Principles Of Gravitational Lensing

Author : Arthur B. Congdon,Charles R. Keeton
Publisher : Springer
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2018-12-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030021221

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Principles of Gravitational Lensing by Arthur B. Congdon,Charles R. Keeton Pdf

This textbook provides an introduction to gravitational lensing, which has become an invaluable tool in modern astrophysics, with applications that range from finding planets orbiting distant stars to understanding how dark matter and dark energy conspired to form the cosmic structures we see today. Principles of Gravitational Lensing begins with Einstein’s prediction that gravity bends light, and shows how that fundamental idea has spawned a rich field of study over the past century. The gravitational deflection of light was first detected by Eddington during a solar eclipse in May 1919, launching Einstein and his theory of relativity into public view. Yet the possibility of using the phenomenon to unlock mysteries of the Universe seemed remote, given the technology of the day. Theoretical work was carried out sporadically over the next six decades, but only with the discovery of the system Q0957+561 in 1979 was gravitational lensing transformed from a curiosity of general relativity into a practical observational tool. This book describes how the three subfields known as strong lensing, weak lensing, and microlensing have grown independently but become increasingly intertwined. Drawing on their research experience, Congdon and Keeton begin with the basic physics of light bending, then present the mathematical foundations of gravitational lensing, building up to current research topics in a clear and systematic way. Relevant background material from physics and mathematics is included, making the book self-contained. The derivations and explanations are supplemented by exercises designed to help students master the theoretical concepts as well as the methods that drive current research. An extensive bibliography guides those wishing to delve more deeply into particular areas of interest. Principles of Gravitational Lensing is ideal for advanced students and seasoned researchers looking to penetrate this thriving subject and even contribute research of their own.

Author : P. Schneider,J. Ehlers,E.E. Falco
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 564 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662037584

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Gravitational Lenses by P. Schneider,J. Ehlers,E.E. Falco Pdf

Light observed from distant objects is found to be deflected by the gravitational field of massive objects near the line of sight - an effect predicted by Einstein in his first paper setting forth the general theory of relativity, and confirmed by Eddington soon afterwards. If the source of the light is sufficiently distant and bright, and if the intervening object is massive enough and near enough to the line of sight, the gravitational field acts like a lens, focusing the light and producing one or more bright images of the source. This book, by renowned researchers in the field, begins by discussing the basic physics behind gravitational lenses: the optics of curved space-time. It then derives the appropriate equations for predicting the properties of these lenses. In addition, it presents up-to-date observational evidence for gravitational lenses and describes the particular properties of the observed cases. The authors also discuss applications of the results to problems in cosmology.

Author : Massimo Meneghetti
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 412 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2021-12-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030735821

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Introduction to Gravitational Lensing by Massimo Meneghetti Pdf

This book introduces the phenomenology of gravitational lensing in an accessible manner and provides a thorough discussion of the related astrophysical applications. It is intended for advanced undergraduates and graduate students who want to start working in this rapidly evolving field. This includes also senior researchers who are interested in ongoing or future surveys and missions such as DES, Euclid, WFIRST, LSST. The reader is guided through many fascinating topics related to gravitational lensing like the structure of our galaxy, the searching for exoplanets, the investigation of dark matter in galaxies and galaxy clusters, and several aspects of cosmology, including dark energy and the cosmic microwave background. The author, who has gained valuable experience as academic teacher, guides the readers towards the comprehension of the theory of gravitational lensing and related observational techniques by using simple codes written in python. This approach, beyond facilitating the understanding of gravitational lensing, is preparatory for learning the python programming language which is gaining large popularity both in academia and in the private sector.

Author : August Hall
Publisher : Clanrye International
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2023-09-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 1647266777

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Gravitation and Cosmology: Principles and Applications of the General Theory of Relativity by August Hall Pdf

Cosmology is a field of astronomy that studies the origin and evolution of the universe. General theory of relativity, also called Einstein's theory of gravity, serves as the foundation for comprehending the history and large-scale structure of the universe. A number of significant predictions about the physical world such as the Big Bang origin of the universe, the existence of black holes, effect of gravity on clocks, and gravitational lensing are also based on general relativity theory. According to this theory, numerous astrophysical occurrences produce gravitational waves, which are ripples in the geometry of spacetime and these propagate at the speed of light. This theory provides a unified description of gravity as a geometric property of space and time, also known as the four-dimensional spacetime model. It also improves upon Newton's law of universal gravitation and generalizes special relativity. It serves as the foundation for the fields of relativistic astrophysics and cosmology. This book unfolds the principles and applications of the general theory relativity. It presents researches and studies performed by experts across the globe. The book will help the readers in keeping pace with the rapid changes in this field.

Author : Peter Schneider,Christopher Kochanek,Joachim Wambsganss
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 552 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2006-12-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540303107

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Gravitational Lensing: Strong, Weak and Micro by Peter Schneider,Christopher Kochanek,Joachim Wambsganss Pdf

The observation, in 1919 by A.S. Eddington and collaborators, of the gra- tational de?ection of light by the Sun proved one of the many predictions of Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity: The Sun was the ?rst example of a gravitational lens. In 1936, Albert Einstein published an article in which he suggested - ing stars as gravitational lenses. A year later, Fritz Zwicky pointed out that galaxies would act as lenses much more likely than stars, and also gave a list of possible applications, as a means to determine the dark matter content of galaxies and clusters of galaxies. It was only in 1979 that the ?rst example of an extragalactic gravitational lens was provided by the observation of the distant quasar QSO 0957+0561, by D. Walsh, R.F. Carswell, and R.J. Weymann. A few years later, the ?rst lens showing images in the form of arcs was detected. The theory, observations, and applications of gravitational lensing cons- tute one of the most rapidly growing branches of astrophysics. The gravi- tional de?ection of light generated by mass concentrations along a light path producesmagni?cation,multiplicity,anddistortionofimages,anddelaysp- ton propagation from one line of sight relative to another. The huge amount of scienti?c work produced over the last decade on gravitational lensing has clearly revealed its already substantial and wide impact, and its potential for future astrophysical applications.

Author : Volker Perlick
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2003-07-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540466628

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Ray Optics, Fermat’s Principle, and Applications to General Relativity by Volker Perlick Pdf

This book is about the mathematical theory of light propagation in media on general-relativistic spacetimes. The first part discusses the transition from Maxwell's equations to ray optics. The second part establishes a general mathematical framework for treating ray optics as a theory in its own right, making extensive use of the Hamiltonian formalism. This part also includes a detailed discussion of variational principles (i.e., various versions of Fermat's principle) for light rays in general-relativistic media. Some applications, e.g. to gravitational lensing, are worked out. The reader is assumed to have some basic knowledge of general relativity and some familiarity with differential geometry. Some of the results are published here for the first time, e.g. a general-relativistic version of Fermat's principle for light rays in a medium that has to satisfy some regularity condition only.

Author : Evencio Mediavilla,Jose A. Muñoz,Francisco Garzón,Terence J. Mahoney
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2016-10-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107078543

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Astrophysical Applications of Gravitational Lensing by Evencio Mediavilla,Jose A. Muñoz,Francisco Garzón,Terence J. Mahoney Pdf

This book presents gravitational lensing as an essential tool in astrophysics for tracking dark matter at all scales in the Universe.

Author : Alexander Eigenbrod
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Gravitational lenses
ISBN : 2940222576

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Gravitational Lensing of Quasars by Alexander Eigenbrod Pdf

Author : Charles Keeton
Publisher : Springer
Page : 434 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2014-05-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461492368

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Principles of Astrophysics by Charles Keeton Pdf

This book gives a survey of astrophysics at the advanced undergraduate level, providing a physics-centred analysis of a broad range of astronomical systems. It originates from a two-semester course sequence at Rutgers University that is meant to appeal not only to astrophysics students but also more broadly to physics and engineering students. The organisation is driven more by physics than by astronomy; in other words, topics are first developed in physics and then applied to astronomical systems that can be investigated, rather than the other way around. The first half of the book focuses on gravity. The theme in this part of the book, as well as throughout astrophysics, is using motion to investigate mass. The goal of Chapters 2-11 is to develop a progressively richer understanding of gravity as it applies to objects ranging from planets and moons to galaxies and the universe as a whole. The second half uses other aspects of physics to address one of the big questions. While “Why are we here?” lies beyond the realm of physics, a closely related question is within our reach: “How did we get here?” The goal of Chapters 12-20 is to understand the physics behind the remarkable story of how the Universe, Earth and life were formed. This book assumes familiarity with vector calculus and introductory physics (mechanics, electromagnetism, gas physics and atomic physics); however, all of the physics topics are reviewed as they come up (and vital aspects of vector calculus are reviewed in the Appendix).

Author : Scott Dodelson
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2017-06-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107129764

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Gravitational Lensing by Scott Dodelson Pdf

This book presents the basics of gravitational lensing, accessible to students and researchers with a wide range of backgrounds.

Author : Peter Schneider,Jürgen Ehlers,Emilio E. Falco
Publisher : Springer
Page : 560 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1992-10-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 0387970703

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Gravitational Lenses by Peter Schneider,Jürgen Ehlers,Emilio E. Falco Pdf

The theory, observations, and applications ofgravitational lensingconstitute one ofthe most rapidly growing branches ofextragalactic astrophysics. The deflection of light from very distant sources by intervening masses provides a unique possibility for the investigation of both background sources and lens mass distributions. Gravitational lensing manifestsitselfmost distinctly through multiply imaged QSOs and the formation of highly elongated im ages of distant galaxies ('arcs') and spectacular ring-like images of extra galactic radio sources. But the effects of gravitational light deflection are not limited to these prominent image configurations; more subtle, since not directly observable, consequences of lensing are the, possibly strong, mag nification of sources, which may permit observation of intrinsically fainter, or more distant, sources than would be visible without these natural tele scopes. Such light deflection can also affect the source counts of QSOs and of other compact extragalactic sources, and can lead to flux variability of sources owing to propagation effects. Trying to summarizethe theory and observationalstatus ofgravitational lensing in a monograph turned out to be a bigger problem than any of the authors anticipated when we started this project at the end of 1987, encour aged by Martin Harwit, who originally approached us. The development in the field has been very rapid during the last four years, both through the ory and through observation, and many sections have been rewritten several times, as the previous versions became out of date.

Author : Arlie O. Petters,Harold Levine,Joachim Wambsganss
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 616 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461201458

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Singularity Theory and Gravitational Lensing by Arlie O. Petters,Harold Levine,Joachim Wambsganss Pdf

This monograph is the first to develop a mathematical theory of gravitational lensing. The theory applies to any finite number of deflector planes and highlights the distinctions between single and multiple plane lensing. Introductory material in Parts I and II present historical highlights and the astrophysical aspects of the subject. Part III employs the ideas and results of singularity theory to put gravitational lensing on a rigorous mathematical foundation.

Author : John Mason
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2006-08-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540303138

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Astrophysics Update 2 by John Mason Pdf

"Astrophysics Updates" is intended to serve the information needs of professional astronomers and postgraduate students about areas of astronomy, astrophysics and cosmology that are rich and active research spheres. Observational methods and the latest results of astronomical research are presented as well as their theoretical foundations and interrelations. The contributed commissioned articles are written by leading exponents in a format that will appeal to professional astronomers and astrophysicists who are interested in topics outside their own specific areas of research. This collection of timely reviews may also attract the interest of advanced amateur astronomers seeking scientifically rigorous coverage.

Author : Space Telescope Science Institute (U.S.). Symposium
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1997-06-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521591643

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The Extragalactic Distance Scale by Space Telescope Science Institute (U.S.). Symposium Pdf

One of the hottest debates in astronomy and cosmology today concerns the value of the Hubble constant. This constant is of paramount importance since it fixes the size and age of the Universe. At a symposium at the Space Telescope Science Institute, experts from around the world presented the latest results from a plethora of techniques for determining the Hubble constant. The value has always been controversial, but at this meeting experts' results agreed for the first time to within about 20%. Based on the meeting, this book presents twenty-three specially written review articles. They provide a comprehensive account of the Hubble-constant debate with the latest results from gravitational lensing, supernovae and novae, the Tully-Fisher relation, the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect, globular clusters, planetary nebulae, light echoes, and the Hubble Space Telescope Key Project. This timely volume provides a standard reference for graduate students and researchers in astronomy and cosmology.

Author : Silvia Mollerach,Esteban Roulet
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Science
ISBN : 9810248520

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Gravitational Lensing and Microlensing by Silvia Mollerach,Esteban Roulet Pdf

Provides a comprehensive and self-contained exposition of gravitational lensing phenomena.