between masculinity and trade unionism in creating a professional identity"--Provided by publisher.
Save the Bees tells the story of three friends working together to make Clover's pollination route easier with a heartwarming lesson of environmentalism and conservation that will stay with the reader for a lifetime.
What did you have for breakfast this morning? Toast, cereal, juice, and fruit? Thank the honey bees! About one out of every three mouthfuls we eat is affected by honey bee pollination. In Explore Honey Bees! With 25 Great Projects, young readers learn about honey bee colonies, why honey bees live in hives, how honey bees communicate with each other, and why they are so important to human lives. Colony collapse disorder first appeared in 2006 and since then beekeepers have seen disappearances of 30 to 90 percent of their bee colonies each year. Readers learn about possible reasons behind and solutions to this growing global problem. Explore Honey Bees! offers a glimpse into a miniature world familiar to children. Activities include designing a hive and making a model of a flower’s reproductive system, reinforcing the math and science skills readers gain from the text. Fun facts and colorful illustrations make learning fun and exciting. Links to online primary sources integrate a digital learning experience and offer opportunities to delve deeper into the world of honey bees. This title meets Common Core State Standards in language arts, science and technology; Guided Reading Levels and Lexile measurements indicate grade level and text complexity.
We should thank a pollinator at every meal. These diminutive creatures fertilize a third of the crops we eat. Yet half of the 200,000 species of pollinators are threatened. Birds, bats, insects, and many other pollinators are disappearing, putting our entire food supply in jeopardy. Protecting Pollinators breaks down the latest science on environmental threats and takes readers inside the most promising conservation efforts. Efforts range from cities creating butterfly highways to citizen scientists monitoring migration. Along with inspiring stories of revival and lessons from failed projects, readers will find practical tips to get involved. And they will be reminded of the magic of pollinators--the iconic monarchs, dainty hummingbirds, and homely bats alike who bring food to our tables.
