Pricing Of Prescription Drugs

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Ensuring Patient Access to Affordable Drug Therapies
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2018-03-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309468084

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Making Medicines Affordable by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Care Services,Committee on Ensuring Patient Access to Affordable Drug Therapies Pdf

Thanks to remarkable advances in modern health care attributable to science, engineering, and medicine, it is now possible to cure or manage illnesses that were long deemed untreatable. At the same time, however, the United States is facing the vexing challenge of a seemingly uncontrolled rise in the cost of health care. Total medical expenditures are rapidly approaching 20 percent of the gross domestic product and are crowding out other priorities of national importance. The use of increasingly expensive prescription drugs is a significant part of this problem, making the cost of biopharmaceuticals a serious national concern with broad political implications. Especially with the highly visible and very large price increases for prescription drugs that have occurred in recent years, finding a way to make prescription medicinesâ€"and health care at largeâ€"more affordable for everyone has become a socioeconomic imperative. Affordability is a complex function of factors, including not just the prices of the drugs themselves, but also the details of an individual's insurance coverage and the number of medical conditions that an individual or family confronts. Therefore, any solution to the affordability issue will require considering all of these factors together. The current high and increasing costs of prescription drugsâ€"coupled with the broader trends in overall health care costsâ€"is unsustainable to society as a whole. Making Medicines Affordable examines patient access to affordable and effective therapies, with emphasis on drug pricing, inflation in the cost of drugs, and insurance design. This report explores structural and policy factors influencing drug pricing, drug access programs, the emerging role of comparative effectiveness assessments in payment policies, changing finances of medical practice with regard to drug costs and reimbursement, and measures to prevent drug shortages and foster continued innovation in drug development. It makes recommendations for policy actions that could address drug price trends, improve patient access to affordable and effective treatments, and encourage innovations that address significant needs in health care.

Author : Peter J. Neumann,Joshua T. Cohen,Daniel A. Ollendorf
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2021-05-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780197512906

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The Right Price by Peter J. Neumann,Joshua T. Cohen,Daniel A. Ollendorf Pdf

The US prescription drug business is a $500 billion industry whose rising prices carry profound consequences for patients, caregivers, employers and taxpayers across the nation. In the United States, average prices of leading brand-name drugs are two to four times higher than prices charged in other wealthy countries, raising questions as to what Americans are getting for the extra expense. On the other hand, healthy industry returns have arguably fueled life-saving innovation. With the advent of ever more targeted and powerful treatments, including cell- and gene-based therapies with multi-million-dollar price tags, the need for sensible drug pricing policies will only intensify. The Right Price sheds light on the controversial topic of drug pricing by providing an accessible guide to pharmaceutical markets and analytic techniques used to measure the value of drug therapies. It illustrates the need for value-based pricing through real-life stories of patients and their experiences with the drug industry and explains why simple solutions like price controls and the importation of cheaper drugs from other countries are problematic. This volume describes how researchers and policy makers have pursued drug valuation efforts in the past, and lays out a series of recommendations, based on years of shared author experience serving on national drug policy platforms, for how to further improve pharmaceutical value assessment in the United States. With unique industry insights and clear narrative, The Right Price unveils why the pricing of drugs continues to be so challenging and how public and private officials can create more informed policies to achieve the right balance between drug pricing and value.

Author : Elias B. Toft
Publisher : Nova Snova
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2020-03-13
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1536176680

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Prescription Drug Pricing: Background, Discount Programs and Cost Lowering Strategies by Elias B. Toft Pdf

Chapter 1 examines the actions of drug companies in raising prescription drug prices in the United States, as well as the effects of these actions on the Federal and state budgets, and on American families. Chapter 2 addresses frequently asked questions about government and private-sector policies that affect drug prices and availability. Among the prescription drug topics covered are federally funded research and development, regulation of direct-to-consumer advertising, legal restrictions on reimportation, and federal price negotiation. The 340B Drug Pricing Program requires drug manufacturers to sell outpatient drugs at discounted prices to covered entitiesâeligible clinics, hospitals, and othersâin order to have their drugs covered by Medicaid. Covered entities are only allowed to provide 340B drugs to certain eligible patients. Chapter 3 reviews the Health Resources and Services Administration's (HRSA) oversight of the 340B Program to ensure compliance with program rules. In 2017, nearly 60% of U.S. adults aged 18â64 reported being prescribed medication in the past 12 months. Approximately 70% of prescription medications carry out-of-pocket costs. Strategies to reduce prescription drug costs at the individual level are discussed in chapters 4 and 5. Each year, Americans pay more for prescription drugs, and rising drug prices have a disproportionate impact on older Americans. Chapter 6 examines the history of rising drug prices for the brand-name drugs most commonly prescribed for seniors. Generic drugsâcopies of brand-name drugsâlead to significant cost savings. Before a generic drug can be marketed, FDA must approve the generic drug application. According to FDA, applications go through an average of three cycles of review before being approved, which may take years. Chapter 7 examines 1) the first review cycle approval rate of generic drug applications in recent years and factors that may have contributed to whether applications were approved; and 2) changes FDA has made to increase the first review cycle approval rate.

Author : Elizabeth R. Nesbitt
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 246 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Drugs
ISBN : 9781457823428

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Pricing of Prescription Drugs by Elizabeth R. Nesbitt Pdf

Author : United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 32 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Drugs
ISBN : UIUC:30112033966885

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Prescription Drug Prices by United States. General Accounting Office Pdf

Author : Jonathan R. Dickson,Amy M. Woebler
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Medical economics
ISBN : 1613246390

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Prescription Drug Pricing by Jonathan R. Dickson,Amy M. Woebler Pdf

The growing cost of brand-name prescription drugs can be a burden on patients, payers and providers of health care, particularly when price increases are large and occur suddenly. Controlling rising prescription drug prices helps to ensure that patients can afford medically necessary and sometimes life-saving medication, and to moderate costs for hospitals and third-party payers such as insurance plans and state and federal governments. This book examines prescription drug pricing costs and control concerns with a focus on extraordinary price increases for brand-name prescription drugs, as well as the characteristics and factors that contributed to this price increase.

Author : Robin Feldman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 203 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2023-10-31
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781009432948

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Drugs, Money, and Secret Handshakes by Robin Feldman Pdf

Examines the pharmaceutical industry to expose how higher-priced drugs receive favorable treatment and patients are channeled toward the most expensive medicines.

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Consumer Affairs, Foreign Commerce, and Tourism
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 96 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Consumer protection
ISBN : UOM:39015090410948

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Comparative Pricing of Prescription Drugs Sold in the United States and Canada and the Effects on U.S. Consumers by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. Subcommittee on Consumer Affairs, Foreign Commerce, and Tourism Pdf

Author : Pete Schauer
Publisher : Greenhaven Publishing LLC
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2017-12-15
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : 1534501827

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Big Pharma and Drug Pricing by Pete Schauer Pdf

Americans pay among the highest prices for prescription drugs, thanks to government legislation and the powerful pharmaceutical lobbies. The effect has been disastrous, with many citizens obtaining cheaper medicine from Canada, and others forgoing it altogether at the risk of their health. These crippling prices are set by big pharma, at the insistence of those who support free trade. Consumers call the pharmaceutical companies greedy and selfish, but these companies also enact change, through scientific research, curing of diseases, and community outreach. What is the answer to this complex issue? Readers will learn about the conflicts and potential solutions in this compelling volume.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : World Health Organization
Page : 70 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2020-09-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789240011878

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WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies by Anonim Pdf

In recent years, high prices of pharmaceutical products have posed challenges in high- and low-income countries alike. In many instances, high prices of pharmaceutical products have led to significant financial hardship for individuals and negatively impacted on healthcare systems' ability to provide population-wide access to essential medicines. Pharmaceutical pricing policies need to be carefully planned, carried out, and regularly checked and revised according to changing conditions. Strong, well-thought-out policies can guide well-informed and balanced decisions to achieve affordable access to essential health products. This guideline replaces the 2015 WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies, revised to reflect the growing body of literature since the last evidence review in 2010. This update also recognizes country experiences in managing the prices of pharmaceutical products.

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Board on Health Care Services
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 103 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2020-01-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309498517

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The Role of NIH in Drug Development Innovation and Its Impact on Patient Access by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Health and Medicine Division,Board on Health Sciences Policy,Board on Health Care Services Pdf

To explore the role of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in innovative drug development and its impact on patient access, the Board on Health Care Services and the Board on Health Sciences Policy of the National Academies jointly hosted a public workshop on July 24â€"25, 2019, in Washington, DC. Workshop speakers and participants discussed the ways in which federal investments in biomedical research are translated into innovative therapies and considered approaches to ensure that the public has affordable access to the resulting new drugs. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Author : United States Government Accountability Office
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2018-01-13
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1983735604

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Brand-Name Prescription Drug Pricing by United States Government Accountability Office Pdf

Brand-Name Prescription Drug Pricing: Lack of Therapeutically Equivalent Drugs and Limited Competition May Contribute to Extraordinary Price Increases

Author : Ed Schoonveld
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2016-02-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317019299

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The Price of Global Health by Ed Schoonveld Pdf

Public debate on the rising cost of new biotechnology drug treatments has intensified over the last few years as healthcare budget pressures have mounted under a strained economy. Meanwhile, the demand for new, effective medical and drug treatments continues to rise as unhealthy lifestyles cause further increases in diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Global drug pricing is one of the most hotly debated yet least understood aspects of the pharmaceutical industry. How should drug prices be set and what does it mean for patients? Why do governments increasingly get involved, and what is its impact on the global competitive environment? How can a life-saving industry have a poorer image than gun and tobacco industries, whose products are associated with death? Ed Schoonveld explains how pharmaceutical prices are determined in a complex global payer environment and what factors influence the process. His insights will help a wide range of audiences, from healthcare industry professionals to policy makers and the broader public, to gain a better understanding of this highly complex and emotionally charged field. The Price of Global Health is recognized as a valued and unique reference book that covers a complete array of topics related to global pharmaceutical pricing. It contains an in-depth but straightforward exploration of the pharmaceutical pricing strategy process, its underlying market access, general business and ethical considerations, and its implications for payers, physicians and patients. It is a much-needed and invaluable resource for anybody interested or involved in, or affected by, the development, funding and use of prescription drugs. In particular, it is of critical importance to pharmaceutical company executives and other leaders and professionals in commercialization and drug development, including marketing, business development, market access and pricing, clinical development, drug discovery, regulatory affairs, health outcomes, market research and public affairs. The second edition includes new chapters on payer value story development, oncology, orphan drugs and payer negotiations. Furthermore, many country chapters have been substantially updated to reflect changes in the healthcare systems, including the Affordable Care Act in the US, AMNOG in Germany, medico-economic requirements in France and many other country-specific changes. Lastly, almost every chapter has been updated with new examples and illustrations.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Drugs
ISBN : STANFORD:36105028431273

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Report to the President by Anonim Pdf

On October 25,1999, the President directed the Secretary of Health and Human Services to study prescription drug costs and trends for Medicare beneficiaries. He asked that the study investigate: price differences for the most commonly used drugs for people with and without coverage; drug spending by people of various ages, as a percentage of income and of total health spending; and trends in drug expenditures by people of different ages, as a percentage of income and of total health spending. This report is the Department's response to that request. It represents the work of individuals and agencies throughout the Department, including the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Health Care Financing Administration (HCFA), and the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation (ASPE).

Author : Jerry Avorn, M.D.
Publisher : Vintage
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2005-08-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781400030781

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Powerful Medicines by Jerry Avorn, M.D. Pdf

If you believe that the latest blockbuster medication is worth a premium price over your generic brand, or that doctors have access to all the information they need about a drug’s safety and effectiveness each time they write a prescription, Dr. Jerry Avorn has some sobering news. Drawing on more than twenty-five years of patient care, teaching, and research at Harvard Medical School, he shares his firsthand experience of the wide gap in our knowledge of the effectiveness of one medication as compared to another. In Powerful Medicines, he reminds us that every pill we take represents a delicate compromise between the promise of healing, the risk of side effects, and an increasingly daunting price. The stakes on each front grow higher every year as new drugs with impressive power, worrisome side effects, and troubling costs are introduced. This is a comprehensive behind-the-scenes look at issues that affect everyone: our shortage of data comparing the worth of similar drugs for the same condition; alarming lapses in the detection of lethal side effects; the underuse of life-saving medications; lavish marketing campaigns that influence what doctors prescribe; and the resulting upward spiral of costs that places vital drugs beyond the reach of many Americans. In this engagingly written book, Dr. Avorn asks questions that will interest every consumer: How can a product judged safe by the Food and Drug Administration turn out to have unexpectedly lethal side effects? Why has the nation’s drug bill been growing at nearly 20 percent per year? How can physicians and patients pick the best medication in its class? How do doctors actually make their prescribing decisions, and why do those decisions sometimes go wrong? Why do so many Americans suffer preventable illnesses and deaths that proper drug use could have averted? How can the nation gain control over its escalating drug budget without resorting to rationing or draconian governmental controls? Using clinical case histories taken from his own work as a practitioner, researcher, and advocate, Dr. Avorn demonstrates the impressive power of the well-conceived prescription as well as the debacles that can result when medications are misused. He describes an innovative program that employs the pharmaceutical industry’s own marketing techniques to reduce use of some of the most overprescribed and overpriced products. Powerful Medicines offers timely and practical advice on how the nation can improve its drug-approval process, and how patients can work with doctors to make sure their prescriptions are safe, effective, and as affordable as possible. This is a passionate and provocative call for action as well as a compelling work of clear-headed science.