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Author : Jonathan D. Pollack,Chung Min Lee Publisher : RAND Corporation Page : 124 pages File Size : 49,8 Mb Release : 1999 Category : History ISBN : UCSD:31822027834621
Preparing for Korean Unification by Jonathan D. Pollack,Chung Min Lee Pdf
This study examines four alternative scenarios that would result in the unification of the Korean peninsula. The authors describe the defining characteristics of each scenario, potential indicators that would predict specific outcomes, some possible variations in paths to unification, and some operational implications for the U.S. Army under different conditions and circumstances. The four scenarios (peaceful unification, collapse and absorption, unification through armed conflict, and disequilibrium and external intervention) highlight both the increasing vulnerabilities of the North Korean state and the substantial uncertainties that attach to each outcome and to the potential U.S. policy respones.
Preparing North Korean Elites for Unification by Bruce W. Bennett Pdf
For years, the Republic of Korea (also known as South Korea) has pursued a policy of peaceful reunification with North Korea. This report examines what could be done to convince North Korean elites that unification would be good for them.
Since the conclusion of World War II, the Korean people and the international community have contemplated a unified peninsula, but a divided Korea remains one of the last visible vestiges of the Cold War. What will removing this specter entail? And with what should it be replaced? Similar to the unification of East and West Germany, merging North and South Korea is likely the only means of achieving stability and lasting peace on the peninsula. However, after decades of a divided existence--with South Korea now thriving as a democracy and North Korea barely subsisting as a Stalinist dictatorship--this task will be monumental. What form of government would likely emerge, given the North Korean regime's practice of completely controlling its population? How would its citizens, indoctrinated by decades of Juche ideology, be assimilated into a larger community of capitalists? What would become of North Korea's military of 1.2 million? How would a reunified government exercise control over the North's starving masses? These questions are only some of the core issues addressed in Korean Unification: Inevitable Challenges. Jacques L. Fuqua Jr. argues that diplomatic, humanitarian, cultural, and military solutions must coincide to create peace and stability in the Korean Peninsula that could thus extend to elsewhere in Asia.
Jong-Chul Park and Jeong-Ho Roh,Korea Institute for National Unification (South Korea)
Author : Jong-Chul Park and Jeong-Ho Roh,Korea Institute for National Unification (South Korea) Publisher : 길잡이미디어 Page : 268 pages File Size : 49,6 Mb Release : 2014-12-31 Category : International relations ISBN : 9788984797987
Law and Policy on Korean Unification by Jong-Chul Park and Jeong-Ho Roh,Korea Institute for National Unification (South Korea) Pdf
The aim of this project is to research the necessity of international cooperation on Korean unification in legal terms as South Korea’s Unification Policy and how issues of the Korean Peninsula have been dealt with in the international framework. Since this is the second year of a five-year project, the conceptual aspect requires clarification in the overall aspect and this requires a multidisciplinary approach. But the main focus remains the legal aspect, international law, in particular. This study assumes that unification will be a gradual process, generally in three stages: (1) inter-Korean cooperation, (2) negotiation for inter-Korean unification (be it North Korea’s collapse, or actual inter-Korean negotiation for unification, this stage includes any inter-Korean negotiation for unification and international negotiation formula, such as Six Party Talks, etc.), and (3) post-unification integration. The study begins with the understanding that South Korea needs to be prepared for legal matters potentially arising in these processes. The project this year, in particular, deals with the legal issues that should be dealt with in the first and second stages. The scope of the papers in this project covers four main areas. The first is time span. The research for this project covers the 19th century to the present and draws future-oriented implications, but the main focus is on current issues. The second is in regard to approaches. The study deals with three main approaches: historical, political, and legal, but for purposes of this project, the main focus is on the legal aspect. The third concerns the issues addressed. These are the nuclear issue, the military issue, inter-Korean cooperation issues, and the human rights issue. Finally, the scope of actors considered includes South and North Korea, neighboring countries (the U.S., China, Japan, and Russia), and international organizations (e.g., UN, WFP, WHO, etc.). The papers included here are organized into three main sections. The first concerns the meaning of Korean unification and the context of international cooperation. Park Jong-Chul provides a general overview of the Park Geun-Hye administration’s North Korea and unification policy, referred to as “Trustpolitik,” and the trust-building process on the Korean Peninsula, as well as the need for international cooperation. Sue Mi Terry examines the U.S. and China’s perspective on the issues laid out above. She explores areas where U.S.-China interests converge and diverge and whether strategic cooperation and coordination between the two nations are possible in the case of Korean unification. The second section presents historical and legal perspectives related to the situation on the Korean peninsula. Charles K. Armstrong’s work on the historical perspective is divided into three sections chronologically: (1) the struggle of 19th Century Korea to become a modern sovereign state and its failure with the advent of colonial rule, (2) war leading to the division of the Korean Peninsula, and (3) the inter-Korean situation based on de facto recognition (as opposed to de jure) as a political entity arising out of the 1972 Joint Communiqué and the “special relationship” from then on. Next, Roh Jeong-Ho provides a legal approach to the question of inter-Korean relations and the debate on unification by dividing the period from 1876 to the present day into five distinct periods and examining the limitations to the legal order and the evolution of world order as they pertain to Korea. Finally, Leon V. Sigal discusses how international law and institutions might improve South Korean security and facilitate inter-Korean reconciliation with special attention to confidence-building in the West Sea. The third section examines in greater detail the legal aspects of Inter-Korean Cooperation and human rights. Regarding human rights, it is important to consider the link between inter-Korean cooperation and human rights. The improvement of human rights and people’s livelihood in North Korea, which is part of the ultimate goal of unification, can be achieved by inter-Korean cooperation. Inter-Korean cooperation leads to inducing change in North Korea, which then logically leads to the improvement of human rights in North Korea. Lee Hyo-Won focuses on the legal matters regarding the establishment of a DMZ World Peace Park. Soung Jea-Hyen looks at the legal matters regarding the internationalization of the Gaeseong Industrial Complex. Cho Jung-Hyun provides an analysis of the contents and legal implications of the recent outcome of the UN Commission of Inquiry (COI) on Human Rights in the DPRK, such as the meaning of stating “crimes against humanity,” the notion of Responsibility to Protect (R2P) in respect to North Korea, and transitional justice in the possible post-unification stage. Finally, David Hawk tracks North Korean human rights developments in the post-COI period. Preface/ Jong-Chul Park and Jeong-Ho Roh I. The Meaning of Korean Unification in the Context of International Cooperation South Korea’s TrustPolitik and International Cooperation.....1 South Korea’s TrustPolitik and International Cooperation/ Jong-Chul Park.....3 U.S.-China Rivalry and the Unification of the Korean Peninsula/ Sue Mi Terry.....31 II. The Situation on the Korean Peninsula: Historical and Legal Perspectives .....59 An Unfinished Project: Challenges and Struggles of Korea to Become a Modern Sovereign Nation-State/ Charles K. Armstrong.....61 The Limits of Legal Order in an Evolving World Order on the Korean Peninsula/ Jeong-Ho Roh.....89 Legal Approaches to Korean Security in the Early Stages of Unification: The Armistice Agreement and the NLL/ Leon V. Sigal.....119 III. Legal Aspects of Inter-Korean Cooperation and Human Rights.....145 Legal Perspective and International Cooperation on World Peace Park in DMZ between South and North Korea / Hyo-Won Lee.....147 Plan for the Internationalization of the Kaesong Industrial Region and the Resolution of Its Commercial Disputes/ Jea-Hyen Soung.....169 The Report of the UN Commission of Inquiry (COI) on North Korean Human Rights: Some International Legal Analyses/ Jung-Hyun Cho.....195 North Korea’s Response to the UN Commission of Inquiry (COI) Report on the Situation of Human Rights in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea/ David Hawk.....213 Contributors.....251
Huh Moon Young, Cha Moon Seok, Jeong Young Tai, Jung Hyun Soo, Kang Gu Sup, Kwon Oh Kook, Kwon Young Kyong, Park Jong Chul, Son Gi Woong, Yeo In Kon,Korea Institute for National Unification (South Korea)
Author : Huh Moon Young, Cha Moon Seok, Jeong Young Tai, Jung Hyun Soo, Kang Gu Sup, Kwon Oh Kook, Kwon Young Kyong, Park Jong Chul, Son Gi Woong, Yeo In Kon,Korea Institute for National Unification (South Korea) Publisher : 길잡이미디어 Page : 255 pages File Size : 53,9 Mb Release : 2013-04-10 Category : Korea (North) ISBN : 9788984796904
Basic Reading on Korean Unification by Huh Moon Young, Cha Moon Seok, Jeong Young Tai, Jung Hyun Soo, Kang Gu Sup, Kwon Oh Kook, Kwon Young Kyong, Park Jong Chul, Son Gi Woong, Yeo In Kon,Korea Institute for National Unification (South Korea) Pdf
Education to Strengthen our Capabilities for Peaceful Unification The 20th century was on era of “extremes” that was marked by several ideological confrontations and wars. It was a long age of persecution and patience, especially on the part of the Koreans. Nevertheless, the ideology that drove the world into chaos and the leaders who led the hostile inter-Korean relations are now fading from the center stage of history. On December 17, 2011, Kim Jong Il died after ruling North Korea with blood-and-iron politics for 37 years. The global community is now expecting significant changes within the North Korean regime, the relations between the two Koreas, and the East Asian order. The year 2015 will mark the 70th anniversary of the Korean division, which occurred in three overlapping phases: territorial, regime, and emotional. The first phase, territorial division, was introduced on August 15, 1945 when Soviet and U.S. forces divided the peninsula along the 38th parallel. The second phase, regime(sovereignty) division, was established with the formation of two separate governments on the Korean Peninsula; the Republic of Korea(ROK) was founded on August 15, 1948 and the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea(DPRK) was established on September 9, 1948. The division was finalized as it reached the third phase, emotional division(of people), following the North Korean invasion of the South on June 25, 1950 and the subsequent three-year fratricidal war. Are we prepared to undertake unification and maintain peace on the Korean Peninsula? This issue is not only a national one that North and South Korea should resolve on their own, but it is also an international issue in which the interests of four relevant countries nations(the U.S., China, Japan, and Russia) are at stake. For this reason, peaceful unification requires the proper environment, capability and will from all parties. For the time being, we lack all three elements, as there are multiple levels of discord. In the global environment, competition is emerging between the hegemonic power in naval warfare(the U.S.) and the leading power in ground warfare(China). Within the Korean Peninsula, there is increased distrust due to North Korea’s provocative actions including two nuclear tests, the sinking of a South Korean naval ship, and the shelling of a South Korean island. There is discord even within South Korean society: ideological conflicts between the conservatives and liberals, regional confrontation between the southeastern and southwestern regions, generation gaps resulting from a rapid transition to an information-oriented society, and class conflicts that have emerged from neo-liberalism and the collapse of the middle class. Then What are the steps that we should take to make way for peaceful unification? We must first properly prioritize the issues at hand. The top priority should be given to national harmony, then international cooperation, and finally rapprochement on the Korean Peninsula. This is attributed to the fact that South Korean society characterized by internal organization and preparedness is the cornerstone of a peaceful unification; consequently, public education on unification is crucial. Despite the progress made thus far, unification education still has some shortcomings. Until this point in time, education on unification has strengthened a negative image of the North Korean situation, leading to arguments for the deferral of national unification and an increased number of people against it. Governmental programs that were intended to promote unification policies have also taken a passive, or even a critical approach on the issue due to its controversial nature. I would like to acknowledge that although multiple researchers compiled this book after much discussion and thorough review, it still has some shortcomings that will be address in the next edition. Finally, I’d like to express my deepest gratitude to the National Unification Advisory Council and the Unification Education Council for providing the videos and resources for our research...
The proposed governmental structure of the unified state is historically viable, immediately applicable and financially attractive. This new scenario for Korean unifi cation has three basic elements among others. First, the entire systems of the current democracy in South Korea will be applied across the entire Korean peninsula. Secondly, the structure will guarantee future securities of North Korean leaders and their descendants. Thirdly, it will obtain the Stability of the East Asian region through the United Nations. After the unification, all citizens of the new state will enjoy the freedom and liberty currently enjoyed by the citizens of South Korea. The division of the Korean peninsula was an unfortunate product of the Cold War created by two superpowers. Particularly after the collapse of the Soviet Blocs in the 1990s, North Korea became isolated and unable to make any advance in its economic front. The result is that the survival of its regime as a state is currently at risk. Moreover, South Korea possesses more than 30 times the economic strength in terms of GDP and twice the population of North Korea. It has a vast technological lead and has stolen away the North's allies, as well as the friendship of most other states. The economic miracle of the South was achievable under the protection of the US defense system, whereas the dismal economy of the North is a result of the continual presence of the US forces in the South and the collapse of the Soviet Blocs. In light of these economic developments, now is the time for the government of South Korea to make a bold move towards an orderly Korean unification with the guarantee of stability in East Asia through the United Nations. It is regrettable to say that the Government of North Korea must give up the idea of unifying the Korean peninsula on its own terms and accept the proposed unification mode in exchange for the future securities of the North Korean leaders and their descendants. Then, most important is the end of the human rights abuses by the North Korean regime. Also equally importantly, this new unification scenario turns out to save more than $100 Billion in unification capital cost, in comparison with other known unification scenarios. Today the two Koreas have become at best a peripheral security interest to America, while economic relations have been warming up for mutual prosperity among the powerful neighboring countries- China, Japan, Russia and the US. Their governments should unselfishly support this new unification endeavor of the Koreans along with the guarantee of stability in East Asia through the United Nations. The proposed governmental structure of the new unified state is historically viable, immediately applicable and financially attractive. Thus, the Korea unification, outlined in this proposal, will provide peace, prosperity and no further nuclear threat by the North Korean regime to all nations in the world.
Author : Paul B. Stares,Joel S. Wit Publisher : Council on Foreign Relations Page : 70 pages File Size : 43,5 Mb Release : 2009 Category : History ISBN : 9780876094266
Preparing for Sudden Change in North Korea by Paul B. Stares,Joel S. Wit Pdf
This Council Special Report ... focuses on how to manage one of the central unknowns: the prospect of a change in North Korea's leadership. The report examines three scenarios: managed succession, in which the top post transitions smoothly; contested succession, in which government officials or factions fight for power after Kim's demise; and failed succession, in which a new government cannot cement its legitimacy, possibly leading to North Korea's collapse.
The proposed governmental structure of the unified state is historically viable, immediately applicable and financially attractive. This new scenario for Korean unifi cation has three basic elements among others. First, the entire systems of the current democracy in South Korea will be applied across the entire Korean peninsula. Secondly, the structure will guarantee future securities of North Korean leaders and their descendants. Thirdly, it will obtain the Stability of the East Asian region through the United Nations. After the unification, all citizens of the new state will enjoy the freedom and liberty currently enjoyed by the citizens of South Korea. The division of the Korean peninsula was an unfortunate product of the Cold War created by two superpowers. Particularly after the collapse of the Soviet Blocs in the 1990s, North Korea became isolated and unable to make any advance in its economic front. The result is that the survival of its regime as a state is currently at risk. Moreover, South Korea possesses more than 30 times the economic strength in terms of GDP and twice the population of North Korea. It has a vast technological lead and has stolen away the North’s allies, as well as the friendship of most other states. The economic miracle of the South was achievable under the protection of the US defense system, whereas the dismal economy of the North is a result of the continual presence of the US forces in the South and the collapse of the Soviet Blocs. In light of these economic developments, now is the time for the government of South Korea to make a bold move towards an orderly Korean unification with the guarantee of stability in East Asia through the United Nations. It is regrettable to say that the Government of North Korea must give up the idea of unifying the Korean peninsula on its own terms and accept the proposed unification mode in exchange for the future securities of the North Korean leaders and their descendants. Then, most important is the end of the human rights abuses by the North Korean regime. Also equally importantly, this new unification scenario turns out to save more than $100 Billion in unification capital cost, in comparison with other known unification scenarios. Today the two Koreas have become at best a peripheral security interest to America, while economic relations have been warming up for mutual prosperity among the powerful neighboring countries- China, Japan, Russia and the US. Their governments should unselfishly support this new unification endeavor of the Koreans along with the guarantee of stability in East Asia through the United Nations. The proposed governmental structure of the new unified state is historically viable, immediately applicable and financially attractive. Thus, the Korea unification, outlined in this proposal, will provide peace, prosperity and no further nuclear threat by the North Korean regime to all nations in the world.
South Korea's 70-Year Endeavor for Foreign Policy, National Defense, and Unification by Sung-Wook Nam,Sang-Woo Rhee,Myongsob Kim Pdf
licy minds together in contemplating the risks and rewards of finally ending the 70 year stalemate between North and South Korea through reunification. While North Korea is in conflict with the United States over denuclearization and regime security, the South Korean government is focusing on economic development preparing for the day when the two Koreas are unified. This book will help scholars, activists and policy-makers from all over the world systematically understand the current diplomatic and security issues in the Korean peninsula. Sung-Wook Nam is Professor at the Department of Unification and Diplomacy, Korea University, South Korea. Sang-Woo Rhee was Professor of Political Science at Sogang University, South Korea, and served as President of Hallym University, South Korea. Myongsob Kim is Professor at the Department of Political Science and Diplomacy, Yonsei University, South Korea. Young-Ho Kim is Professor at the Department of Political Science and Foreign Affairs, Sungshin Women's University, South Korea. Yong-Sub Han is Professor at the Graduate School of Security at the Korea National Defense University, South Korea. Young-Soon Chung is Professor at the Graduate School of Korean Studies, Academy of Korean Studies, South Korea. Sung-Ok Yoo was a member of South Korean National Security Council and served as President of the Institute for National Security Strategy in South Korea.
Korean Unification in a New Era by Victor D. Cha Pdf
In light of growing discussion about the future of the Korean peninsula, the CSIS Korea Chair held a major conference featuring senior-level policy and scholarly discussions on the topic of unification, and this report provides a record of that conference. It was a landmark event addressing economic, business, political, and security opportunities of unification, and it was cohosted with the National Research Council for Economics, Humanities and Social Sciences (NRCS) of the Republic of Korea and a consortium of other institutions.
Preparing North Korean Elites for Unification by Bruce W. Bennett Pdf
This report examines what could be done to convince North Korean elites that unification would be good for them. It describes five areas of concern that North Korean elites would likely have about the outcomes of unification and proposes policies that the Republic of Korea government could adopt that would give North Korean elites hope for an acceptable unification outcome.