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Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee to Study the Prevention of Low Birthweight
Author : Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee to Study the Prevention of Low Birthweight Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 296 pages File Size : 47,8 Mb Release : 1985-01-01 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309306201
Preventing Low Birthweight by Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee to Study the Prevention of Low Birthweight Pdf
Despite recent declines in infant mortality, the rates of low birthweight deliveries in the United States continue to be high. Part I of this volume defines the significance of the problems, presents current data on risk factors and etiology, and reviews recent state and national trends in the incidence of low birthweight among various groups. Part II describes the preventive approaches found most desirable and considers their costs. Research needs are discussed throughout the volume.
Committee to Study the Prevention of Low Birthweight,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Institute of Medicine
Author : Committee to Study the Prevention of Low Birthweight,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Institute of Medicine Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 0 pages File Size : 46,6 Mb Release : 1985-01-15 Category : Medical ISBN : 0309542073
Preventing Low Birthweight by Committee to Study the Prevention of Low Birthweight,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Institute of Medicine Pdf
Despite recent declines in infant mortality, the rates of low birthweight deliveries in the United States continue to be high. Part I of this volume defines the significance of the problems, presents current data on risk factors and etiology, and reviews recent state and national trends in the incidence of low birthweight among various groups. Part II describes the preventive approaches found most desirable and considers their costs. Research needs are discussed throughout the volume.
Institut canadien de la santé infantile,Canadian Institute of Child Health
Author : Institut canadien de la santé infantile,Canadian Institute of Child Health Publisher : Canadian Institute of Child Health Page : 75 pages File Size : 50,5 Mb Release : 1992 Category : Birth weight, Low ISBN : 0919747280
Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee to Study Outreach for Prenatal Care
Author : Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee to Study Outreach for Prenatal Care Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 265 pages File Size : 49,6 Mb Release : 1988-02-01 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309038928
Prenatal Care by Institute of Medicine,Division of Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Committee to Study Outreach for Prenatal Care Pdf
Prenatal care programs have proven effective in improving birth outcomes and preventing low birthweight. Yet over one-fourth of all pregnant women in the United States do not begin prenatal care in the first 3 months of pregnancy, and for some groupsâ€"such as black teenagersâ€"participation in prenatal care is declining. To find out why, the authors studied 30 prenatal care programs and analyzed surveys of mothers who did not seek prenatal care. This new book reports their findings and offers specific recommendations for improving the nation's maternity system and increasing the use of prenatal care programs.
Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Committee on Improving Birth Outcomes
Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Committee on Improving Birth Outcomes Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 270 pages File Size : 54,5 Mb Release : 2003-10-27 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309166836
Reducing Birth Defects by Institute of Medicine,Board on Global Health,Committee on Improving Birth Outcomes Pdf
Each year more than 4 million children are born with birth defects. This book highlights the unprecedented opportunity to improve the lives of children and families in developing countries by preventing some birth defects and reducing the consequences of others. A number of developing countries with more comprehensive health care systems are making significant progress in the prevention and care of birth defects. In many other developing countries, however, policymakers have limited knowledge of the negative impact of birth defects and are largely unaware of the affordable and effective interventions available to reduce the impact of certain conditions. Reducing Birth Defects: Meeting the Challenge in the Developing World includes descriptions of successful programs and presents a plan of action to address critical gaps in the understanding, prevention, and treatment of birth defects in developing countries. This study also recommends capacity building, priority research, and institutional and global efforts to reduce the incidence and impact of birth defects in developing countries.
Presents country, regional and global estimates of low birthweight for 2000, together with a detailed description of the methodology used. Some limited data on trends are also included.
Helping Low Birth Weight, Premature Babies by Ruth T. Gross,Donna Spiker,Christine W. Haynes Pdf
Each year in the United States, 250,000 infants are born too soon, weighing too little. For these low birth weight, premature infants, the future is uncertain, since they are at risk for a variety of serious medical and developmental problemsincluding behavioral and learning disorders that may have damaging effects for the rest of their lives. The extent to which a comprehensive early intervention program could improve or prevent these adverse outcomes was examined in the Infant Health and Development Program, a randomized controlled trial involving almost 1,000 infants in eight cities in the United States. This book describes in detail the program, its research methodology, the progress of the program, and the results of the clinical trial. The program was administered by an interdisciplinary team composed of physicians, biostatisticians, child development specialists, and researchers from several disciplines. It was instituted upon the discharge of the infants from the neonatal nursery and was maintained for three years. One-third of the infants were randomly assigned to an intervention group, the remainder to a follow-up group. Infants in both groups received pediatric care and community referral services, but only those in the intervention group participated in a program that included extensive home visits, attendance at a child development center, and group meetings for parents. The results of the program proved to be clinically important; at age three, the children in the intervention group had significantly higher IQ scores, greater cognitive development, and fewer behavioral problems. The implications of the findings for public policy are equally important, for there is increasing interest in the prevention, early detection, and management of developmental disabilities in children, as evidenced by such legislation as the Education for All Children Act. Strategies to minimize the problems of low birth weight children, with their potential for long-term savings through the prevention of disabilities and their attendant costs, could have significant repercussions in such governmental areas as medical care, education, and social welfare.
Science and Babies by Institute of Medicine,Suzanne Wymelenberg Pdf
By all indicators, the reproductive health of Americans has been deteriorating since 1980. Our nation is troubled by rates of teen pregnancies and newborn deaths that are worse than almost all others in the Western world. Science and Babies is a straightforward presentation of the major reproductive issues we face that suggests answers for the public. The book discusses how the clash of opinions on sex and family planning prevents us from making a national commitment to reproductive health; why people in the United States have fewer contraceptive choices than those in many other countries; what we need to do to improve social and medical services for teens and people living in poverty; how couples should "shop" for a fertility service and make consumer-wise decisions; and what we can expect in the futureâ€"featuring interesting accounts of potential scientific advances.
Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Understanding Premature Birth and Assuring Healthy Outcomes
Author : Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Understanding Premature Birth and Assuring Healthy Outcomes Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 791 pages File Size : 49,8 Mb Release : 2007-05-23 Category : Medical ISBN : 9780309101592
Preterm Birth by Institute of Medicine,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Committee on Understanding Premature Birth and Assuring Healthy Outcomes Pdf
The increasing prevalence of preterm birth in the United States is a complex public health problem that requires multifaceted solutions. Preterm birth is a cluster of problems with a set of overlapping factors of influence. Its causes may include individual-level behavioral and psychosocial factors, sociodemographic and neighborhood characteristics, environmental exposure, medical conditions, infertility treatments, and biological factors. Many of these factors co-occur, particularly in those who are socioeconomically disadvantaged or who are members of racial and ethnic minority groups. While advances in perinatal and neonatal care have improved survival for preterm infants, those infants who do survive have a greater risk than infants born at term for developmental disabilities, health problems, and poor growth. The birth of a preterm infant can also bring considerable emotional and economic costs to families and have implications for public-sector services, such as health insurance, educational, and other social support systems. Preterm Birth assesses the problem with respect to both its causes and outcomes. This book addresses the need for research involving clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science disciplines. By defining and addressing the health and economic consequences of premature birth, this book will be of particular interest to health care professionals, public health officials, policy makers, professional associations and clinical, basic, behavioral, and social science researchers.
Nutritional Strategies for the Very Low Birthweight Infant by David H. Adamkin Pdf
The goal of nutritional management in VLBW and ELBW infants is the achievement of postnatal growth at a rate that approximates the intrauterine growth of a normal fetus at the same postconceptional age. In reality, however, growth lags considerably after birth; although non-nutritional factors are involved, nutrient deficiencies are critical in explaining delayed growth. This practical clinically-oriented pocketbook reviews and summarises all available clinical evidence. It enables the reader to implement parenteral or enteral feeding plans, with the goals of reducing postnatal weight loss, earlier return to birthweight, and improved catch-up growth. Both nutrient balance and growth and the impact on neurodevelopment and health outcomes are evaluated. With many tables and algorithms to summarise key data and management strategies, Nutritional Strategies for the Very Low Birthweight Infant is an invaluable guide for all healthcare professionals caring for premature babies.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Assessing Health Outcomes by Birth Settings
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Assessing Health Outcomes by Birth Settings Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 369 pages File Size : 49,7 Mb Release : 2020-05-01 Category : Social Science ISBN : 9780309669825
Birth Settings in America by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Board on Children, Youth, and Families,Committee on Assessing Health Outcomes by Birth Settings Pdf
The delivery of high quality and equitable care for both mothers and newborns is complex and requires efforts across many sectors. The United States spends more on childbirth than any other country in the world, yet outcomes are worse than other high-resource countries, and even worse for Black and Native American women. There are a variety of factors that influence childbirth, including social determinants such as income, educational levels, access to care, financing, transportation, structural racism and geographic variability in birth settings. It is important to reevaluate the United States' approach to maternal and newborn care through the lens of these factors across multiple disciplines. Birth Settings in America: Outcomes, Quality, Access, and Choice reviews and evaluates maternal and newborn care in the United States, the epidemiology of social and clinical risks in pregnancy and childbirth, birth settings research, and access to and choice of birth settings.
This publication addresses the issue of low birthweight and what state legislatures can do to reduce its incidence, particularly in regard to ensuring prenatal care. Other than prevention of unwanted pregnancies, provison of good prenatal care is the most effective strategy for reducing the number of low birthweight babies. This text describes: (1) the causes of low birthweight in the United States; (2) reasons why legislators should be concerned about low birthweight; (3) what legislators can do to reduce its incidence; (4) federal assistance programs available to states; (5) the cost-effectiveness of prenatal care; (6) recent state activities designed to reduce low birthweight and infant mortality rates; and (7) ways states are paying for expanded prenatal care. Appendix A describes eight states' approaches to prevention of low birthweight. These approaches involve the development of successful prenatal care services; the definition of prenatal care as a right of all pregnant women; prevention of preterm labor through education; assessment of the need for prenatal care among counties and allocation of resources based on priority; a focus on high-risk pregnant women; the study of various state and city approaches to planning programs; and the use of state-specific data for presentation to legislators. Appendix B lists resources and offers a brief annotated bibliography. (BC)
Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (Volume 2) by Robert Black,Ramanan Laxminarayan,Marleen Temmerman,Neff Walker Pdf
The evaluation of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) by the Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (DCP3) focuses on maternal conditions, childhood illness, and malnutrition. Specifically, the chapters address acute illness and undernutrition in children, principally under age 5. It also covers maternal mortality, morbidity, stillbirth, and influences to pregnancy and pre-pregnancy. Volume 3 focuses on developments since the publication of DCP2 and will also include the transition to older childhood, in particular, the overlap and commonality with the child development volume. The DCP3 evaluation of these conditions produced three key findings: 1. There is significant difficulty in measuring the burden of key conditions such as unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, nonsexually transmitted infections, infertility, and violence against women. 2. Investments in the continuum of care can have significant returns for improved and equitable access, health, poverty, and health systems. 3. There is a large difference in how RMNCH conditions affect different income groups; investments in RMNCH can lessen the disparity in terms of both health and financial risk.
Author : Richard David Semba,Martin W. Bloem Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media Page : 938 pages File Size : 51,8 Mb Release : 2008-06-26 Category : Medical ISBN : 9781597454643
Nutrition and Health in Developing Countries by Richard David Semba,Martin W. Bloem Pdf
This updated and expanded book was written with the underlying conviction that global health and nutrition problems can only be solved through a firm understanding of the different levels of causality and the interactions between the various determinants. This volume provides policy makers, nutritionists, students, scientists, and professionals with the most recent and up-to-date knowledge regarding major health and nutritional problems in developing countries.
