Pragmatics Utterance Meaning And Representational Gesture

Author : Jack Wilson
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2024-02-28
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781009033534

Get Book

Pragmatics, Utterance Meaning, and Representational Gesture by Jack Wilson Pdf

Humans produce utterances intentionally. Visible bodily action, or gesture, has long been acknowledged as part of the broader activity of speaking, but it is only recently that the role of gesture during utterance production and comprehension has been the focus of investigation. If we are to understand the role of gesture in communication, we must answer the following questions: Do gestures communicate? Do people produce gestures with an intention to communicate? This Element argues that the answer to both these questions is yes. Gestures are (or can be) communicative in all the ways language is. This Element arrives at this conclusion on the basis that communication involves prediction. Communicators predict the behaviours of themselves and others, and such predictions guide the production and comprehension of utterance. This Element uses evidence from experimental and neuroscientific studies to argue that people produce gestures because doing so improves such predictions.

Author : N. J. Enfield
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2009-03-26
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781139478694

Get Book

The Anatomy of Meaning by N. J. Enfield Pdf

How do we understand what others are trying to say? The answer cannot be found in language alone. Words are linked to hand gestures and other visible phenomena to create unified 'composite utterances'. In this book N. J. Enfield presents original case studies of speech-with-gesture based on fieldwork carried out with speakers of Lao (a language of Southeast Asia). He examines pointing gestures (including lip and finger-pointing) and illustrative gestures (examples include depicting fish traps and tracing kinship relations). His detailed analyses focus on the 'semiotic unification' problem, that is, how to make a single interpretation when multiple signs occur together. Enfield's arguments have implications for all branches of science with a stake in meaning and its place in human social life. The book will appeal to all researchers interested in the study of meaning, including linguists, anthropologists, and psychologists.

Author : Cornelia Müller
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Body language
ISBN : STANFORD:36105114738516

Get Book

The Semantics and Pragmatics of Everyday Gestures by Cornelia Müller Pdf

TABLE OF CONTENT TOWARDS A LEXICOGRAPHY OF GESTURES MASSIMO SERENARI: The structure of dictionary entries - results of empirical investigations REINHARD KRÜGER: Fare le corna and the invention of a novel. Théophile Gautiers Gettatura (1857) and De Jorio's Mimica degli antichi (1832) or, problems of a gesture-etymology GRIGORII E. KREIDLIN: Russian gestures and Russian phraseology I. Types of lexical information and the structure of lexical entries in a dictionary of Russian gestures ISABELLA POGGI: The Italian gestionary. Meaning representation, ambiguity, and context PIO ENRICO RICCI BITTI / SILVANA CONTENTO: Symbolic gestures and gesturing in communication LLUÍS PAYRATÓ: Notes on pragmatic and social aspects of everyday gestures PETER COLLETT: Problems and procedures in the study of gestures TOWARDS A DOCUMENTATION OF GESTURE USES PENNY BOYES BRÄM / THÜRING BRÄM: Expressive gestures used by classical orchestra conductors GENEVIÈVE CALBRIS: Déixis représentative DAVID MCNEILL / KARL-ERIK MCCULLOUGH / SUSAN D. DUNCAN: An ontogenetic universal and how to explain it ADAM KENDON: Contrasts in gesticulation: A Neapolitan and a British speaker compared MONICA RECTOR / SALVATO TRIGO: Body signs: Portuguese communication on three continents MANDANA SEYFEDDINIPUR: Meta-discursive gestures from Iran: Some uses of the 'Pistol Hand' RAGNHILD NEUMANN: The conventionalization of the Ring Gesture in German discourse CHRISTINE KÜHN: Body and soul: Gestures as mediators in communication CORNELIA MÜLLER: Forms and uses of the Palm Up Open Hand: A case of a gesture family?

Author : Frangois Recanati
Publisher : CUP Archive
Page : 298 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 1987
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0521303532

Get Book

Meaning and Force by Frangois Recanati Pdf

Author : Mandana Seyfeddinipur,Marianne Gullberg
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 379 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2014-08-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027269270

Get Book

From Gesture in Conversation to Visible Action as Utterance by Mandana Seyfeddinipur,Marianne Gullberg Pdf

Language use is fundamentally multimodal. Speakers use their hands to point to locations, to represent content and to comment on ongoing talk; they position their bodies to show their orientation and stance in interaction; they use facial displays to comment on what is being said; and they engage in mutual gaze to establish intersubjectivity. This volume brings together studies by leading scholars from several fields on gaze and facial displays, on the relationship between gestures, sign, and language, on pointing and other conventionalized forms of manual expression, on gestures and language evolution, and on gestures in child development. The papers in this collection honor Adam Kendon whose pioneering work has laid the theoretical and methodological foundations for contemporary studies of multimodality, gestures, and utterance visible action.

Author : Stephen C. Levinson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 92 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2024-04-11
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781009489621

Get Book

The Dark Matter of Pragmatics by Stephen C. Levinson Pdf

This Element tries to discern the known unknowns in the field of Pragmatics, the 'Dark Matter' of the title. The authors can identify a key bottleneck in human communication, the sheer limitation on the speed of speech encoding: Pragmatics occupies the niche nestled between slow speech encoding and fast comprehension. Pragmatic strategies are tricks for evading this tight encoding bottleneck by meaning more than you say. Five such tricks are reviewed, which are all domains where the authors have made considerable progress. The authors can then ask for each of these areas, where have the authors neglected to push the frontier forward? These are the known unknowns of pragmatics, key areas, and topics for future research. The Element thus offers a brief review of some central areas of pragmatics, and a survey of targets for future research. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.

Author : Chi-Hé Elder
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 115 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2024-03-31
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781009041928

Get Book

Pragmatic Inference by Chi-Hé Elder Pdf

This Element investigates the role that inference plays in pragmatic models of communication, bringing together a range of scholarship that characterises inference in different ways for different purposes.

Author : Pilar G. Blitvich
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 165 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2024-02-29
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781009204705

Get Book

Pragmatics, (Im)Politeness, and Intergroup Communication by Pilar G. Blitvich Pdf

This Element shows the basis for pragmatics/(im)politeness to become intergroup-oriented to be able to consider interactions in which social identities are salient or are essentially collective in nature, such as Cancel Culture (CC). CC is a form of ostracism involving the collective withdrawal of support and concomitant group exclusion of individuals perceived as having behaved in ways construed as immoral and thus displaying disdain for group normativity. To analyze this type of collective phenomenon, a three-layered model that tackles CC manifestations at the macro, meso, and micro levels is used. At the meso/micro levels, problematize extant conceptualizations of CC -mostly focused on the macro level and describe it as a Big C Conversation, whose meso-level practices need to be understood as genre-ecology, and where identity reduction, im/politeness, and moral emotions synergies are key to understand group entitativity and agency.

Author : Rosina Márquez Reiter
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 118 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2024-02-29
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781009206600

Get Book

Leveraging Relations in Diaspora by Rosina Márquez Reiter Pdf

This Element expands the horizon of sociopragmatic research by offering a first inquiry into the sociocultural norms that underlie the establishment and maintenance of interpersonal relations in a diasporic context. Based on accounts of the practices that Spanish-speaking Latin Americans engage in pursuit of employment, primarily gathered in life-story interviews, it captures the social reality of members of this social group as they build interpersonal relations and establish new contractual obligations with each other away from home. It examines occupational recommendations as a diasporic relational practice whereby the relationship between the recommender and the recommendee becomes part of the value being exchanged and the moral order on which the practice is established and maintained through an interlocked system of favours. The Element offers new social pragmatics insights beyond the dyad in a contemporary globalised context characterised by social inequality.

Author : Jef Verschueren,Jan-Ola Östman
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027207784

Get Book

Key Notions for Pragmatics by Jef Verschueren,Jan-Ola Östman Pdf

The ten volumes of "Handbook of Pragmatics Highlights" focus on the most salient topics in the field of pragmatics, thus dividing its wide interdisciplinary spectrum in a transparent and manageable way. While the other volumes select specific philosophical, cognitive, grammatical, social, cultural, variational, interactional, or discursive angles, this first volume reviews basic notions that pervade the pragmatic literature, such as deixis, implicitness, speech acts, context, and the like. It situates the field of pragmatics, broadly defined as the cognitive, social, and cultural science of language use, in relation to a general concept of communication and the discipline of semiotics. It also touches upon the non-verbal aspects of language use and even ventures a comparison with non-human forms of communication. The introductory chapter, moreover, explains why a highly diversified field of scholarship such as pragmatics can be regarded as a potentially coherent enterprise.

Author : John Searle,F. Kiefer,M. Bierwisch
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789400989641

Get Book

Speech Act Theory and Pragmatics by John Searle,F. Kiefer,M. Bierwisch Pdf

In the study of language, as in any other systematic study, there is no neutral terminology. Every technical term is an expression of the assumptions and theoretical presuppositions of its users; and in this introduction, we want to clarify some of the issues that have surrounded the assumptions behind the use of the two terms "speech acts" and "pragmatics". The notion of a speech act is fairly well understood. The theory of speech acts starts with the assumption that the minimal unit of human communica tion is not a sentence or other expression, but rather the performance of certain kinds of acts, such as making statements, asking questions, giving orders, describing, explaining, apologizing, thanking, congratulating, etc. Characteristically, a speaker performs one or more of these acts by uttering a sentence or sentences; but the act itself is not to be confused with a sentence or other expression uttered in its performance. Such types of acts as those exemplified above are called, following Austin, illocutionary acts, and they are standardly contrasted in the literature with certain other types of acts such as perlocutionary acts and propositional acts. Perlocutionary acts have to do with those effects which our utterances have on hearers which go beyond the hearer's understanding of the utterance. Such acts as convincing, persuading, annoying, amusing, and frightening are all cases of perlocutionary acts.

Author : Frank Brisard,Jan-Ola Östman,Jef Verschueren
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2009-08-11
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027289186

Get Book

Grammar, Meaning and Pragmatics by Frank Brisard,Jan-Ola Östman,Jef Verschueren Pdf

The ten volumes of Handbook of Pragmatics Highlights focus on the most salient topics in the field of pragmatics, thus dividing its wide interdisciplinary spectrum in a transparent and manageable way. While other volumes select philosophical, cognitive, cultural, social, variational, interactional, or discursive points of view, this fifth volume looks at the field of linguistic pragmatics from a primarily grammatical angle. That is, it asks in which particular sense a variety of older and more recent functional (rather than generative) models of grammar relate to the study of language in use: how this affects their general outlook on language structure, whether issues of language use inform the very makeup of these models or are merely included as possible research themes, and how far the actual integration of pragmatics ultimately goes (is it a module/layer or is the model truly “usage-based”?). Each of the authors presenting these models has taken systematic care to highlight the relevant problems and focus on the implications of considering pragmatic phenomena from the point of view of grammar. Furthermore, a limited number of chapters deal with traditional topics in the grammatical literature, and specifically those which are called pragmatic because they either are not strictly concerned with truth (semantics), or receive their (truth) value only from an interaction with context. In the introduction, these theories and topics are set up against the historical background of a gradually changing attitude, on the part of grammarians, towards questions of linguistic knowledge and behavior, and the role of learning in their relationship.

Author : Geoffrey N. Leech
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2016-02-17
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781317869474

Get Book

Principles of Pragmatics by Geoffrey N. Leech Pdf

Over the years, pragmatics - the study of the use and meaning of utterances to their situations - has become a more and more important branch of linguistics, as the inadequacies of a purely formalist, abstract approach to the study of language have become more evident. This book presents a rhetorical model of pragmatics: that is, a model which studies linguistic communication in terms of communicative goals and principles of 'good communicative behaviour'. In this respect, Geoffrey Leech argues for a rapprochement between linguistics and the traditional discipline of rhetoric. He does not reject the Chomskvan revolution of linguistics, but rather maintains that the language system in the abstract - i.e. the 'grammar' broadly in Chomsky's sense - must be studied in relation to a fully developed theory of language use. There is therefore a division of labour between grammar and rhetoric, or (in the study of meaning) between semantics and pragmatics. The book's main focus is thus on the development of a model of pragmatics within an overall functional model of language. In this it builds on the speech avct theory of Austin and Searle, and the theory of conversational implicature of Grice, but at the same time enlarges pragmatics to include politeness, irony, phatic communion, and other social principles of linguistic behaviour.

Author : Gale Stam,Mika Ishino
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789027228451

Get Book

Integrating Gestures by Gale Stam,Mika Ishino Pdf

Gestures are ubiquitous and natural in our everyday life. They convey information about culture, discourse, thought, intentionality, emotion, intersubjectivity, cognition, and first and second language acquisition. Additionally, they are used by non-human primates to communicate with their peers and with humans. Consequently, the modern field of gesture studies has attracted researchers from a number of different disciplines such as anthropology, cognitive science, communication, neuroscience, psycholinguistics, primatology, psychology, robotics, sociology and semiotics. This volume presents an overview of the depth and breadth of current research in gesture. Its focus is on the interdisciplinary nature of gesture. The twenty-six chapters included in the volume are divided into six sections or themes: the nature and functions of gesture, first language development and gesture, second language effects on gesture, gesture in the classroom and in problem solving, gesture aspects of discourse and interaction, and gestural analysis of music and dance.

Author : Ken Turner
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780857249098

Get Book

Making Semantics Pragmatic by Ken Turner Pdf

A collection of invited papers that intends to explore the nature of the semantics/pragmatics interface by examining the extent to which the analysis of certain expressions or constructions can be pragmaticised. It contains papers that address the topic of 'making pragmatics semantic'.