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Prestigious Discoveries at CERN by Roger Cashmore,Luciano Maiani,Jean-Pierre Revol Pdf
The discoveries of neutral currents and of the W and Z bosons marked a watershed in the history of CERN. They established the validity of the electroweak theory and convinced the physicists of the importance of renormalizable non-Abelian gauge theories of the fundamental interactions. The articles collected in this book have been written by distinguished physicists who contributed in a crucial way to these developments. The book is a historical account of those discoveries and of the construction and the testing of the standard model. It also reports on the future of particle physics and provides an updated status report on the LHC and its detectors being currently built at CERN. The book addresses readers interested in particle physics including the educated public.
60 Years Of Cern Experiments And Discoveries by Herwig Schopper,Luigi Di Lella Pdf
The book is a compilation of the most important experimental results achieved during the past 60 years at CERN - from the mid-1950s to the latest discovery of the Higgs particle. Covering the results from the early accelerators at CERN to those most recent at the LHC, the contents provide an excellent review of the achievements of this outstanding laboratory. Not only presented is the impressive scientific progress achieved during the past six decades, but also demonstrated is the special way in which successful international collaboration exists at CERN.
Discovery of the Higgs Boson by Aleandro Nisati,Vivek Sharma Pdf
The recent observation of the Higgs boson has been hailed as the scientific discovery of the century and led to the 2013 Nobel Prize in physics. This book describes the detailed science behind the decades-long search for this elusive particle at the Large Electron Positron Collider at CERN and at the Tevatron at Fermilab and its subsequent discovery and characterization at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Written by physicists who played leading roles in this epic search and discovery, this book is an authoritative and pedagogical exposition of the portrait of the Higgs boson that has emerged from a large number of experimental measurements. As the first of its kind, this book should be of interest to graduate students and researchers in particle physics.
This informative and entertaining book provides a broad look at the fascinating history of CERN, and the physicists working in different areas at CERN who were active in the discovery of the Higgs Boson. Profound and well-structured, the contents combine present day interviews with the scientists of CERN, the world's largest laboratory dedicated to the pursuit of fundamental science, with important figures in the history of science (e.g., Maxwell, Faraday, Einstein), and also gives a lot of information on the history of quantum mechanics and the history of physics from its beginnings. It is an easy-to-read book on a complex topic, providing a very personal insight into the personalities of top scientists and the history of science as well. This invaluable book will capture the interest of the curious reader, telling the story of one of the greatest scientific endeavors ever. Contents:The History of CERNThe Practitioner: Rolf-Dieter HeuerThe Beginning of Modern Physics: Galileo, Copernicus, and KeplerThe Experimentalist: Tejinder S VirdeeDalton — Thomson — Rutherford — BohrThe Man Who Built The LHC: Lyn EvansPhysics, Music, and Art: Tara ShearsThe Theorist: John EllisOersted — Ampère — Faraday — MaxwellThe Communicator: Rolf LanduaAlbert Einstein (1879–1955)The Japanese Way: Masaki HoriThe Nobel Prize Laureate: Carlo RubbiaThe American Friend: Sebastian WhiteFriendly Competitors: Sebastian White and Albert De RoeckRock 'n' Roll, Beer, Billiards, and Music: Jonathan ButterworthThe Higgs Boson — and Then? Readership: General. Key Features:Non-technical, full-bodied book jam-packed with information on the history of science and CERN which is celebrating its 60th anniversary in 2014Personal interviews with the scientists of CERN, who made the practical discovery of the Higgs Boson possible, which was predicted by Peter Higgs et al., 40 years agoThe book paints the complete picture of the necessary means, the technology and the people to make these discoveries possibleIt looks at CERN and the search for the Higgs boson from a very personal angle. Going beyond science and technology, it provides a profound picture of science and its impact on society at the beginning of the 21st century and beyond. CERN and the LHC are entering into everyday culture, and this non-technical book shows important aspects of the impact of scientific research on our view of the worldKeywords:CERN;Higgs Boson;Particle Physics;Nobel Prize;Peter Higgs;PhysicsReviews: “Michael Krause has created a full-bodied work that should be on the shelf of every library and individual interested in the history of science. This is a compelling text that combines interesting and key facts about the creation of CERN and the fundamental structure of matter with the human quest of the search for knowledge and the seeking of answers as to how the universe was created and even why we are here. I highly recommend this delightful and very informative text.” Marc J Seifer Author of “Wizard: The Life & Times of Nikola Tesla” “In this exciting and informative book, the historian Michael Krause looks behind the scenes of the largest scientific institution in the world, CERN. The author draws an exciting picture of the people who work at CERN, and also of the ideas and visions that these top scientists really have. This inspiring book is full of stories from the scientific Mecca in Geneva, and it paints a portrait of life on the CERN campus that is highly recommended reading for both beginners and experts.” Ralf Krauter Deutschlandfunk, Germany “Over several years, the author interviewed CERN scientists about how they have come to particle physics, and what drives them in their research: the human factor plays the key part in this rich and inspiring book. Amidst the very personal and exciting interviews we can find highly interesting excursus into the history of science and its most famous minds. This mix of interviews and technical information is very well done and makes this book a highly enlightening read.” Richard Kirstein Elementary Reading “This is an informative and entertaining celebration of the most remarkable thing about CERN — that such a place ever came to be in the first place. The interesting story of CERN, told in the first part of the book recounts a remarkable political success, largely the brainchild of physicists. The major part of the book consists of interviews with physicists active in different areas at CERN. The author also adds material supporting the topics under discussion, i.e. the Standard Model, or antimatter; and technologies developed at CERN. I commend Michael Krause on this novel approach to discussions about CERN.” Sebastian White ATLAS ZDC experiment “You do get to know some hardcore scientists at a personal level. Their answers give the reader a glimpse of the great endeavour that is CERN, and they also hint that the adventure is far from over — even after the Higgs discovery. With all the background information, you do not have to have a physics degree to gain a basic understanding of the science.” CERN Courier
As accessible as it is fascinating, The Large Hadron Collider reveals the inner workings of this masterful achievement of technology, along with the mind-blowing discoveries that will keep it at the center of the scientific frontier for the foreseeable future.
Inside Cern's Large Hadron Collider: From The Proton To The Higgs Boson by Campanelli Mario Pdf
The book aims to explain the historical development of particle physics, with special emphasis on CERN and collider physics. It describes in detail the LHC accelerator and its detectors, describing the science involved as well as the sociology of big collaborations, culminating with the discovery of the Higgs boson. Readers are led step-by-step to understanding why we do particle physics, as well as the tools and problems involved in the field. It provides an insider's view on the experiments at the Large Hadron Collider.
The Large Hadron Collider by Andrew J. Millington Pdf
"When the discovery of the Higgs Boson at CERN hit headlines in 2012, the world was stunned by this achievement of modern science. Less well known however, are the ways in which this advanced discovery has benefitted wider society. The Large Hadron Collider -- The Greatest Adventure in Town charts a path through the cultural, economic and medical gains from modern particle physics. It illustrates its messages through the ATLAS experiment, one of the two big experiments which found the Higgs particle. Moving away from in-depth physics analysis, it draws on the unparalleled interest in fundamental physics aroused by the discovery of the Higgs Boson, and relates it to developments in wide-ranging every-day use, including the internet, its successor 'The Grid', and modern-day cancer treatments. These wider gains of developing the 27 kilometre accelerator with its detectors are presented through first-hand interviews, and extensively illustrated throughout the book. Interviewees are leading physicists including successive heads of ATLAS, a top physics historian, a highly original economic strategist and the Nobel Prize-winning geneticist and president of the Royal Society in London. These entertaining and informative insights provide both specialists and non-specialists a unique view into the world of research surrounding the ATLAS experiment, and its implications, and the extent and style of scientific collaboration necessary to achieve its successes"--
Perspectives on Lhc Physics by G. L. Kane,Aaron Pierce Pdf
The Large Hadron Collider (LHC), located at CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, is the world's largest and highest energy and highest intensity particle accelerator. Here is a timely book with several perspectives on the hoped-for discoveries from the LHC.This book provides an overview on the techniques that will be crucial for finding new physics at the LHC, as well as perspectives on the importance and implications of the discoveries. Among the accomplished contributors to this book are leaders and visionaries in the field of particle physics beyond the Standard Model, including two Nobel Laureates (Steven Weinberg and Frank Wilczek), and presumably some future Nobel Laureates, plus top younger theorists and experimenters. With its blend of popular and technical contents, the book will have wide appeal, not only to physical scientists but also to those in related fields.
The Search and Discovery of the Higgs Boson by Luis Roberto Flores Castillo Pdf
This book provides a general description of the search for and discovery of the Higgs boson (particle) at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider. The goal is to provide a relatively brief overview of the issues, instruments and techniques relevant for this search; written by a physicist who was directly involved. The Higgs boson mat be the one particle that was studied the most before its discovery and the story from postulation in 1964 to detection in 2012 is a fascinating one. The story is told here while detailing the fundamentals of particle physics.
An accessible account of the work leading up to the monumental discovery of the Higgs boson, from one of the physicists who was there. Particle physics as we know it depends on the Higgs boson: It’s the missing link between the birth of our universe—as a sea of tiny, massless particles—and the tangible world we live in today. But for more than 50 years, scientists wondered: Does it exist? Physicist Jon Butterworth was at the frontlines of the hunt for the Higgs at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider—perhaps the most ambitious experiment in history. In Most Wanted Particle, he gives us the first inside account of that uncertain time, when an entire field hinged on a single particle, and life at the cutting edge of science meant media scrutiny, late-night pub debates, dispiriting false starts in the face of intense pressure, and countless hours at the collider itself. As Butterworth explains, our first glimpse of the elusive Higgs brings us a giant step closer to understanding the universe—and points the way to an entirely new kind of physics. Praise for Most Wanted Particle “Butterworth is an insider’s insider. His narrative seethes with insights on the project’s science, technology and “tribes,” as well as his personal (and often amusing) journey as a frontier physicist.” —Nature “A vivid account of what the process of discovery was really like for an insider.” —Peter Higgs, winner of the Nobel Prize in Physics “If you want to know why the discovery of the Higgs boson matters, read this book!” —Brian Cox, author of Why Does E=mc2?
The Large Hadron Collider by Andrew J Millington Pdf
When the discovery of the Higgs Boson at CERN hit the headlines in 2012, the world was stunned by this achievement of modern science. Less well appreciated, however, were the many ways in which this benefited wider society. The Large Hadron Collider — The Greatest Adventure in Town charts a path through the cultural, economic and medical gains of modern particle physics. It illustrates these messages through the ATLAS experiment at CERN, one of the two big experiments which found the Higgs particle. Moving clear of in-depth physics analysis, it draws on the unparalleled curiosity about particle physics aroused by the Higgs discovery, and relates it to developments familiar in the modern world, including the Internet, its successor "The Grid", and the latest cancer treatments. In this book, advances made from developing the 27 kilometre particle accelerator and its detectors are presented with the benefit of first hand interviews and are extensively illustrated throughout. Interviewees are leading physicists including successive heads of ATLAS, a top historian of science, a highly original economic strategist, a Nobel Prize-winning geneticist and President of the Royal Society in London, and experts in many other fields. These informative and entertaining insights provide both specialists and non-specialists alike with a unique window into the world of modern international research and its often surprising consequences, as exemplified by the ATLAS experiment. The narrative reveals the extent and style of international collaboration necessary to achieve success, and how big companies as well as start-ups enhance their products in the process.
History of Original Ideas and Basic Discoveries in Particle Physics by Harvey B. Newman,Thomas Ypsilantis Pdf
The International Conference on the History of Original Ideas and Basic Discoveries, held at the "Ettore Majorana" Centre for Scientific Culture in Erice, Sicily, July 27-August 4, 1994, brought together sixty of the leading scientists including many Nobel Laureates in high energy physics, principal contributors in other fields of physics such as high Tc superconductivity, particle accelerators and detector instrumentation, and thirty-six talented younger physicists selected from candidates throughout the world. The scientific program, including 49 lectures and a discussion session on the "Status and Future Directions in High Energy Physics" was inspired by the conference theme: The key experimental discoveries and theoretical breakthroughs of the last 50 years, in particle physics and related fields, have led us to a powerful description of matter in terms of three quark and three lepton families and four fundamental interactions. The most recent generation of experiments at e+e- and proton-proton colliders, and corresponding advances in theoretical calculations, have given us remarkably precise determinations of the basic parameters of the electroweak and strong interactions. These developments, while showing the striking internal consistency of the Standard Model, have also sharpened our view of the many unanswered questions which remain for the next generation: the origin and pattern of particle masses and families, the unification of the interactions including gravity, and the relation between the laws of physics and the initial conditions of the universe.
Technology Meets Research - 60 Years Of Cern Technology: Selected Highlights by Christian W Fabjan,Thomas Taylor,Daniel Treille,Horst Wenninger Pdf
'The contributions from leading scientists of the day collected in this relatively slim book document CERN's 60-year voyage of innovation and discovery, the repercussions of which vindicate the vision of those who drove the foundation of the laboratory — European in constitution, but global in impact. The spirit of inclusive collaboration, which was a key element of the original vision for the laboratory, together with the aim of technical innovation and scientific excellence, are reflected in each of the articles in this unique volume.'CERN Courier'Big' science and advanced technology are known to cross-fertilize. This book emphasizes the interplay between particle physics and technology at CERN that has led to breakthroughs in both research and technology over the laboratory's first 60 years. The innovations, often the work of individuals or by small teams, are illustrated with highlights describing selected technologies from the domains of accelerators and detectors. The book also presents the framework and conditions prevailing at CERN that enabled spectacular advances in technology and contributed to propel the European organization into the league of leading research laboratories in the world.While the book is specifically aimed at providing information for the technically interested general public, more expert readers may also appreciate the broad variety of subjects presented. Ample references are given for those who wish to further explore a given topic.
Fermilab At 50 by Chattopadhyay Swapan,Lykken Joseph D Pdf
Fermilab — originally called the National Accelerator Laboratory — began operations in Illinois on June 15, 1967. Operated and managed by The University of Chicago and Universities Research Association, LLC for the US Department of Energy, it has the distinction of being the only US national laboratory solely dedicated to the advancement of high-energy particle physics, astrophysics and cosmology. It has been the site of major discoveries and observations: the top and bottom quarks; the tau neutrino; direct CP violation in kaon decays; a quasar 27 billion light years away from us; origin of high-energy cosmic rays; and confirmation of the evidence of dark energy, among others. For 25 years it operated the world's highest energy particle collider, the Tevatron. Fermilab contributed collaboratively to the Tevatron's successor, the Large Hadron Collider, which discovered the Higgs boson in 2012. Fermilab's core competencies in accelerators, superconducting technologies, detectors and computing have positioned the laboratory for a bright future at the frontiers of science. Today Fermilab scientists, engineers, technicians together with partners from 50 countries are working to explore the nature of the elusive neutrino, enable future x-ray photon science facilities, and construct and exploit higher-energy and higher-intensity particle accelerators. Fermilab is a designated "American Physical Society Historic Site." In this commemorative volume, scientific leaders from around the world celebrate Fermilab's 50th anniversary with thoughts on the laboratory's past, present and future. CONTRIBUTORS: Norm Augustine (Ex-CEO, Lockheed Martin) James D Bjorken (SLAC/Fermilab, Emeritus) Fabiola Gianotti (Director-General, CERN) Paul Grannis (Stony Brook University) Randy Hultgren (US Representative from Illinois) Eric Isaacs (VC for Research and Innovation, University of Chicago) Neal Lane (Rice University) T D Lee (Nobel Laureate, Columbia University, Emeritus) Art McDonald (Nobel Laureate, Queens University/SNOLAB) Naba Mondal (TIFR, India, Emeritus) Burton Richter (Nobel Laureate, Director Emeritus, SLAC) Gino Segrè (University of Pennsylvania, Emeritus) James Siegrist (Director, DOE OHEP) Nigel Smith (Director, SNOLAB) Jack Steinberger (Nobel Laureate, CERN, Emeritus) Michael Turner (Director, KICP, University of Chicago) Yifang Wang (Director, IHEP, China) Ed Witten (Princeton University) Sau Lan Wu (University of Wisconsin, Madison) Robert Zimmer (President, University of Chicago) and many others. Contents: Congratulations to Fermilab (T D Lee)FNAL 50th Birthday Reminiscences (Burton Richter)Pepper and Salt, Enrico Fermi and Neutrinos (Jack Steinberger)Fifty Remarkable Years of Scientific Discovery (Dick Durbin)Fermilab: Personal Thoughts on a Remarkable Laboratory (Randy Hultgren)Fermilab at 50 (Norm Augustine)Reflections: Fermilab at 50 (Jonathan A Bagger)Fermilab/NIU: A Strong, Enduring Partnership (Douglas D Baker)Fermilab and SLAC: Looking Forward to Another Half-Century of Discovery (Chi-Chang Kao)Fermilab and China–US HEP Cooperation (Hesheng Chen)Forty Years of Association with Fermilab (Lyn Evans)Happy Birthday, Fermilab! (Fabiola Giannotti)A View from the Far Side (of the Tevatron Ring) (Paul Grannis)Fifty Years of Pioneering Coopetition! (