Population Agriculture And Biodiversity

Author : J. Perry Gustafson,Peter H. Raven,Paul R. Ehrlich
Publisher : University of Missouri Press
Page : 425 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2020-05-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780826274403

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Population, Agriculture, and Biodiversity by J. Perry Gustafson,Peter H. Raven,Paul R. Ehrlich Pdf

This timely collection of 15 original essays written by expert scientists the world over addresses the relationships between human population growth, the need to increase food supplies to feed the world population, and the chances for avoiding the extinction of a major proportion of the world's plant and animal species that collectively makes our survival on Earth possible. These relationships are highly intertwined, and changes in each of them steadily decrease humankind’s chances to achieve environmental stability on our fragile planet. The world population is projected to be nine to ten billion by 2050, signaling the need to increase world food production by more than 70 percent on the same amount of land currently under production—and this without further damaging our fragile environment. The essays in this collection, written by experts for laypersons, present the problems we face with clarity and assess our prospects for solving them, calling for action but holding out viable solutions.

Author : Richard P. Cincotta,Larry J. Gorenflo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2011-02-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642167072

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Human Population by Richard P. Cincotta,Larry J. Gorenflo Pdf

In this volume the dynamic patterns of human density and distribution are examined in relation to the viability of native species and the integrity of their habitats. Social, biological, and earth scientists describe their models, outline their conclusions from field studies, and review the contributions of other scientists whose work is essential to this field. The book starts with general theories and broad empirical relationships that help explain dramatic changes in the patterns of the occurrence of species, changes that have developed in parallel with human population growth, migration and settlement. In the following chapters specific biomes and ecosystems are highlighted as the context for human interactions with other species. A discussion of the key themes and findings covered rounds out the volume. All in all, the work presents our species, Homo sapiens, as what we truly have been and will likely remain—an influential, and often the most influential, constituent in nearly every major ecosystem on Earth.

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 78 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2018-06-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789251067482

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Biodiversity for Food and Agriculture by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

This publication considers what is involved in ensuring that biodiversity contributes to improved food security. It summarizes the major challenges expected over the next 40 years and offers a perspective on the fundamental changes needed to ensure that biodiversity contributes to sustainable and productive systems.

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 196 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2018-06-26
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789251305294

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Agrobiodiversity - a training manual for farmer groups in East Africa by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

Farmers play a crucial role in the preservation and sustainable use of agrobiodiversity. In fact, the diversity of species that support our current agricultural production systems has been carefully managed and shaped by farming communities, over the course of the history of humankind. Farmers act as custodian of the Earth’s agrobiodiversity resources, and play a big part in preserving traditional plant and animal varieties, and the knowledge associated with these. FAO has long been working on promoting approaches to agriculture that enable both the sustainable use of biodiversity resources for food and agriculture, and their conservation, and on supporting farmers to make informed decisions on their farm management and production practices. This training manual fits in this broader commitment, to support a shift towards a paradigm of agricultural production that can sustain food and nutrition security while at the same time cause the least harm to natural ecosystems. The manual is intended as an introduction to agricultural biodiversity, and to its relevance to different aspects of agricultural production and management for smallholder farmers in Kenya. It includes eight different training modules, each covering a specific aspect related to agrobiodiversity. The modules are standalone and can be used independently one from the other, depending on the user’s or project’s aim. The materials were originally prepared within the FAO- Netherlands Partnership Programme (FNPP) and have been updated, revised and published under the second phase of the European Union-funded project “Capacity-building related to multilateral environmental agreements (MEAs) in Africa, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries”.

Author : Melinda Smale,István Már,Devra I. Jarvis
Publisher : Bioversity International
Page : 79 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Agriculture
ISBN : 9789290435440

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Economics of Conserving Agricultural Biodiversity On-Farm by Melinda Smale,István Már,Devra I. Jarvis Pdf

Author : Mubeteneh Tankou
Publisher : African Books Collective
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2014-01-22
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9789956791095

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The Interactions of Human Mobility and Farming Systems on Biodiversity and Soil Quality in the Western Highlands of Cameroon by Mubeteneh Tankou Pdf

Population growth and the drop in the returns from the major cash crop (coffee) for small farmers are the main drivers that have influenced the farming systems and mobility of farmers in the Western Highlands of Cameroon. The main objective of the research that led to this book was to determine the interactions between farming systems and human mobility in this region of Cameroon. A comparative study was conducted through household and field surveys in three villages and conceptualized based on the systems approach. The different types of mobility were influenced by household social factors, the quest for high valued farm plots and hired labour. Urban-rural migration contributed to occupation diversification and social mobility. The sustainability factor was a function of land use intensity, intensity of off-farm inputs, the household adjustment factor and mobility of the household. The sacred groves were rich in plant diversity of varied ecological and economic importance. Nitrogen mining was common at all levels of the farming system. These determinants and types of mobility claims are pertinent to the research area; the sustainability results of the farming systems reflect the reality on the ground; the nutrient flux evaluated at the crop and farm levels constitute a valuable database for future research.

Author : Jitendra Srivastava,Nigel J. H. Smith,Douglas Forno
Publisher : Washington, DC : The World Bank
Page : 146 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Agricultural conservation
ISBN : WISC:89057513251

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Biodiversity and Agricultural Intensification by Jitendra Srivastava,Nigel J. H. Smith,Douglas Forno Pdf

Agriculture as friende and foe of biodiversity; Harmonizing biodiversity conservation and agricultural development; Plicy considerations along the interface between biodiversity and agriculture; Effects of land-use systems on the use and conservation of biodiversity; Effects of agricultural development on biodiversity: lessons from iowa; Livestock production systms and the management of domestic animal biodiversity; Biodiversity and the world bank's agricultural portfolio; Toward a strategy for mainstreaming biodiversity in agricultural development.

Author : Saul Cunningham,Andrew Young,David Lindenmayer
Publisher : CSIRO PUBLISHING
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2012-07-18
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780643104099

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Land Use Intensification by Saul Cunningham,Andrew Young,David Lindenmayer Pdf

There can be little doubt that there are truly colossal challenges associated with providing food, fibre and energy for an expanding world population without further accelerating already rapid rates of biodiversity loss and undermining the ecosystem processes on which we all depend. These challenges are further complicated by rapid changes in climate and its additional direct impacts on agriculture, biodiversity and ecological processes. There are many different viewpoints about the best way to deal with the myriad issues associated with land use intensification and this book canvasses a number of these from different parts of the tropical and temperate world. Chapters focus on whether science can suggest new and improved approaches to reducing the conflict between productive land use and biodiversity conservation. Who should read this book? Policy makers in regional, state and federal governments, as well as scientists and the interested lay public.

Author : Ivette Perfecto,John Vandermeer,Angus Wright
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2019-05-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780429650284

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Nature's Matrix by Ivette Perfecto,John Vandermeer,Angus Wright Pdf

When first published in 2009, Nature’s Matrix set out a radical new approach to the conservation of biodiversity. This new edition pushes the frontier of the biodiversity/agriculture debate further, making an even stronger case for the need to transform agriculture and support small- and medium-scale agroecology and food sovereignty. In the first edition, the authors set out a radical new approach to the conservation of biodiversity. This is based on the concept of a landscape as a matrix of diverse, small-scale agricultural ecosystems, providing opportunities to enhance conservation under the stewardship of local farmers. This contrasts with the alternative view of industrial-scale farms and large protected areas which exclude local people. However, since then the debate around conservation and agriculture has developed significantly and this is reflected in this updated second edition. The text is thoroughly revised, including: a reorganization of chapters with new and timely topics introduced, updates to the discussion of agroecology and food sovereignty, bringing it in line with the current debates, greater coverage of the role of agroecology, in particular agroforestry, as an important component of climate change adaptation and mitigation, highlighting recent studies on the role of intensive agriculture in climate change and loss of biodiversity, and more attention given to the discussion of land sparing versus land sharing. By integrating the ecological aspects of agriculture and conservation biology, with a political and social analysis as well as historical perspective, the book continues to set a progressive agenda and appeals to a wide range of students and professionals.

Author : Jessica Fanzo,Danny Hunter,Teresa Borelli,Federico Mattei
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 422 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2013-06-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781136461453

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Diversifying Food and Diets by Jessica Fanzo,Danny Hunter,Teresa Borelli,Federico Mattei Pdf

Currently 868 million people are undernourished and 195 million children under five years of age are stunted. At the same time, over 1 billion people are overweight and obese in both the developed and developing world. Diseases previously associated with affluence, such as cancer, diabetes and cardio-vascular disease, are on the rise. Food system-based approaches to addressing these problems that could enhance food availability and diet quality through local production and agricultural biodiversity often fall outside the traditional scope of nutrition, and have been under-researched. As a consequence, there remains insufficient evidence to support well-defined, scalable agricultural biodiversity interventions that can be linked to improvements in nutrition outcomes. Agricultural biodiversity is important for food and nutritional security, as a safeguard against hunger, a source of nutrients for improved dietary diversity and quality, and strengthening local food systems and environmental sustainability. This book explores the current state of knowledge on the role of agricultural biodiversity in improving diets, nutrition and food security. Using examples and case studies from around the globe, the book explores current strategies for improving nutrition and diets and identifies key research and implementation gaps that need to be addressed to successfully promote the better use of agricultural biodiversity for rural and urban populations and societies in transition.

Author : Hope Shand,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,Rural Advancement Foundation International
Publisher : RAFI
Page : 110 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Agrobiodiversity
ISBN : CORNELL:31924073882395

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Human Nature by Hope Shand,Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,Rural Advancement Foundation International Pdf

This book is organised into three parts. The first part provides an introduction to the topic of agricultural biodiversity. The second part assesses each major sector; crop genetic resources, farm animal diversity, fish and aquatic life, forests, soil biodiversity and microbial genetic resources. The third part of the book focuses on outstanding policy issues and examines the emerging policy agenda for agricultural biodiversity. The loss of agricultural biodiversity threatens world food-security and this theme runs central to the chapters in this book.

Author : Joseph Cooper,Leslie Lipper,David Zilberman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2006-05-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780387254098

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Agricultural Biodiversity and Biotechnology in Economic Development by Joseph Cooper,Leslie Lipper,David Zilberman Pdf

This volume summarizes the current state of knowledge in the economic literature of management of agricultural biotechnology and biodiversity in agricultural and economic development. It identifies key issues confronting policy makers in managing biodiversity and biotechnology and provides a broad, multi-disciplinary analysis of the linkage between the two. It is especially innovative in its use of plant genetic resource management as the basis for is analysis.

Author : Danny Hunter,Luigi Guarino,Charles Spillane,Peter C. McKeown
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 692 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2017-10-03
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781317753292

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Routledge Handbook of Agricultural Biodiversity by Danny Hunter,Luigi Guarino,Charles Spillane,Peter C. McKeown Pdf

The world relies on very few crop and animal species for agriculture and to supply its food needs. In recent decades, there has been increased appreciation of the risk this implies for food security and quality, especially in times of environmental change. As a result, agricultural biodiversity has moved to the top of research and policy agendas. This Handbook presents a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge of agricultural biodiversity in a series of specially commissioned chapters. It draws on multiple disciplines including plant and animal genetics, ecology, crop and animal science, food studies and nutrition, as well as social science subjects which explore the socio-economic, cultural, institutional, legal and policy aspects of agricultural biodiversity. It focuses not only on the core requirements to deliver a sustainable agriculture and food supply, but also highlights the additional ecosystem services provided by a diverse and resilient agricultural landscape and farming practices. The book provides an indispensable reference textbook for a wide range of courses in agriculture, ecology, biodiversity conservation and environmental studies.

Author : Daniel Imhoff,Jo Ann Baumgartner
Publisher : Post Carbon Institute
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2012-07-16
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780984630424

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Farming and the Fate of Wild Nature by Daniel Imhoff,Jo Ann Baumgartner Pdf

Farming and the Fate of Wild Nature addresses an urgent and complex issue facing communities and cultures throughout the world: the need for heightened land stewardship and conservation in an era of diminishing natural resources. Agricultural lands in rural areas are being purchased for development. Water scarcities are pitting urban and development expansion against agriculture and conservation needs. The farming population is ageing and retiring, while those who remain struggle against low commodity prices, international competition, rising production costs, and the threat of disappearing subsidies. We are living amidst a major extinction crisis--much of it driven by agriculture--as well as an increasing shift toward a global urban populace. The modern diet, driven by a grain-fed livestock industry, is no longer connected with the ecosystems that support it. In international circles, experts are arguing that further intensification of agriculture (through industrialization and genetic modification) will be necessary to both feed an exploding human population and to save what is left of wild biodiversity. This book takes up where its predecessor, the award-winning Farming with the Wild, left off. Featuring a wide range of in-depth essays, articles, and other materials by such authors as Aldo Leopold, Wendell Berry, Michael Pollan, Fred Kirschenmann, and Daniel Imhoff, this book persuasively demonstrates that farm and ranch operations which coexist with wild nature are necessary to sustain biodiversity and beauty on the landscape. In fact, as this invaluable educational resource demonstrates, they are essential in the challenge of building sane, healthy, and hopeful human societies.

Author : Gbolagade Akeem Lameed
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2012-08-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789535107194

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Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in a Diverse World by Gbolagade Akeem Lameed Pdf

This book "Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in a Diverse World" sees biodiversity as management and utilization of resources in satisfying human needs in multi-sectional areas including agriculture, forestry, fisheries, wildlife and other exhaustible and inexhaustible resources. Its value is to fulfill actual human preferences and variability of life is measured by amount of genetic variation available. In viewing diversity as an ultimate moral value, one is faced with a situation in environmental preservation in order to allow components of total diversity to flourish and constitute a threat to continuous existence and decrease total diversity. The overall importance described economic benefits from bio-diversity, though difficult to measure and varying, but are limited on a local scale, increase on a regional or national scale and become potentially substantial on a transnational or global scale.